Pharm High-Yield

Question 1

What is alprostadil?

Answer 1

PGE1 derivative used for its smooth uncle relaxing effects to maintain the ductus arterioles patent in patients awaiting surgery

Question 2

Misoprostol

Answer 2

PGE1 derivative which is essentially a cytoprotective prostaglandin used in preventing peptic ulcer and in combo with mifepristone for terminating early pregnancies
Used in the treatment of NSAID-induced PUD and administered 4x a day with food
Low use because of adverse effects including abdominal distention and occasional diarrhea

Question 3

Diclofenac

Answer 3

Nonselective COX inhibitor associated with less symptomatology of GI ulceration
Prep with diclofenac and misoprostol used for decreased upper GI ulceration, but can have adverse effect of diarrhea
Also can have adverse renal effects

Question 4

Naproxen

Answer 4

Only NSAID marked as a single enantiomer with the incidence of upper GI bleeding in OTC use being low but still double that of ibuprofe

Question 5

Nabumetone

Answer 5

Only nonacid NSAID - converted to active acetic acid derivative in the body. May be less damaging to the stomach at low dose, but usually higher doses are needed to be effective

Question 6

Azo compound drugs

Answer 6

All contain the letters “az” in their name
Includes sulfasalazine, olsazaline, balsalazide
Azo structure markedly reduces absorption of the parent drug from the small intestine
In the terminal ileum and colon, resident bacteria cleave the azo bond to release active 5-ASA