Pharmacodynamics

Question 1

Study of detailed MECHANISM OF ACTION by which drugs produce their pharmacologic effects

Answer 1

Pharmacodynamics

Question 2

Pharmacodynamics is the relationship between

Answer 2

Drug concentration
Site of action

Question 3

Receptors are also known as

Answer 3

Substrates

Question 4

Specific molecules in a biological system with which DRUGS INTERACT to produce change

Answer 4

Receptors

Question 5

It is the BIOLOGIC SITE of action

Answer 5

Receptors

Question 6

Are receptors selective or non-selective

Answer 6

Selective

Question 7

Ability of the drug molecule to BIND

Answer 7

Affinity

Question 8

Ability of the drug to GENERATE AN IMPULSE

Answer 8

Intrinsic activity

Question 9

It is the CAPACITY TO BIND
Have AFFINITY and INTRINSIC activity

Answer 9

Agonist

Question 10

Capable of FULLY ACTIVATING the effector organ
Produce ALL EXPECTED EFFECTS

Answer 10

Full agonist

Question 11

Example of full agonist

Answer 11

Opioids-morphine

Question 12

Produce LESS THAN FULL effect when receptors are saturated
Acts as ANTAGONIST with full agonist

Answer 12

Partial agonist

Question 13

Have more AFFINITY to the INACTIVE SITE

Answer 13

Inverse agonist

Question 14

Example of partial agonist

Answer 14

Tramadol
Bucrenorphine

Question 15

Example of inverse agonist

Answer 15

Benzodiazepine

Question 16

Roles of receptors

Answer 16

Determine quantitative relationship of drug dose concentration and pharmacologic effects
Responsible for selectivity of drug action
Meditate actions of pharmacologic effect

Question 17

Has affinity WITHOUT intrinsic activity

Answer 17

Antagonist

Question 18

2 agonists in DIFFERENT receptors=opposite effects

Answer 18

Physiological antagonism

Question 19

Physiological antagonism has no

Answer 19

Direct effect

Question 20

Example of physiological antagonism

Answer 20

Epinephrine during anaphylaxis

Question 21

2 drugs to SAME receptor

Answer 21

Pharmacologic antagonism

Question 22

Example of pharmacologic antagonism

Answer 22

Dobutamine and propanolol

Question 23

INACTIVATION due to chemical interaction

Answer 23

Chemical antagonism

Question 24

Example of chemical antagonism

Answer 24

Heparin overdose- Protamine sulfate
Dimercaprol- Lead poisoning

Question 25

A British anti lewisite

Answer 25

Dimercaprol

Question 26

ALTERATION of pharmacokinetic parameters

Answer 26

Dispositional or pharmacokinetic interaction

Question 27

Example of dispositional or pharmacokinetic interaction

Answer 27

Activated charcoal and ipecac for poisoning

Question 28

Antagonist binds in NON-COVALENT LINKS

Answer 28

Reversible-competitive

Question 29

Example of reversible antagonism

Answer 29

Naloxone Flumazenil

Question 30

Antagonist binds in COVALENT LINKS

Answer 30

Irreversible/non-competitive

Question 31

Aspirin is irreversible inhibitor of Organophosphate is irreversible inhibitor of Prasugrel is irreversible inhibitor of

Answer 31

COX Acetylcholinesterase P2Y12 receptors

Question 32

Agonist in high concentrations can DISPLACE

Answer 32

Competitive antagonism

Question 33

August in high concentrations CANNOT DISPLACE

Answer 33

Non-competitive

Question 34

Hypothesis of Clark follows what law

Answer 34

Law of mass action

Question 35

The pharmacological effect friends on the PERCENTAGE OF RECEPTORS Must have AFFINITY ALL receptors occupied=MAXIMUM effect

Answer 35

Hypothesis of Clark

Question 36

Effectiveness last as long as the receptor is OCCUPIED

Answer 36

Occupation theory Hypothesis of Ariens and Stephenson

Question 37

Effectiveness does not depend in occupation but on the ATTACHMENT of the drug

Answer 37

Hypothesis of Paton Rate theory

Question 38

The most COMMON FIT into the receptor

Answer 38

Lock and key hypothesis

Question 39

Drug will BIND to the ACTIVE SITE of protein

Answer 39

Target-protein meditate

Question 40

Proteins/biomolecules that form CELL FRAMEWORK/CYTOSKELETON

Answer 40

Structural proteins Example mitotic agents

Question 41

Ability to REGULATE cellular activity or function

Answer 41

Regulatory proteins

Question 42

Conduct changes in ELECTRICAL SIGNALS Movement of IONS

Answer 42

Voltage-gated channels

Question 43

Cell membrane proteins with SPECIFIC BINDING SITES which undergo conformational changes Movement of IONS (SPECIFIC)

Answer 43

Carriers

Question 44

Biological CATALYSTS

Answer 44

Enzymes

Question 45

What receptors have TRANSPORTERS

Answer 45

Ligand-gated ion channel

Question 46

Role of ligand-gated ion channel

Answer 46

REGULATE movement of IONS and produce action

Question 47

Gs Gi Gq

Answer 47

Stimulatory to adenylyl cyclase = increase camp Inhibitory = decrease Releases phospholipase c = release of calcium in SR

Question 48

What is the receptor involved Gs Gi Gq

Answer 48

B1 Tachycardia M2 Bradycardia A2 Contraction

Question 49

Role of G-protein coupled or Metabotropic

Answer 49

REGULATE activity of ENZYMES

Question 50

Role of enzyme linked

Answer 50

Binds with RNA POLYMERASE and REGULATE expression of HORMONES

Question 51

Regulates movement of calcium

Answer 51

Parathyroid hormone

Question 52

Example of an ADH

Answer 52

Vasopressin

Question 53

Role of gene transcription

Answer 53

Cell growth and differentiation

Question 54

No relationship towards drug and protein mechanism

Answer 54

Non target-protein mediated

Question 55

What non target-protein is MANNITOL

Answer 55

Colligative mechanism

Question 56

What non target-protein are ANTACIDS

Answer 56

Direct chemical Acid-base neutralization

Question 57

What non target-protein are ANTIDOTES

Answer 57

Direct chemical Complexation/Chelation