Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Dermatology 1 > Pharm: Topical Corticosteroids > Flashcards

Pharm: Topical Corticosteroids Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Ointments

A

-water in oil -good lubricant -facilitate heat retention (never put on burns) -decreased water loss -semi-occlusive (enhances drug penetration and absorption) -most potent** vehicle (b/c its occlusive) -best for dry/thick, hyperkeratotic lesions -avoid hairy and intertriginous areas -greasy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cream

A

-oil in water -can be washed off w/ water -good lubricating qualities -vanish into skin -less potent than ointment but more than lotions -good for exudative inflammation and intertriginous areas -no occlusive properties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

lotions/aerosols/solutions

A

-least greasy and occlusive -good for hairy and large areas -penetrate easy and leave little residue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

foams

A

-pressurized collections of gaseous bubbles in liquid film -spread readily and easy to apply -good for inflammed skin and scalp dermatoses -cosmetically acceptable -depend on vehicle delivery (expensive)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

gels

A

-oil in water with alcohol in the base (evaporate quickly) -they dry in a thin, greaseless, nonstaining film -efficient for hairy areas and acne -dry quickly and can be applied to scalp -best for exudative inflammation -helpful for drying of oozing lesions (as long as not broken skin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

purpose of an occlusive dressing

A

increase steroid absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Know this chart

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

contraindications to topical steroids

A
  • acne vulgaris
  • scabies
  • warts
  • fungal infections
  • viral infections
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

factors that effect the degree of absorption of topical steroids

A
  • skin integrity: absorbed more at areas of inflammation and desquamation
  • pts age: more readily through infants skin
  • vehicle used
  • use of occlusive dressing
  • the area of body on which it is applied: thin skin more permeable than thick
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which group of steroids is the most potent and the least potent?

A
  • group 1 = most potent
  • group 7 = least potent
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

super high potent topical steroids

A

clobestasol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

high potency (group 2) steroids

A

halcinonide (halog 0.1%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

high potentcy (group 3) steroid

A

triamcinolone acetonide 0.5% cream or ointment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

medium potentcy (group 4) steroid

A

triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% cream or ointment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

low potency (group 5) steroid

A

flucocinolone acetonide 0.01% solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the least potent topical steroid?

A

hydrocortisone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

when is the best time to apply topical steroids?

A

to moist skin

18
Q

what is the appropriate frequency of application of topical steroid?

A

no more than twice daily (using it more often doesn’t increase effectiveness, just risk of toxicity)

19
Q

areas of the body that are most susceptible to steroid ADRs

A
  • occluded areas
  • thin skinned areas (face and flexures)
20
Q

vulnerable populations to steroid ADRs

A
  • children
  • eldery
  • pts w/ liver failure
  • pts who use the highest potency preps for longer than 2 weeks
21
Q

treatment duration w/ a topical steroid

A
  • super high potentcy: should not exceed 3 weeks if possible
  • high/med potentcy: rarely cause ADRs if used < 6-8 weeks
  • facial, intertriginous, and genital dermatoses should be treated for 1-2 week intervals
22
Q

explain intermittent topical steroid therapy

A
  • twice weekly
  • may be effective for maintaining long term dz control
23
Q

tapering after short course of steroids

A
  • dc topical steroids when skin condition resolves
  • avoid rebound skin condition by tapering topical tx w/ gradual reduction of potency and frequency at 2-week intervals
24
Q

use of topical steroids in children

A
  • lower potency (groupe 4-7) for short durations
  • avoid using potent or super potent topical steroids in children < 12 except for very severe inflammatory dermatoses
  • avoid use on face, intertriginous or other thin skinned areas
  • use only once daily
  • do not use longer than 2 weeks
25
Q

use during pregnancy and lactation

A
  • mild or moderate instead of potent/super potent for pregnant women
  • if potent are needed, keep at min. dose and monitor fetal growth
  • unknown if steroid are secreted in breast milk; don’t apply to nipples
26
Q

epidermal / dermal atrophy

A
  • usually reversible
  • thin skin areas most vulnerable
27
Q

telangiectasia

A
28
Q

striae

A
  • occur MC in cubital and popliteal fossa, groin, axillary and inner thigh
  • usually permanent
29
Q

purpura

A

-red or purple discolored spots that don’t blanch

30
Q

hypopigmentation

A
  • primarily a problem of dark skinned pts
  • generally reversible
31
Q

acneiform eruption

A

-may be induced by prolonged use of topical steroids

32
Q

factors associated w/ systemic absoprtion and ADR w/ topical steroid use

A
  • significant hypothalamic pituitary axis suppression
  • systemic absorption –> adrenal suppression
  • cushingoid features (rarely)
33
Q

nonpharmacologic interventions to decrease pruritus

A
  • skin moisturiation
  • gentle cleansers during bathing: dove, olay, cetaphil
  • apply emollients to skin daily
  • avoidance of excessive and agressive skin washing
  • use a humidifier
34
Q

topical products that can be used to decrease puritis

A
  • corticosteroids
  • topical capsaicin
  • calcineurin inhibitors
  • anesthetics
  • astringents
  • calamine
  • colloidal oatmeal
35
Q

CIs to self tx of a corn or callus

A
  • DM
  • peropheral circulatory dz or other medical conditions that contraindicates use of foot care products
  • lesions that are oozing or bleeding
  • anatomic defect or fault in body weight distribution
  • extensive or painful, debilitating corn or calluses
  • proper but unsuccessful self-tx attempt
  • hx of RA and complaint of painful metatarsal heads or deviation of great toe
36
Q

CIs to the use of salicyclic acid in treating corns and calluses

A
  • irritated, infected, reddened, or broken skin
  • moles, birthmarks, warts w/ hair
  • DM or poor blood circulation
  • warts on face, mucous membranes or genital warts
  • avoid in pregant / breastfeeding women
37
Q

patient education needed to decrease or prevent the spread of HPV virus for warts

A
  • avoid cutting, shaving or picking at warts
  • wash hands before and after treating or touching them
  • use designated towel to dry warts (a wart towel, if you will)
  • avoid transmissions to other: avoid sharing towels, razors, socks, shoes
  • keep wart covered and don’t go barefoot
38
Q

tx duration w/ salicylic acid in the tx of warts

A

should not exceed 12 weeks

39
Q

mechanism of cryotherapy for warts

A
  • freezing causes intracellular ice crystals, microthrombi formation leading to ischemic necrosis and destruction of the HPV infected keratinocytes
  • also causes local inflammation that may clear the wart through a cell-mediated process
  • a blister forms under wart and will fall off after 10 days
40
Q
A

Dermatology 1 (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions