Pharma A/p/g/g Flashcards
1
Q
Medications that may trigger Psoriasis
A
- Lithium
- Beta-blockers
- antimalarials
- angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor
- NSAIDs
2
Q
Hydrating Agents
A
- Water-in-oil prep
- oatmeal products
- ointments
3
Q
Anti-pruitics
A
- Antihistamines 1st Gen
- Antidepressants
4
Q
Calcineurin Inhibitors
A
- Cyclosporine
- Voclosporine
- Tacrolimus
- Pimecrolimus
5
Q
Anti-TNF Drugs
A
- Entanercept
- Infliximab
- Adalimumab
- Certolizumab pegol
- Golimumab
6
Q
Cyclosporine
A
- suppress t-cell activation
- inhibit transcription of IL-2
- inhibit production of cytokines
- immunosuppression
- Nephrotoxic, Cancer risk
7
Q
Tazarotene
A
- relative selectivity for RARb and RARg
- inhibit keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation
8
Q
Mycophenolate
A
- inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase
- inhibit proliferation of T- and B- lymphocytes
9
Q
Calcipotriene
A
- slows skin cell growth
- synthetic vitamin D3
10
Q
SE
Calcipotriene
A
- skin irritation, sting, burn
- Less common: dry skin, peeling, rash, dermatitis, worsening of psoriasis
11
Q
Anthralin
A
- reduces rapid growth of skin cells associated with plaque psoriasis
12
Q
Alefacept
A
- Binds to CD2 and inhibit leukocyte function antigen 3 and CD2 interaction
- Prevent antigen binding and T-cell activation
- Destroys T-lymph causing plaque
- increase activity of NK cells
13
Q
SE
Alefacept
A
- Sore throat, dizziness, cough, nausea, itch, muscle pain, chill
- injection site pain/ swelling
- Serious: lymphopenia, infection, cancer, allergic rxn
- Hepatic: elevate AST/ALT, fatty infiltrate, hepatitis
- avoid if blood lymphocyte < 250/ml
14
Q
IL-2
A
Necessary for T-cell activation
15
Q
Calcineurin inhibitors
A
- bind to immunophilins
- blocks effect of calcineurin
- leads to reduced IL-2 and T-cell prolif
16
Q
Tacrolimus
A
- indicated for moderate to severe atopic dermatitis
- children > 2 y.o. (0.03%)
- nephrotoxic, hemato/oncological
17
Q
Pimecrolimus
A
- mild atopic dermatitis
- > 2 y.o.
- Nephrotoxic, neospasms/infection
18
Q
Acitretin
A
- transcription regulator
- reduce keratinocytes differentiation
- slows cell reproduction
- reduce epidermal hyperplasia
19
Q
Target
TNF-alpha
A
- Certolizumab pegol
- entanercept
- adalimumab
- infliximab
- golimumab
20
Q
Target
IL-12 and 23
A
Ustekinumab
21
Q
Target
IL-23
A
- tildrakizumab
- guselkumab
- ## risankizumab
22
Q
Target
IL-17
A
- secukinumab
- ixekizumab
23
Q
SE
Ustekinumab
A
- prevent T-cell activation
- NVD, headache, tiredness
- Upper resp. infection
- flu symptoms
- ulcer, syncope, body pain/swell
- cerebal edema
- allergic rxn
24
Q
Interferon-gamma
A
- produced by activated lymphocytes
- antiviral activity
- immunoregulatory fuction
- In psoriasis, effects are absent
25
Q
IL-17
A
- induced by IL-23
- Pro-inflammatory cytokine
- acts synergistically with TNF-a and IL-1
- potent mediator in delayed-type rxn
- recruits monocytes and neutrophils
26
Q
IL-17A blocker
Antibody that binds to inflammation-causing protein
A
- ixekizumab
- brodalumab
- secukinumab
27
Q
IL-17A Blocker
Antibody against IL-17A
A
- secukinumab
28
Q
Guselkumab
A
- selectively inhibits IL-23
- supress inflammatory and immune response
29
Q
SE
Guselkumab
A
- NVD, headache, stomach flu
- Upper resp. infection, fungal skin infection, herpes simplex infection
- Inj site rxn
- joint pain
30
Q
TYK2 Inhibitor
Deucravacitinib
A
- selective to TYK2 pathway
- fewer risks
- inhibit immune response and inflammatory proteins
31
Q
SE
Deucravacitinib
A
- NVD, fever, sweat, chill, muscle pain
- SoB, stomach pain
- Frequent/painful urination
- Painful skin/ sores
32
Q
Inhibition of PDE4
A
- increase cAMP, activate PKA
- PKA inhibits Nuclear factor of activated cells
33
Q
Apremilast
A
- PDE4 inhibitor
- reduce TNF-a, upregulate IL-10
34
Q
SE
Apremilast
A
- Headache, back pain, fatigue
- NVD
- URI, nasopharyngitis
- serious: weight loss, severe NVD, depression, suicidal tendencies
35
Q
Medication that trigger acne
A
- anabolic steroids
- sex steroids
- corticosteroids
- Isoniazids
- Lithium
- Phenytoin
- oral contraceptives
36
Q
Mild Acne
A
- gentle cleanse
- benzoyl peroxide
- Low conc. SA
37
Q
Moderate- Severe Acne
A
- Benzoyl peroxide
- Draining large pimples
- topical antibiotics
- Retinoids
- Azelaic acid
38
Q
Retinoic Acid
A
- increase proliferation of cells
- follicle epithelial turnover
- decrease in microcomedones
- shedding of corneocytes
39
Q
Topical Retinoid SE
A
- dryness and irritation
- skin color change
- photosensitivity
- red, swelling, crusting, blistering, eruptions
- teratogenic
40
Q
Azelaic acid
A
- treat rosacea and severe acne
- competitive inhibitor of mitochondrial oxidoreductases
- bacteriostatic
- anti-keratinizing
41
Q
SE
Azelaic acid
A
- burning feeling
- peeling skin
- dryness, redness
- Rare: blister/flaking of skin, iriitation + swelling, tightness/pain in joints, hives, fever, difficulty breathing
42
Q
Dapsone
A
- blocks complex that forms folate
- decrease in folate availability
43
Q
Tetracycline
A
- block access of amino TRNA complex
44
Q
Erythromycin / Azithromycin
A
- blocks translocation
45
Q
SMTH-TMP
A
- blocks PABA
46
Q
Clindamycin
A
- Blocks peptide synthesis
47
Q
Gout
Probenecid SE
A
- GI irritation
- Allergic dermatitis
- nephrotic syndrome
- anemia
48
Q
Allopurinol SE
A
- exacerbate acute gouty attack
- GI distress
- neuritis
- hepatotoxic, interstitial nephritis
- Rare: necrotising vasculitis, marrow depression, SJS, cataracts
49
Q
Febuxostat SE
A
- NVD
- rash
- arthralgia
- increased LFT’s
50
Q
Pegloticase SE
A
- gout flare
- nephrothiasis
- NVD
- rash
- upper respiratory infection
- dizziness, anemia, fatigue, hypertension
- Delayed uticarial injection site rxn
51
Q
Lesinurad SE
A
- NVD, headache, increased creatinine, GERD, influenza
- BBW, risk of renal failure
52
Q
(-olol)
Beta-blockers SE
may develop tolerance
A
- ocular stinging
- redness, photophobia, dry eyes
- uveitis
- ocular inflammation
53
Q
Adrenergic agonist (epinephrine, dipivifrin)
A
- headache, tachycardia, arrythmias
- HTN,
- anxiety, tremor, sweating nervousness
54
Q
ALPHA 2 ADRENERGIC AGONIST
Apraclonidine
Brimonidine
A
- dryness
- ocular irritation
- headache, fatigue, sedation
- Risk: dizziness, Hypotension
55
Q
(-zolamide)
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor SE
A
- NVD, metallic taste, cramps, GI distress
- malaise, fatiue, weight loss,
- decreased libido, anorexia
- renal stone, renal failure, metabolic acidosis
- depression, dementia
56
Q
Cholinergic Agonist
A
- ocular (varied)
- systemic: HTN, NVD, tachycardia, bronchospasm, pulmonary edema,
- CI: asthma, retinal detachment, bradycardia, parkingson’s, heart failure, epilepsy
57
Q
(-prost)
Prostaglandin Analogs SE
A
- mild burning, hyperemia, itching
- blurred vision, eye pain/discomfort
- Darker eye pigmentation
- thicker eyelashes
58
Q
Lanoprostene Bunod
A
- eye redness + discharge, eye irritation, eye pain
- change in lashes, pain upon instilling drops
