Pharm of Drugs for Acute Pain Flashcards

1
Q

What is gravol’s MOA?

A

Antihistamine (H1) blocker

Can cross the BBB (makes you drowsy)

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2
Q

4 steps of pain processing

A

Transduction
Transmission
Modulation
Perception

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3
Q

How does modulation work?

A

By activating the skin mechanoreceptors, you stimulate Ad fibers which then can turn on the inhibitory interneuron to down regulate the pain signal

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4
Q

Allodynia vs hyperalgesia

A

Allodynia: normally not painful, now it hurts
Hyper: normally painful, hurts even more

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5
Q

COX 1 vs 2 pathways

A

1: constitutive, physiological path - produces thromboxane and prostaglandin
2: inducible pathway - produces prostaglandin

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6
Q

4 MOA of opioids

A
  1. Presynaptic: reduce excitatory transmitter release
  2. Postsynaptic: hyperpolarization of neurons by opening of K channels
  3. Activation of inhibitory descending pathways
  4. Activation of inhibitory enkephalin interneurons
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7
Q

M3G vs M6G

A

Morphine
M3G: no analgesia and neuroexcitatory
M6G: analgesic properties

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8
Q

What opioid activates mast cells?

A

Codein

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9
Q

Fentanyl pharm properties

A

Very lipophilic (crosses membranes very quickly)
Large volume of distribution
More effective and potent than morphine

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10
Q

4 opioid receptors

A

Mu
Kappa
Delta
Sigma

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11
Q

Mu opioid receptor effects

A
Analgesia
Euphoria
Resp depression
Decrease GI motility
Miosis
Sedation
Physical dependence
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12
Q

Multimodal analgesia

A

Give pain meds that act on different receptors

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13
Q

Naloxone (Narcan)

A

Opioid antagonist
Higher affinity than any of the opioids
Reverse depressed respiration from opioid overdose
Precipitate withdrawal symptoms
Prevent dependent individuals from experiencing a high from subsequent opioid use

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