pharm practice exam 1 Flashcards
If phenobarbital has a four day half-life, and a client accidentally took 200 mg of the drug on Tuesday morning, and no intervention occurred, how much medication will remain in the bloodstream of that client on Thursday morning?
150mg
You receive a patient with a new diagnosis of epilepsy. The doctor has order a larger than normal dose to reach the minimal effective serum concentration level. You realize this is known as what?
loading dose (administration of a large initial dose)
Revision of a clients care plan goals is included in which phase of the nursing process?
evaluation (the phase of the nursing process during which the nurse determines whether the goals and teaching objectives are being met)
A nurse is explaining evidence-based practice (EBP) to a new student nurse. Which statements are a part of EBP? (Select all that apply)
integrate clients preference into the clients care
guided by research , use the most currently approved approach to providing client care
the nurse recognizes that which of the following are examples of objective data?
heart rate from radial pulse.
lab value.
observed conditions of the patients wound.
observed productive cough.
the nurse acknowledges that the correct sequence of the 4 processes of pharmacokinetics are:
absorption
distribution
metabolism
excretion
which of these assessments is not considered essential prior to giving medications to an acutely ill client?
mood
the nurse is explaining the disintegration of enteric coated tablets to a client. where would the nurse teach that this occurs at in the body?
small intestines.
a laboring mother wants to know why pain medication is not advisable. what rationales could the nurse offer for this?
the liver of an infant is not well developed, so the effects of sedation can linger in the infant.
epidural analgesia offers an alternative that will not harm the infant.
the blood brain barrier of an infant isn’t fully develop, so infants are at risk for sedation.
when entering the clients room for assessment purposes, which of these things would be inappropriate by the nurse? (select all that apply)
the nurse shares his/her own date of birth
taking a picture of the clients wound and sharing it outside of work
agreeing to be friends on social media
the nurse has just given a dose of antibiotic. which measurement checks for the highest plasma/serum concentration of the drug?
peak level
Which of these factors might impair the absorption of an oral medication?
the presence of food in the stomach
the nurse receives a client with a risk for injury due to taking sedatives. this is include in what phase of the nursing process?
nursing diagnosis
the nurse is explaining to a new student nurse the nursing process/ which of the following is the correct order of this process?
assessment, nursing diagnoses, planning, implementation, evaluation
a malnourished elderly client has a low albumin level (normal albumin range is 3.4 to 5.4 g/dL). what is the implication of this finding?
protein insufficiency can lead to loss of metabolizing enzymes and consequential drug accumulation.
less protein binding will occur. medication will be more free to bind with a target receptors. this may cause excessive effects.
a client reports that he has been swallowing his nitroglycerin instead of leaving it under his tongue. teaching is needed. what can happen if sublingual medication are swallowed?
first pass may inactivate the medication.
a client who takes theophylline for asthma is experiencing theophylline toxicity. which of these may be a contributing factor?
chewing the capsule
cirrhosis with gallstones
forgetfulness leading to double dosing
the nurse knows that for a drug to pass rapidly through the GI membrane it needs to be what?
lipid soluble and nonionized
the nurse is wanting to measure the margin of safety of a medication. which description below is correct for this measurement?
therapeutic index
a client is going home on a medication that cannot be stopped suddenly, which is included in the discharge teaching. what part of the nursing process is this included in?
implementation
A client interview consists of three phases. The nurse recognizes that those phases are:
orientation
working
termination
During the admission history, the client states that he has trouble breathing at night. In obtaining data for a problem-oriented database, the nurse should first question the client about:
the onset and duration of his present breathing problem
The nurse begins the assessment of a client that has come to the emergency department experiencing chest pain by asking the client about:
the onset, severity, and duration of the chest pain
A nurse seeks to organize the data obtained from the client in a logical manner. The organizational method that identifies relationships between factors and symptoms in the database is known as:
clustering data
The client recently became febrile and stated he “felt hot.” The nurse takes the client’s temperature and finds it to be 38.2° C. In addition, the pulse rate is 88 beats per minute, and his blood pressure is 168/80 mm Hg. Which of the following is an example of subjective data?
the statement regarding his feeling hot
The nurse decides to interview the client using the open-ended question technique. Which of the following statements reflects this type of questioning?
“What do you think has been causing your current depression?”
The nurse is gathering a nursing health history on the client. The client tells the nurse that he just lost his job. Job loss best fits into which of the following categories?
psychosocial history
The nurse is going to perform the admission history for a newly admitted client on the medical unit. The optimum time for completion of the history is planned for:
after the client has become comfortably oriented to the room
The nurse has completed an assessment and found that the client has “an activity and exercise abnormality.” This type of wording indicates that which of the following organizing formats has been used?
Gordons functional health patterns
After visiting with the client, the nurse documents the assessment data. Both objective and subjective information has been obtained during the assessment. Which of the following is classified as objective data?
elevated blood pressure
The primary source of information when completing an assessment of a client that is alert and oriented as he is admitted to the medical center for diagnostic testing is the:
client
The process of data collection should begin with the nurse performing a:
client interview
During an interview, the nurse needs to obtain specific information about the signs and symptoms of the client’s health problem. To obtain these data most efficiently, the nurse should use:
closed-ended questions
The nurse is conducting an interview with the client and wants to clarify information that the client has shared. Which response by the nurse is an example of the clarifying technique of communication?
“Could you give me an example of how you handle stressors?”
When clustering data according to functional health patterns, the nurse determines that the client is only able to ambulate short distances without becoming fatigued and requires rest periods during morning care. The health pattern that requires intervention is identified by the nurse as:
activity and exercise
