Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Pharm Quiz 3 Content > Flashcards

Pharm Quiz 3 Content Flashcards

1
Q

Mild ADR

A

Drowsiness
Itching
Nausesa
Rash (Mild or Severe)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Severe ADR

A

Resp. Depression
Organ Injury
Anaphylaxis
Death
Rash(mild or severe)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

3 ADR considerations

A

What increases the risks?
What/who is the impact?
How to minimize? (7 rights)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Side effect

A

Nearly Unavoidable secondary effect at therapeutic doses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Toxicity

A

Any severe ADR regardless of dose, or the ability to cause harm no matter the dose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Allergic Reaction

A

Immune Response determine by the imm. system not the dosage
- Can only happen if you have been exposed to the drug before

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Idiosyncratic Effect

A

Uncommon drug response due to genetics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Paradoxical Effect

A

Opposite of the intended Drug Response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What 2 groups of people tend to have paradoxical drug effects?

A

Young and Old pt’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Latrogenic Effect

A

Disease caused by the drug or treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Physical Dependance

A

addiction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Carcinogenic Effect

A

Ability to cause cancers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Teratogenic Effect

A

Drug induced Birth defect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 2 most affected organs by drugs?

A

Liver and Kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Hepatotoxic Drugs
- Primary metabolism site?
- Leading cause of?
- DILI = ?
- What kind tend to be toxic to liver?

A

Liver
- Liver
- Liver failure
- Drug Induced Liver Injury
- Statins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

QT Drugs
- QT Drugs Delay?
- Can cause?
- Whos at higher risk?
- Should not be given?

A

Heart/Qt complex
- QT interval
- Life threatening dysrhythmia
- Women
- Multiple drugs shouldn’t be given concurrently

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Kidneys filter what where?

A

Metabolites out of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What part of the ear can get damaged?

A

Inner ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Polypharmacy
Common for who?

A

Too many drugs
Elderly pt’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

5 ways to minimize ADR’s

A
  • Early identification
  • Know Major potential ADR
  • Monitor organ function
  • Individual Therapy
  • Pt teaching
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Strongest safety warning yet still able to be sold?

A

Black Box warning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What’s a common black box warning on Fluoroquinolones?

A

Achiles tendon rupture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

3 considerations when seeing Black Box Warned drugs?

A
  • Does the benefit outweigh the risk?
  • Safer and equally effective alternatives?
  • Is the BBW applicable to your pt?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

med Error

A

Any preventable event that led to innapropiate drug use and/or pt harm

25
Q

What type of mistakes causes 90% of fatal errors?

A

communication

26
Q

What does kidney disease cause?

A

Slower excretion which leads to drug buildup?

27
Q

What does liver disease cause?

A

Slower metabolism which leads to drug buildup

28
Q

More levels of drugs in us = ?

A

Lower kidney or liver function

29
Q

Tolerance

A

Decreased responiveness due to repeated drug admission

30
Q

Comorbitites and drug interactions

A

Drugs taken to mage one condition may complicate management of another condition

31
Q

What can a good diet reduce?

A

Harm from ADR’s

32
Q

Some foods can___?

A

Interact with drugs and cause ADR’s

33
Q

Empty stomach = ?

A

1hr before or 2hr after a meal

34
Q

What does grapefruit juice do?

A

Slows drug metabolism by 3x

35
Q

Factors of Patient Compliance?

A

Dexterity and acuity
Intelectual Capacity
Psych state
Attitude and belief of drug
ability to pay

36
Q

Geriatric Concerns for drugs

A

Organ Function
Comorbidities
Polypharmacy
Noncompliance

37
Q

Absorption changes in elderly pt’s?

A

Slower rate
Gastric acidity declines

38
Q

Distribution changes in older pt’s?

A

^ Body fat = v plasma drug lvls
v lean body mass
v total body water
v serem albumin conc. (Last 3 all ^ plasma drug lvls)

39
Q

What is the most important cause of ADR’s in older adults?

A

Declining excretion

40
Q

How much more likely are ADR’s in older pt’s? Most are _____ related?

A

7x
dose

41
Q

7 important risk factors for elderly pt’s

A

v renal function
polypharmacy
^ illness severity
v therapeutic index
^ pt variation
v poor long term supervision of therapy
poor adherence

42
Q

Goal of treatment

A

^ quality of life
v symptoms

43
Q

Most common Synthetic Thyroxine?
Indications?
Normal daily dose?
What’s needed to admin. these?
Forms?
Common Side effects

A

Levothyroxine (Synthroid, Levoxyl)
Indications: Slow
- Obese
- Cardiovascular
- COPD
Usually 1.6 mcg/kg/day or 50-200 mcg/day
Empty Stomach
PO IV IM
Side Effects:
- Tachycardia
- Palpations
- Dyspnea on exertion
- Gioter/ Thyroid gland swelling

44
Q

In Levothyroxines, low doses =?
High doses ?

A

Low: Slow
Constipation
Fatigue

High: Fly/fast
Diarrhea
Temors
Insomnia

45
Q

Proton Pump inhibitors (PPI) examples

A

Pantoprazole (common)
Omperazole
^
both over the counter
v
Lansoprazole

46
Q

Indicators for PPI’s

A

GERD
PUD
Stress ulcer prophylaxis

47
Q

PPI’s usually given in hospitals to prevent?

A

stress ulcers

48
Q

PPI PO dosage

A

40 mg daily on empty stomach

49
Q

PPI IV push dosage?

A

40 mg daily over 2 minutes

50
Q

PPI IV piggyback dosage

A

80 mg bolus and 8 mg/hr for GI bleed

51
Q

6 Side effects of PPI’s

A

Cutaneous lupus
C Diff
Gastroenteritis
Diarrhea
Bone fracture
Hypomagnesemia

52
Q

PPI’s inhibit

A

Formation of gastric acid

53
Q

What blood work to look for with PPI

A

H Pylori.
the antibiotics and conduct with PPI

54
Q

Hydrocodone indications

A

pain and cough

55
Q

what 2 common drugs are given in Combo with hydrocodone

A

Hydro./Acetaminophen = Norco, Vicodin or Lortab for pain
Hydro./ Chlorpheniramine = Tussoinex for cough

56
Q

With Hydro./Aceto. what must you be careful for? Limit? Risk?

A

Overdose
the limit is 4g a day in adults
Risk of liver damage

57
Q

Common BBW of Hydrocodone?

A

Addiction abuse and misuse

58
Q

Hydrocodone ADR’s

A

Constipation
Itching
Vomiting
Hypotension
CNS Depression
Withdrawl

Pharmacology (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions