pharma quiz 3 Flashcards
Before administering medication, the nurse must
have?
- Current license to practice
- Clear policy statement authorizing the act
- Signed medication order
-Understanding of rationale for drug use - Understanding of drug action, dosing, dilution, route
and rate of administration, common and serious
adverse effects, and contraindications
enteral administration
through your GI tract
what is the fastest route of medication ?
IV or IM is the fastest usually takes about 20-30 min to be affective.
Capsules
-Small, cylindrical gelatin containers used to administer
unpleasant-tasting medications
-Timed-release capsules provide gradual and continuous release of a drug.
medication by PO
takes about 60 minutes to be effective.
Orally disintegrating tablets:
Rapidly dissolve on tongue within seconds.
Elixirs:
Drugs dissolved in water and alcohol
Emulsions:
Dispersions of small droplets of
water in oil or small droplets of oil in water
Suspensions
Liquid dose forms that contain
solid, insoluble drug particles dispersed in a
liquid base (shake before using)
Liquid suspensions;
syrups
administration of oral medication
Common methods used to
administer oral medications
◦ Unit-dose packaging: Provides
a single dose
◦ Soufflé cups
◦ Medicine cups: Read at eye
level
◦ Medicine droppers
◦ Teaspoons
◦ Oral syringes: Plastic syringes
calibrated and used to
measure liquid medications
◦ Nipples with additional holes:
Used for infants
Administration of Oral Medications
Capsules—small, cylindrical gelatin containers used to administer unpleasant-tasting medications
-Timed-release capsules—provide gradual and continuous release of a drug
Lozenges—flat disks in a flavored base
Tablets—powdered drugs that have been compressed
-Oral doses are safe, convenient, and economical.
-Timed-released capsules should never be broken apart because this can affect the absorption rate.
Ex. Cebocall (lozenges)
-patient teaching
Administration of Oral Medications (cont.)
Orally disintegrating tablets—rapidly dissolve on tongue within seconds
Elixirs—drugs dissolved in water and alcohol
Liquid suspensions, syrups
-Orally administered disintegrating tablets may be used for rapid onset of action, or for patients who have difficulty swallowing and for patients who attempt to avoid ingesting medications.
-Elixirs are used primarily when a drug will not dissolve in water.
Exlixrs- no children or people who have problems with substance abuse problems or people who can have alcohol
Liquid combinations of meds arythramiasions
Administration of Oral Medications (cont..)
Common methods used to administer oral medications
-Unit-dose packaging—provides a single dose
-Soufflé cups
-Medicine cups—read at eye level
-Medicine droppers
-Teaspoons
-Oral syringes—plastic syringes calibrated and used to measure liquid medications
-Nipples with additional holes—used for infants
Unit-dose provides a barcode for electronic charting and inventory control.
Within the metric system, 1 teaspoon is equal to 5 mL.
The size of the home teaspoon varies; use of a measuring teaspoon used in baking is recommended when taking liquid medications at home.
-mL and cc same
-Teaspoon 5mL
-1 ounce = 30 ml
Which form of liquid medication contains a base of alcohol?
Elixirs
Administration of Solid-Form Oral Medications
Two techniques for administering medications
-Electronic controlled distribution
-Unit-dose distribution
Perform premedication assessment in all cases
-The seven rights help decrease medication errors and promote patient safety.
-Other assessments that must be checked before medication administration may include patient parameters such as apical pulses, respiratory rates, blood pressure, and laboratory values.
Respitory rates, blood pressure, laborarory values
what are the 7 rights ?All techniques follow the seven rights.
-RIGHT patient
-RIGHT drug
-RIGHT indication
-RIGHT route
-RIGHT dose
-RIGHT time
-RIGHT documentation
The seven rights help decrease medication errors and promote patient safety
Administration of Solid-
Form Oral Medications:
Principles apply to all distribution systems
-Give the most important medications first
-Do not touch the medication with your hands
-Encourage liquid intake to ensure swallowing
-Remain with patient while medication is taken; DO NOT leave the medication at bedside unless an order to do so exists
Discard the medication container
-Never dilute a medication without specific instructions.
Provide complete documentation of administration and responses to therapy
-If documentation is not complete, the patient could receive an additional dose of medication.
Regularly record patient assessments to evaluate therapeutic
effectiveness.
-Chart date, time, drug name, dosage, and route of administration.
-Chart and report any sign of adverse effects
-Perform and validate essential education about drug therapy and other aspects of intervention for the individual
-Documentation ensures that medications are provided as ordered and prevents duplication of drug administration.
-It is especially important to observe for adverse events during administration of the first few doses of a new medication.
-Nurses must verify that the patient understands the reasons for his or her medications at the time of administration.
Unit dose drug distribution system?
The use of single dose packages of drugs dispensed to fill each dose requirement as it is ordered.
If you’re a nurse what must the nurse have before administration medication ? SATA
What must the nurse have before administering any medication?(SATA-4)
a. a licence to practice
b. client diagnoses
c. knowledge of the med
- current license
- med order signed by MD
- knowledge of medication
- knowledge of client’s diagnosis
which statement is true regarding a computerized prescriber order entry?
Review of all medication for potential drug interactions is included.
pyxis systems refers to which type of drug dose system?
electronic medical dispensing
If you find out medication wasn’t delivered by the nurse before you what do you do?
incident report
The nurse administrators an order of valium 10ml IV STAT How do you interpret this ? SATA
a. stat means immediately
b. One time order
c. the way the order says “IV”
If you’re not sure about a dosage or its unclear ? Nurses action
Call doctor /call the provider to clarify
If you put a patch on someone ? what do you do? SATA
a. Date
b. time
c. dosage
d.initials of person administering it
