Pharm Week 3

Question 1

What is a known drug-herb interaction?

Answer 1

St. john’s wort induces drug-metabolizing enzymes and reduces the blood levels of many drugs

Question 2

Which individual is at the highest risk for a drug-drug interaction?
a) a toddler who is prescribed two antibiotics for a serious infection
b) an adolescent who takes over the counter medications for menstrual cramping
c) an adult who takes eight prescription medications for a chronic condition
d) an older adult who takes two prescription meds and a dietary supplement for anxiety

Answer 2

C

Question 3

what is the effect of grapefruit juice on the body with drugs ?

Answer 3

grapefruit juice can inhibit the metabolism of certain drugs which raises the blood levels

Question 4

What is the timing for administering a drug on an empty stomach?

Answer 4

either 1 hour before or 2 hours after eating

Question 5

Examples of nursing medication errors:

Answer 5

wrong rate, wrong time, wrong dose, wrong fluid, wrong drug, wrong route, wrong patient

Question 6

What liver enzymes will be elevated when liver cells are injured ?

Answer 6

Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase

Question 7

Who is most at risk for adverse drug reactions?

Answer 7

Older adults, very young, patients with severe illness, those who are taking multiple drugs

Question 8

How many half lives does it take to reach plateau ?

Answer 8

4 half lives

Question 9

How long does it take for the drug to leave the body after the discontinuation of the drug ?

Answer 9

4 half lives

Question 10

What is an idiosyncratic effect?

Answer 10

an uncommon drug response resulting from a genetic predisposition

Question 11

What is a paradoxical effect?

Answer 11

When an effect is the opposite of the intended drug response

Question 12

What is a iatrogenic disease?

Answer 12

disease that occurs as the result of medical care or treatment ( a disease produced by drugs )

Question 13

What is the carcinogenic effect?

Answer 13

The ability of certain medications and environmental chemicals to cause cancers

Question 14

What is a teratogenic effect?

Answer 14

A drug- induced birth defect

Question 15

Questions to ask when identifying adverse drug reactions

Answer 15

1)Did symptoms appear shortly after the drug was first used ?
2) Did symptoms abate when the drug was discontinued ?
3) Did symptoms reappear when the drug was reinstituted?
4) Is the illness itself sufficient enough to explain the event?
5) Are other drugs in the regimen sufficient to explain the event ?

Question 16

What are the 10 rights of medication administration ?

Answer 16

1) Right patient
2) Right medication
3) Right dose
4) Right route
5) Right time
6) Right patient education
7) Right documentation
8) Right to refuse
9) Right assessment
10) Right evaluation