Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Exam 2 > Pharm ?s > Flashcards

Pharm ?s Flashcards

1
Q

*Anticholinergics may be ordered for which conditions? (SATA)

a. peptic ulcer disease
b. bradycardia
c. decreased sexual function
d. irritable bowel syndrome
e. urine retention

A

a, b, d

a. peptic ulcer disease
b. bradycardia
d. irritable bowel syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

*Which factor in the patient’s history would cause the nurse to question a medication order for atropine?

a. a 32yo M with a history of drug abuse
b. a 65yo M with benign prostatic hyperplasia
c. an 8yo boy with chronic tonsillitis
d. a 22yo F one the second day of her menstrual cycle

A

b. a 65yo M with benign prostatic hyperplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

*Older adult patients taking bethanechol (Urecholine) need to be assessed more frequently because of which adverse effect?

a. tachycardia
b. hypertension
c. dizziness
d. urinary retention

A

c. dizziness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The patient taking benztropine (Congentin) should be provided education on methods to manage which common adverse effect?

a. heartburn
b. constipation
c. hypothermia
d. increased gastric motility

A

b. constipation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The patient or caregiver of a patient taking neostigmine (Prostigmin) should be taught to be observant for which adverse effect that may signal a possible overdose has occurred?

a. excessive sweating, salivation, drooling
b. extreme constipation
c. hypertension and tachycardia
d. excessive dry eyes and reddened sclera

A

a. excessive sweating, salivation, drooling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Following administration of phenylephrine (NeoSyneprhine), the nurse would assess for which adverse drug effects?

a. insomnia, nervousness, hypertension
b. nausea, vomiting, hypotension
c. dry mouth, drowsiness, dyspnea
d. increased bronchial secretions, hypotension, bradycardia

A

a. insomnia, nervousness, hypertension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A patient is started on atenolol (Tenormin). Which is the most important action to be included in the plan of care for this patient related to this medication?

a. monitor apical pulse and BP
b. elevate head of bed during meals
c. take medication after meals
d. consume foods high in potassium

A

a. monitor apical pulse and BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Propanolol (Inderal) has been ordered for a patient with hypertension. Because of adverse effects related to this drug, the nurse would carefully monitor for which adverse effect?

a. bronchodilation
b. tachycardia
c. edema
d. bradycardia

A

d. bradycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The healthcare provider prescribes epinephrine (Adrenalin) for a patient who was stung by several wasps 30 minutes ago and is experiencing an allergic reaction. The nurse knows that the primary purpose of this medication for this patient is to:

a. stop the systemic release of histamine produced by the mast cells
b. counteract the formation of antibodies in response to an invading antigen
c. increase the number of WBCs produced to fight the primary invader
d. increase a declining BP and dilate constricting bronchi associated with anaphylaxis

A

d. increase a declining BP and dilate constricting bronchi associated with anaphylaxis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

To avoid the first-dose phenomenon, the nurse knows that the initial dose of prazosin (Minidress) should be:

a. very low and given at bedtime
b. doubled and given before breakfast
c. the usual dose and given before breakfast
d. usual dose and given immediately after breakfast

A

a. very low and given at bedtime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

*A patient who is taking an adrenergic-blocker for hypertension reports being dizzy when first getting out of bed in the morning. The nurse should advise the patient to:

a. move slowly from the recumbent to the upright position
b. drink a full glass of water before rising to increase vascular circulatory volume
c. avoid sleeping in a prone position
d. stop taking the medication

A

a. move slowly from the recumbent to the upright position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

An 8yo boy is evaluated and diagnosed with absence seizures. He is started on ethosuximide (Zarontin). Which information should the nurse provide the parents?

a. terminate after-school sports activities because they will increase the risk of seizures
b. monitor height and weight to assess that growth is progressing normally
c. fractures may occur, so increase the amount of vitamin D and calcium-rich foods in the diet
d. avoid dehydration with activities and increase fluid intake

A

b. monitor height and weight to assess that growth is progressing normally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

*The nurse is providing education for a 12yo patient with partial seizures currently prescribed valporic acid (Depakene). The nurse will teach the patient and the parents to immediately report which symptom?

a. increasing or severe abdominal pain
b. decreased or foul taste in mouth
c. pruritus and dry skin
d. bone and joint pain

A

a. increasing or severe abdominal pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The nurse is caring for a 72yo patient taking gabapentin (Grails, Horizant, Neurontin) for seizure disorder. Because of this patient’s age, the nurse would establish what care priority related to the drug’s common adverse effects?

a. monitor for dehydration
b. supply nonverbal methods of communication because verbal communication may be impaired
c. increase fluid intake to reduce risk of constipation
d. place the patient on fall precautions and assist with ambulation

A

d. place the patient on fall precautions and assist with ambulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

*A patient has been taking phenytoin (Dilantin) for control of generalized seizures, tonic-clonic type. The patient is admitted to the medical unit with symptoms of nystagmus, confusion, and ataxia. What change in the phenytoin dosage does the nurse anticipate will be made based on these symptoms?

a. dosage will be increased
b. dosage will be decreased
c. dosage will remain unchanged, these are symptoms unrelated to phenytoin
d. dosage will remain unchanged but additional seizure medication may be added

A

b. dosage will be decreased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

*Teaching for a patient receiving carbamazepine (Tegretol) should include instructions that the patient should immediately report which symptom?

a. leg cramping
b. blurred vision
c. lethargy
d. blister-like rash

A

d. blister-like rash

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which of the following medications may be used to treat

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

*Which of the following medications may be used to treat partial seizures? (SATA)

a. phenytoin (Dilantin)
b. valporic acid (Depakene)
c. diazepam (Valium)
d. carbamazepine (Tegretol)
e. ethosuximide (Zarontin)

A

a, b, d,

a. phenytoin (Dilantin)
b. valporic acid (Depakene)
d. carbamazepine (Tegretol)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

*The patient is receiving levodopa-carbidopa for Parkinsonism. Which drug would the nurse expect to be added to the patient’s drug regimen to help control tremors?

a. amantadine (Symmetrel)
b. benztropine (Cogentin)
c. haloperidol (Haldol)
d. donepezil (Aricept)

A

b. benztropine (Cogentin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

*The patient asks what can be expected from the levodopa-carbidopa (Sinemet) he is taking for treatment of Parkinson’s disease. What is the best response by the nurse?

a. “A cure can be expected within 6 months.”
b. “Symptoms can be reduced and the ability to perform ADLs can be improved.”
c. “Disease progression will be stopped.”
d. “Extrapyramidal symptoms will be prevented.”

A

b. “Symptoms can be reduced and the ability to performs ADLs can be improved.”

21
Q

Levodopa-carbidopa/entacapone (Stalevo) is prescribed for a patient with Parkinson’s disease. At discharge, which teaching points should the nurse include?

a. monitor BP every 2hrs for the first 2 weeks
b. report the development of diarrhea
c. take the pill on an empty stomach or two hours after a meal containing protein
d. if tremors seem to worsen, take a double dose for two doses and call the provider

A

c. take the pill on an empty stomach or two hours after a meal containing protein

22
Q

The nurse discuses the disease process of multiple sclerosis with the patient and caregiver. The patient will begin taking glatiramer (Copaxone), and the nurse is teaching the patient about the drug. Which points should be included?

a. drink extra fluids while this drug is given
b. local injection site irritation is a common effect
c. take the drug with plenty of water and remain in an upright position for at least 30 minutes
d. the drug causes a loss of vitamin C so include extra citrus and foods containing vitamin C in the diet

A

b. local injection site irritation is a common effect

23
Q

*The nurse knows that which of the following are major disadvantages for the use of donepezil (Aricept) to treat the symptoms of early Alzheimer’s disease? (SATA)

a. it must be administered four times per day
b. it may cause significant weight loss
c. it may cause potentially fatal cardiac dysrhythmias
d. it may cause serious liver damage
e. it results in only modest cognitive improvement and results do not last

A

b, c, d, e

b. it may cause significant weight loss
c. it may cause potentially fatal cardiac dysrhythmias
d. it may cause serious liver damage
e. it results in only modest cognitive improvement and results do not last

24
Q

*An early sign(s) of levodopa toxicity is (rare) which of the following?

a. orthostatic hypotension
b. drooling
c. spasmodic eye winking and muscle twitching
d. N/V/D

A

c. spasmodic eye winking and muscle twitching

25
Q

Cyclobenzaprine (Amrix) is prescribed for a patient with muscle spasms of the lower back. Which appropriate nursing interventions would be included? (SATA)

a. assessing the heart rate for tachycardia
b. assessing the home environment for patient safety concerns
c. encouraging frequent ambulation
d. providing oral suction for excessive oral secretions
e. providing assistance with ADLs, such as reading

A

a, b, e,

a. assessing heart rate for tachycardia
b. assessing home environment for patient safety concerns
e. providing assistance with ADLs, such as reading

26
Q

*The patient is scheduled to receive rimabotulinumtoxin B (Myobloc) for treatment for of muscle spasticity. Which symptoms will the nurse teach the patient to report immediately?

a. fever, aches, chills
b. difficulty swallowing, ptosis, blurred vision
c. continuous spasms and pain on affected side
d. moderate levels of muscle weakness on affected side

A

b. difficulty swallowing, ptosis, blurred vision

27
Q

*A patient has purchased capsaicin OTC cream to use for muscle aches and pains. What education is most important to give this patient?

a. apply with gloved hand only to site of pain
b. apply medication liberally above and below site of pain
c. apply to areas of redness and irritation only
d. apply liberally with a bare hand to affected limb

A

a. apply with gloved hand only to site of pain

28
Q

A patient has been prescribed clonazepam (Klonopin) for muscle spasms and stiffness secondary to an injury from a car crash. While the patient is taking this drug, what is the nurse’s primary concern?

a. monitoring hepatic lab work
b. encouraging fluid intake to prevent dehydration
c. assessing for drowsiness and implementing safety measures
d. providing social services referral for patient concerns about the cost of the drug

A

c. assessing for drowsiness and implementing safety measures

29
Q

A female patient is prescribed dantrolene (Dantrium, Revonto) for painful muscle spasms associated with multiple sclerosis. The nurse is writing the discharge plan for the patient and will include which teaching points? (SATA)

a. if muscle spasms are severe, supplement the medication with hot baths or showers 3x per day
b. inform the healthcare provider if she is taking estrogen products
c. sip water, ice, or hard candy to relieve dry mouth
d. return periodically for required lab work
e. obtain at least 20 minutes of sun exposure per day to boost vitamin D levels

A

b, c, d

b. inform the healthcare provider if she is taking estrogen products
c. sip water, ice, or hard candy to relieve dry mouth
d. return periodically for required lab work

30
Q

A patient who has been prescribed baclofen (Lioresal) returns to the healthcare provider after a week of drug therapy, complaining of continued muscle spasms of the lower back. What further assessment data will the nurse gather?

a. whether the patient has been taking the medication consistently or only when the pain is severe
b. whether the patient has been consuming alcohol during this time
c. whether the patient has increased the dosage without consulting the healthcare provider
d. whether the patient’s log of symptoms indicates that the patient is telling the truth

A

a. whether the patient has been taking the mediation consistently or only when the pain is severe

31
Q

*A patient is receiving IV sodium bicarbonate for treatment of metabolic acidosis. During this infusion, how will the nurse monitor for therapeutic effect?

a. BUN
b. WBC count
c. serum pH
d. kidney function lab values

A

c. serum pH

32
Q

Which nursing intervention is most important when caring for a patient receiving dextran 40 (Gentian 40)?

a. assess the patient for DVT
b. observe for signs of fluid overload
c. encourage fluid intake
d. monitor ABGs

A

b. observe for signs of fluid overload

33
Q

The patient’s serum sodium value is 152mEq/L. Which nursing interventions are most appropriate for this patient? (SATA)

a. assess for inadequate water intake or diarrhea
b. administer a 0.45% NaCl IV solution
c. hold all doses of glucocorticoids
d. notify healthcare provider
e. have the patient drink as much water as possible

A

a, d

a. assess for inadequate water intake or diarrhea
d. notify healthcare provider

34
Q

A patient is receiving 5% dextrose in water (D5W). Which statement is correct?

a. the solution may cause hypoglycemia in the patient who has diabetes
b. the solution may be used to dilute mixed IV drugs
c. the solution is considered a colloid solution
d. the solution is used to provide adequate calories for metabolic needs

A

b. the solution may be used to dilute mixed IV drugs

35
Q

A patient will be sent home on diuretic therapy and has a prescription for liquid potassium chloride (KCl). What teaching will the nurse provide before the patient goes home?

a. do not dilute the solution with water or juice, drink solution straight
b. increase the use of salt substitutes, they also contain potassium
c. report any weakness, fatigue, or lethargy immediately
d. take the medication immediately before bed to prevent heartburn

A

c. report any weakness, fatigue, or lethargy immediately

36
Q

The nurse weighs the patient who is on an infusion of LR postoperatively and finds that there has been a weight gain of 1.5kg since the previous day. What would the nurse’s next priority be?

a. check with the patient to determine whether there have been any dietary changes in the last few days
b. assess the patient for signs of edema and BP for possible hypertension
c. contact dietary to change the patient’s diet to reduce sodium
d. request a diuretic from the patient’s provider

A

b. assess the patient for signs of edema and BP for possible hypertension

37
Q

*Superinfecitons are an adverse effect common to all antibiotic therapy. Which of the following best describes a superinfection?

a. an initial infection so overwhelming that it requires multiple antimicrobial drugs to treat successfully
b. bacterial resistance that creates infections that are difficult to treat and often resistant to multiple drugs
c. infections requiring high-dose antimicrobial therapy with increased chance of organ toxicity
d. overgrowth of normal body flora or of opportunistic organisms, such as viruses and yeast, no longer held in check by normal, beneficial flora

A

d. overgrowth of normal body flora or of opportunistic organisms, such as viruses and yeast, no longer held in check by normal, beneficial flora

38
Q

*A patient will be discharged after surgery with a prescription for penicillin. When planning at-home instructions, what will the nurse include?

a. penicillins can be taken while breastfeeding
b. the entire prescription must be finished
c. all penicillins can be taken without regard to eating
d. some possible side effects include abdominal pain and constipation

A

b. the entire prescription must be finished

39
Q

*A patient has been prescribed tetracycline. When providing information regarding this drug, the nurse should include what information about tetracycline?

a. it is classified as a narrow-spectrum antibiotic with minimal adverse effects
b. it is used to treat a wide variety of disease processes
c. it has been identified to be safe during pregnancy
d. it is contraindicated in children younger than 8yrs

A

d. it is contraindicated in children younger than 8yrs

40
Q

*What important information should be included in the patient’s education regarding taking ciprofloxacin (Cipro)?

a. the drug can cause discoloration of the teeth
b. fluid intake should be decreased to prevent urine retention
c. any heel or lower leg pain should be reported immediately
d. the drug should be taken with an antacid to reduce gastric effects

A

c. any heel or lower leg pain should be reported immediately

41
Q

*A patient taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim, Septra) develops a reddish-purplish papular rash surrounded by areas of erythema. The rash should be evaluated by the healthcare provider because it may indicate which skin condition?

a. a fungal superinfection
b. viral skin eruptions
c. dermatologic toxicity, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome
d. non adherence with drug therapy

A

c. dermatologic toxicity, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome

42
Q

*A 32yo female has been started on amoxicillin (Amoxil, Trimox) for a severe UTI. Before sending her home with this prescription, the nurse will do what?

a. teach her how to wear sunscreen
b. ask her about oral contraceptive use and recommend an alternative method for the duration of the amoxicillin course
c. assess for hearing loss
d. recommend taking the pill with some antacid to prevent GI upset

A

b. ask her about oral contraceptive use and recommend an alternative method for the duration of the amoxicillin course

43
Q

Upon assessment the nurse notices that the patient has decreased sensation, pain, and paresthesia to both feet. The patient has a long history of type 2 diabetes, and some months has had to choose between buying food or buying medications to control his blood sugar. He asks why this is happening to his feet. The nurse correctly responds to the question when she answers that the probable cause of his lower extremity symptoms is a result of:

a. growing older and is normal
b. eating a balanced diet
c. is probably due to genetics
d. nerve damage to the small vessels due to high glucose levels

A

d. nerve damage to the small vessels due to high glucose levels

44
Q

The nurse caring for a client who is taking gentamicin and an aminoglycoside, should monitor the client for which adverse effects of the medications. (SATA)

a. seizures
b. ototoxicity
c. nephrotoxicity
d. superinfection
e. hepatotoxicity

A

b, c, d

b. ototoxicity
c. nephrotoxicity
d. superinfection

45
Q

A client’s HR is 72bpm with a regular rhythm. How does the nurse interpret this data in relation to the client’s peripheral nervous system? (SATA)

a. the sympathetic system is in control
b. the parasympathetic system is dominating
c. both the parasympathetic and sympathetic systems are influencing cardiac output
d. the autonomic nervous system is affecting cardiac status
e. the somatic nervous system is affecting cardiac status

A

b, c, d

b. the parasympathetic system is dominating
c. both the parasympathetic and sympathetic systems are influencing cardiac output
d. the autonomic nervous system is affecting cardiac status

46
Q

A patient has been prescribed a beta1 adrenergic agonist drug. The nurse would plan to monitor for effects from which organs?

a. kidneys
b. eyes
c. heart
d. bowels
e. lungs

A

a, c

a. kidneys
c. heart

47
Q

The nurse is reviewing the prescription history for a client receiving levodopa (Stalevo). Which routine prescription is most concerning?

a. aspirin
b. metformin
c. calcium antacid
d. Synthroid

A

c. calcium antacid

48
Q

Which priority question should the nurse ask the female client that has been prescribed penicillin G?

a. “Are you pregnant?”
b. “Do you plan to become pregnant?”
c. “Are you breastfeeding?”
d. “Are you taking birth control pills?”

A

d. “Are you taking birth control pills?”

Exam 2 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions