[PHARM] Muscle relaxants [Kruse] Flashcards
What are the two major groups of skeletal muscle relaxants?
Neuromuscular blockers
Spasmolytic agents
What are some characteristics of neuromuscular blockers?
NO CNS ACTIVITY
Used as adjuncts during anesthesia
Interfere with transmission at the neuromuscular end plate
What are spasmolytic agents used for?
Reduce spasticity in a variety of neurologic conditions
(back pain, fibromyalgia, muscle spasms)
What are the two basic mechanisms of neuromuscular blocking drugs?
Non depolarizing blockade
Depolarizing blockade
What is the example for non depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drug?
d-tubocurarine
What is the example of depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drug?
Succinylcholine
What is the one ultrashort acting neuromuscular blocker?
Succinylcholine
What is the one short acting neuromuscular blocker?
Mivacurium
What are the (4) intermediate acting neuromuscular blockers?
Atracurium
Cisatracurium
Rocuronium
Vecuronium
What are the (3) long acting neuromuscular blockers?
Doxacurium
Pancuronium
Pipecuronium
What are the adverse effects of neuromuscular blockade?
Effects last too long
Hypotension, tachycardia
Histamine release
How do you reverse the NMJ blockade?
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Anticholinergic agents
What is the MOA of succinylchoiline?
Phase 1 depolarizing block
Phase 2 desensitizing block
Clinical uses of NMBDs?
Surgical relaxation
Tracheal intubation
Control of ventilation
Treatment of convulsions
What is the drug of choice for rapid sequence intubation?
Succinylcholine
