pharmaceutical and chemical industry Flashcards
List six major products/categories of applied microbiology, stating one example of
a microorganism and its associated product from the category
what is an antibiotic
compounds produced by microorganisms to inhibit the growth of other microorganisms
state and outline the method used to screen antibiotics.
the cross streak method
1 spread a soil dilution on the plate
2. incubate
3. overlay with an incubator organism and incubate
4. streak suspected antibiotic producer across on side of the plate
5. incubate to permit growth and antibiotic
6. cross streak with test microorganism
7. incubate to permit test microorganism growth.
5 bacteria with the ability to produce antibiotics and the name of the the antibiotic
bacitracin- bacillus licheniformis
erythromycin - streptomyces erythreus
penicillin- penicillin chrysogenum
streptomycin- streptomyces griseus
lincomycin- streptomyces lincolnensis
which bacteria produces a human protein and name the protein
human insulin produced by a recombinant E.coli strain
which bacteria produces vitamin B-112
Propionibacterium
freudenreichii and Pseudomonas denitrificans
how is riboflavin of vitamin B2 produced
It is a by-product of acetone-butanol fermentation and
is produced by various Clostridium sp
amino acids and the bacteria that produces them
lysine- Brevibacterium flavum
glutamic acid - Corynebacterium glutamicum, Brevibacterium sp
aspartic acid and phenylalanine- Brevibacterium
and Corynebacterium
(aspartame)
gluconic acid- Acetobacter sp (bacteria) Penicillium and Aspergillus sp
fungi used commercially
for production gluconic acid Penicillium and
Aspergillus sp
amino acids and their uses
glutamic acid as a flavour enhancer in msg
aspartic acid and phenylalanine (aspartame) sweetners
lysine used for human and animal feed
which bacteria produces lactic acid and list 5 uses
produced by lactobacillus sp
* Preservatives in foods
* In leather industry for deliming hides
* Textile industry for fabric treatment
* Various forms of lactic acid have been used in resins, plastics,
electroplating
* Making baking powder
* Animal feed supplements
* Dairy products
sorbose is used in the production of
Sorbose is used in the manufacture of
ascorbic acid (vitamin C)
what are proteases
class of enzymes that attack the peptide bonds of
protein molecules, forming small peptides
commercial use of proteases
e laundry industry, principally in making
detergents
what is an advantage of using proteases in detergents
the use of non-phosphate
laundry detergents that function at lower wash
temperatures has led to increasing incorporation of
enzymes into liquid and powdered detergents to
improve their cleaning performance
