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Pharmacodynamics Flashcards

1
Q

Study of detailed MECHANISM OF ACTION by which drugs produce their pharmacologic effects

A

Pharmacodynamics

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2
Q

Pharmacodynamics is the relationship between

A

Drug concentration
Site of action

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3
Q

Receptors are also known as

A

Substrates

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4
Q

Specific molecules in a biological system with which DRUGS INTERACT to produce change

A

Receptors

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5
Q

It is the BIOLOGIC SITE of action

A

Receptors

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6
Q

Are receptors selective or non-selective

A

Selective

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7
Q

Ability of the drug molecule to BIND

A

Affinity

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8
Q

Ability of the drug to GENERATE AN IMPULSE

A

Intrinsic activity

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9
Q

It is the CAPACITY TO BIND
Have AFFINITY and INTRINSIC activity

A

Agonist

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10
Q

Capable of FULLY ACTIVATING the effector organ
Produce ALL EXPECTED EFFECTS

A

Full agonist

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11
Q

Example of full agonist

A

Opioids-morphine

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12
Q

Produce LESS THAN FULL effect when receptors are saturated
Acts as ANTAGONIST with full agonist

A

Partial agonist

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13
Q

Have more AFFINITY to the INACTIVE SITE

A

Inverse agonist

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14
Q

Example of partial agonist

A

Tramadol
Bucrenorphine

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15
Q

Example of inverse agonist

A

Benzodiazepine

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16
Q

Roles of receptors

A

Determine quantitative relationship of drug dose concentration and pharmacologic effects
Responsible for selectivity of drug action
Meditate actions of pharmacologic effect

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17
Q

Has affinity WITHOUT intrinsic activity

A

Antagonist

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18
Q

2 agonists in DIFFERENT receptors=opposite effects

A

Physiological antagonism

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19
Q

Physiological antagonism has no

A

Direct effect

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20
Q

Example of physiological antagonism

A

Epinephrine during anaphylaxis

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21
Q

2 drugs to SAME receptor

A

Pharmacologic antagonism

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22
Q

Example of pharmacologic antagonism

A

Dobutamine and propanolol

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23
Q

INACTIVATION due to chemical interaction

A

Chemical antagonism

24
Q

Example of chemical antagonism

A

Heparin overdose- Protamine sulfate
Dimercaprol- Lead poisoning

25
Q

A British anti lewisite

A

Dimercaprol

26
Q

ALTERATION of pharmacokinetic parameters

A

Dispositional or pharmacokinetic interaction

27
Q

Example of dispositional or pharmacokinetic interaction

A

Activated charcoal and ipecac for poisoning

28
Q

Antagonist binds in NON-COVALENT LINKS

A

Reversible-competitive

29
Q

Example of reversible antagonism

A

Naloxone
Flumazenil

30
Q

Antagonist binds in COVALENT LINKS

A

Irreversible/non-competitive

31
Q

Aspirin is irreversible inhibitor of
Organophosphate is irreversible inhibitor of
Prasugrel is irreversible inhibitor of

A

COX
Acetylcholinesterase
P2Y12 receptors

32
Q

Agonist in high concentrations can DISPLACE

A

Competitive antagonism

33
Q

August in high concentrations CANNOT DISPLACE

A

Non-competitive

34
Q

Hypothesis of Clark follows what law

A

Law of mass action

35
Q

The pharmacological effect friends on the PERCENTAGE OF RECEPTORS
Must have AFFINITY
ALL receptors occupied=MAXIMUM effect

A

Hypothesis of Clark

36
Q

Effectiveness last as long as the receptor is OCCUPIED

A

Occupation theory
Hypothesis of Ariens and Stephenson

37
Q

Effectiveness does not depend in occupation but on the ATTACHMENT of the drug

A

Hypothesis of Paton
Rate theory

38
Q

The most COMMON
FIT into the receptor

A

Lock and key hypothesis

39
Q

Drug will BIND to the ACTIVE SITE of protein

A

Target-protein meditate

40
Q

Proteins/biomolecules that form CELL FRAMEWORK/CYTOSKELETON

A

Structural proteins
Example mitotic agents

41
Q

Ability to REGULATE cellular activity or function

A

Regulatory proteins

42
Q

Conduct changes in ELECTRICAL SIGNALS
Movement of IONS

A

Voltage-gated channels

43
Q

Cell membrane proteins with SPECIFIC BINDING SITES which undergo conformational changes
Movement of IONS (SPECIFIC)

44
Q

Biological CATALYSTS

45
Q

What receptors have TRANSPORTERS

A

Ligand-gated ion channel

46
Q

Role of ligand-gated ion channel

A

REGULATE movement of IONS and produce action

47
Q

Gs
Gi
Gq

A

Stimulatory to adenylyl cyclase = increase camp
Inhibitory = decrease
Releases phospholipase c = release of calcium in SR

48
Q

What is the receptor involved
Gs
Gi
Gq

A

B1 Tachycardia
M2 Bradycardia
A2 Contraction

49
Q

Role of G-protein coupled or Metabotropic

A

REGULATE activity of ENZYMES

50
Q

Role of enzyme linked

A

Binds with RNA POLYMERASE and REGULATE expression of HORMONES

51
Q

Regulates movement of calcium

A

Parathyroid hormone

52
Q

Example of an ADH

A

Vasopressin

53
Q

Role of gene transcription

A

Cell growth and differentiation

54
Q

No relationship towards drug and protein mechanism

A

Non target-protein mediated

55
Q

What non target-protein is MANNITOL

A

Colligative mechanism

56
Q

What non target-protein are ANTACIDS

A

Direct chemical
Acid-base neutralization

57
Q

What non target-protein are ANTIDOTES

A

Direct chemical
Complexation/Chelation

Biopharmaceutics (3 decks)

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