pharma Flashcards
Beta lactam family (destruction of cell wall)
work on beta lactam ring of the cell wall
➔Penicillins
➔Cephalosporins
➔Carbapenems = imipenem + meropenem
➔Monobactam = Aztreonam
Trimethoprim
Sulfonamides
(Folic acid metabolism inhibitors)
Important drug called
TMP
SMX
combination of 2 medications that inhibit
2
steps in the folic acid metabolism pathway
Important
adverse effect of such antibiotics=
folate deficiency ➔ macrocytic megaloblastic
anemia
DNA gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors=
fluroquinolones (floxacin)
target the DNA ➔ inhibit
important bacterial enzymes called DNA gyrase +
topoisomerase IV.
These enzymes are essential for bacteria to replicate,
repair, and manage their DNA
mRNA synthesis inhibitors=
- rifampin/rifampicin
- AE: red body fluids = red tears, red
urine, …
- RIPE for TB an AE:
R= Rifampin ➔ AE: red body fluids = red tears, red
urine, …
I= Isoniazid = INH ➔ AE: vitamin B6 deficiency ➔ leading
to peripheral neuropathy + sideroblastic anemia
P=Pyrazinamide ➔ AE: hepatotoxicity
E=Ethambutol ➔ AE: optic neuropathy (red green color
blindness, same AE of Sildenafil = Viagra
Inhibiting the 50 S unit
Macrolides
Clindamycin
Chloramphenicol
Inhibiting the 30 S unit
Aminoglycosides
Tetracyclines
cephalosporins 1st generation
peta lactam group
-1st generation:(cefa)
cefazolin,cephalxin,cefadroxil
for gram +
cephalosporins 2nd generation
2 furry foxes tan faces like pros
cefuroxime,cefoxitin,cefotetan,cefaclor,cefprozil
for gram -/+
3rd generation cephalosporins
ceftriaxone, cefpodoxime,cefixime,cefdinir,ceftazidime,cefotaxime
for gram -
4th generation cephalosporins
cefepime
for gram - and pseudomonas
5th generation cephalosporins
ceftolozane,ceftaroline
for MRSA
organisms not covered by cephalosporins
LAME
Listeria(penicillin)
Atypical bacteria(macrolides/tetracycline)
MRSA
Enterococcus (penicillin+aminoglycosides or vanco
Augmentin
Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid
beta lactamase inhipitors
CSTAR
clavulanic acid
sulbactam
tazobactam
avibactam
relebactam
pseudomonas coverage
MAFIA PCC
Meropenem
Aztreonam
Fluroquinolones (not moxi)
Imipenem
Aminoglycosides
Piperacillin/tazopactam
Cefepime
Ceftazidime
vancomycin side effect
TONR
Thrombophlepitis
Ototoxicity
Nephrotoxicity
Red man syndrome
aminoglycosides
TANG
Tobramycin
Amikacin
Neomycin
Gentamicin
Streptomycin
aminoglycosides side effect
NANO
Neurotoxicity
Allergic reactions
Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
macrolides toxicity
MACRO
Motility issues
Arrhythmia caused by prolonged QT
acute Cholestatic hepatitis
Rash,Reversible deafness (high dose)
sOsinophilia
drug induced long QT
ABCDE
antiArrhythmic(class 1a,3)
antiBiotics(macrolides)
antiCychotics(haloperidol)
antiDepressants(TCAs)
antiEmetics (ondansetron
teratogenic drugs
- Aminoglycosides
-Tetracyclines
-Methimazole
-Ace inhibitors+ARBs
-warfarin
-lithium
-methotrexate
-carbamazepine
