Pharm: HTN, CAD Flashcards
3 main SE of ACEi
hyperK, dry cough, angioedema
avoid what abx for pt on ACE/ARB
bactrim
pt on ACEi still doesn’t have control of BP. increase dose or add another med?
add another class of HTN med
ACEi monitoring
BMP
only ARB to not cause hyperuricemia
losartan
preferred diuretic for HTN pts w/o complications
chlorthalidone
pt who is allergic to sulfa cannot take which 2 classes of HTN meds
thiazides, loops
thiazides, loops can increase blood levels of — (2)
uric acid, glucose
thiazides, loops – do they cause hyperK or hypoK?
hypo
when does hypoK develop from loops/thiazides?
w/in first 2 wks, then stabilises
should CCBs be used in HF?
no
which CCBs are cardio selective
Non-dihyrophyridines aka Cardioselective CCBs (diltiazem, verapamil)
3 main SEs of CCBs
HA, LE edema, constipation
CI to rx BB + what type of CCB
Non-dihyrophyridines aka Cardioselective CCBs (diltiazem, verapamil)
when is it NOT ok to give BB in HF?
NYHA class 4 (HF symptoms at rest) or acute decompensated HF
labetalol class
mixed beta / alpha 1 antagonists
class: Isosorbide dinitrate/hydralazine (BiDil®)
Hydralazine (Apresoline®)
direct vasodilators
most effective class at deccreasing LDLs
statins
most effective class at increasing HDLs
nicotinic acid
most effective class at deccreasing trigs
Fibric Acid Derivatives / Fibrates
high intensity statins (2) and doses (4)
Atorvastatin (Lipitor) (40, 80mg = high intensity)
Rosuvastatin (Crestor) ( 20-40mg = high intensity)
main statin SE and the biggest culprit med
Myopathy (most common; simvastatin main culprit; hypothyroidism predisposes
class: “Colestipol (Colestid®)
Colesevelam (WelChol®)
Cholestyramine (Questran®)”
bile acid sequestrants
bile acid sequestrants can increase ____ levels
trigs
pt education for new colestid rx and pt is already taking statin
take 1 hr before or 2 hr after statin
CI: gemfibrozil + ______
statins
which med decreases dietary absoprtion of cholesterol
Ezetimibe (Zetia)
pt ed for omega 3 pills
take w/ food
samter’s triad of people who may have increased risk of severe salicylate sensitivity
nasal polyps, chronic rhinitis, asthma
is plavix indicated for arterial or venous thromboembolism?
arterial. NOT venous
besides STEMI at a non PCI facility and ischemic stroke, when is TPa indicated?
large PE or DVT
preferred anticoagulant in pregnancy
LMWH
heparin reversal agent
protamine
which anticoag can be used in pts w/ mechanical heart valve?
warfarin
must bridge warfarin w/ lovenox for first ____ days
5
reversal agent for eliquis and xarelto
Andexxa
Pt ed for xarelto
must take w/ food and at same time every day
when starting HF pt on BB, warn them ____
sx might get worse at the beginning
stop BB in very sick pts w/ acute decompensated HF X 4wks and use these.
“Beta agonists: Dobutamine
Dopamine”
