Pharm Exam #4 Flashcards by Jen Stone

Q

Calcium carbonate

A

antacid

first line therapy for preggo GERD

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Q

aluminum hydrozide + magnesium hydroxide

A

antacid

first line therapy for preggo GERD

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Q

cimetidine

A

H2-receptor antagonists

for GERD, PUD

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Q

ranitidine

A

H2-receptor antagonists

for GERD, PUD

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Q

omeprazole

A

PPI

For GERD, PUD, ZES

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Q

sucralfate

A

mucosal protective agent

for PUD

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Q

Misoprostal

A

mucosal protective agent
PGEI analog –> prevent ulcers
for pts on long-term NSAIDs for RA

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Q

bismuth subsalicylate

A

mucosal protective agent

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Q

dietary fiber

A

bulk-forming laxative

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Q

methylcellulose

A

bulk-forming laxative

synthetic cellulose

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Q

polycarbophil

A

bulk-forming laxative

polyacrylic resin

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Q

docusate

A

stool surfactant

used for hospitilized patients

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Q

magnesium hydroxide

A

osmotic laxative

used for constipation

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Q

polyethylene glycol (PEG)

A

ostmotic laxative

used for colonic cleansing before procedures

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Q

bisacodyl

A

stimulant laxative

used for constipation + with PEG for colonic cleansing

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Q

anthraquinone derivatives

A

stimulant laxative
from plant extracts
used for constibation

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Q

metocloporamid

A

prokinetic agent
D2 receptor antagonist
used for gastroperesis, reflex esophagitis, vomitting

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Q

erythromycin

A

prokinetic agent
antimicrobial, stimulate motilin, promote emptying
used for gastroparesis

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Q

methylnaltraxon

A

prokinetic agent
selective antagonist at mu-opioid receptor
used for opioid induced constipation in pts with advanced illness

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Q

alvimopan

A

prokinetic agent
selective antagonist at mu-opioid receptor
used for postop ileius (short term b/c CV toxic)

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Q

bismuth subsalicylate

A

anti-diarrheal

non-specific diarrhea (travlers)

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Q

loperamide

A

anti-diarrheal

opioid analog –> dec. peristalisis

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Q

dicyclomine

A

IBS treatment
anticholinergic antispasmodic
toxicity=”blind as a bat, red as a beat, hot as a hare, dry as a bone, mad as a hatter, bloated as a toad, and the heart runs alone”

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Q

hyoscyamine

A

IBS treatment
anticholinergic antispasmodic
toxicity=”blind as a bat, red as a beat, hot as a hare, dry as a bone, mad as a hatter, bloated as a toad, and the heart runs alone”

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lubiprostone

IBS treatment | used for chronic idiopathic constipation + IBS w/constipation in females

sulfasalazine

IBD treatment aminosalycilase used for mild/moderate UC

mesalamine

IBD treatment | aminosalycilase

budesonide

IBD treatment glucocorticoid used for acute attacks, moderate/severe

azathioprine

IBD treatment antimetabolite used for chronic severe or steroid resistant IBD

methotrexate

IBD treatment antimetabolite used for chronic severe or steroid resistant IBD

Inflizamib

IBD treatment anti-TNF used for moderate/severe Crohns

Natalizumad

IBD treatment anti-integrin used for moderate/severe crohns when other tx has failed

Simethicone

Anti-fart! | surface active

codeine

strong analgesic--mu opioid agonist | antitussive too

fentanyl

strong analgesic--mu opioid agonist

heroin

strong analgesic--mu opioid agonist

hydrocodone

strong analgesic--mu opioid agonist | antitussive too

hydromorphone

strong analgesic--mu opioid agonist

meperidine

strong analgesic--mu opioid agonist | decrease respiratory depression of newborn

methadone

strong analgesic--mu opioid agonist | used to treat opioid addiction

morphine

strong analgesic--mu opioid agonist

oxycodone

strong analgesic--mu opioid agonist

oxymorphone

strong analgesic--mu opioid agonist

buprenorphine

partial opioid | agonist @ K, partial @ u, antag @ u when high dose

butorphenol

partial opioid | partial @ u, antag @ u when high dose

pentazocine

partial opioid | agonist @ K, partial @ u, antag @ u when high dose

tramadol

partial opioid | weak u agonist, inhibit NE + 5HT reuptake

tapentadol

partial opioid | stronger u agonist, inhibit NE + 5HT reuptake

naloxone

opioid antagonist | relive itching after spinal morphine

naltrexone

opioid antagonist | long acting

methylnaltrexone

opioid antagonist

alvimopan

opioid antagonist

acetyl salicyclic acid

aspirin NSAID irreversible cox-1 + 2 salicyclic acid derivitive analgesic, antipyretic, antiinflammatory, antirheumatic

mesalamine (5 amino salicyclic acid)

NSAID reversible cox-1 + 2 salicyclic acid derivitive maintenance of remission of UC

diflunisal

NSAID reversible cox-1 + 2 salicyclic acid derivitive ***not a true salicylate analagesic, antiinflammatory, weak antipyretic

indomethacin

NSAID reversible cox-1 + 2 acetic acid derivative RA, OA, DA closure

Etodolac

NSAID reversible cox-1 + 2 (2 more) acetic acid derivitive RA, OA, post-op analgesic

Diclofenac

NSAID reversible cox-1 + 2 (2 more) acetic acid derivitive RA, OA, dysmenorrhea analgesic

tolmetin

``` NSAID reversible cox-1 + 2 (2 more) acetic acid derivitive RA, OA, juvenile RA ** SE=reversible AI hemolytic anemia ```

ketorolac

``` NSAID reversible cox-1 + 2 (2 more) acetic acid derivitive moderate/severe acute pain oral + IM ```

ibuprofen

NSAID reversible Cox-1 + 2 propionic acid derivative RA, OA, Analgesic, dysmenorrhea, fever, DA closure **less GI effects, but ocular + hypersensitivity problems

naproxen

NSAID reversible Cox-1 + 2 propionic acid derivative RA, OA, Analgesic, dysmenorrhea, fever, juvenile RA

ketoprofen

NSAID reversible Cox-1 + 2 propionic acid derivative RA, OA, analgesia, dysmenorrhea

oxaprozin

NSAID reversible Cox-1 + 2 propionic acid derivative RA, OA

piroxicam

NSAID enolic acide dervative RA, OA

meloxicam

NSAID enolic acid derivative reversible Cox-1 + 2 (2 more) OA

nabumetone

NSAID non acidic compound (alkalone) reversible Cox-1 + 2 (2 more) **activated by liver

acetaminophen

``` Tylenol weakly inhibit cox 1 + 2 +3 (canine) antipyretic + analgesic action *no anti-inflammatory action oral + rectal **metabolite is toxic ```

celecoxib

NSAID cox-2 inhibitor OA, RA, dysmenorrhea, pain, FAP (dec # polyps) *decreased GI effects but increased CV effects

hydroxychloroquine sulfate

non-biologic DMARD RA, SLE, antimaleria **ocular toxicity

Methotrexate

non-biologic DMARD + cytotoxic/antiproliferative agent | Crohns, RA, JRA, Leukemia, tumors

Sulfasalazine

non-biologic DMARD | RA, chronic UC

leflundamide

non-biologic DMARD | RA

etanercept

biologic DMARD human fusion protein, blocks TNF receptor binding SubQ injection RA, JRA

Infliximab

biologic DMARD chimeric monoclonal igG1 antibody against TNF-a IV infusion RA, Crohns

Anakinra

biologic DMARD | IL-1 receptor antagonist

prednisone

corticosteroid immunosuppression allergies, hematologic disorders, hepatic + renal disease, collagen disorders

methylprednisone

corticosteroid immunosuppression allergies, hematologic disorders, hepatic + renal disease, collagen disorders

cyclophosphamide

cytotoxic + antiproliferative agent immunosuppression alkylates DNA + non-specifically inhibits cell cycle RA, leukemia, tumors

azathioprine

cytotoxic + antiproliferative agent immunosuppression antimetabolite, stop cell cycle at S phase renal allotransplantation, RA

methotrexate

DMARD + cytotoxic + antiproliferative agent immunosuppression antimetabolite (inhibit dihydrofolic acid) tx toxicity with leucovarin calcium crohns, RA, leukemia, tumors

mycophenolate mofetil

cytotoxic + antiproliferative agent immunosuppression inhibits synthesis of purines renale, liver, heart transplant prophylaxis used in conjunction with cyclosporine + corticosteroids

cyclosporine

``` T cell suppressant immunosuppression inhibit calcineurin phosphaatase renal, liver, heart transplant, RA, psoriasis IV + oral ```

muromab-CD3

T cell suppressant, murine immunosuppression renal, liver, heart, pancreas transplant

lymphocyte immune globulin

T cell suppressant, horse immunosuppression renal transplant, aplastic anemia used w/ antimetabolites + corticosteroids

daclizumab

T cell suppressant, human immunosuppression renal, heart transplant used w/ cyclosporine + corticosteroids

Rh0 immune globulin

immunosuppression human immune globulin to prevent Rh hemolytic disease of the newborn

immune globulin

replacement therapy agent human immune globulin with IgG + IgM increases passive immunity hypogammaglobulinemia, HIV pts

interferon beta-1b

immunomodulator 165 aa, antiviral + immunoregulatory relapsing-remitting MS

interferon gamma-1b

immunomodulator 140aa, phagocyte activating + ab dependent cytotoxicity CGD, osteoporosis

RA & OA treatment

all NSAIDs except ketorolac + Melonomic acid

Juevinile RA

Tolmetin + naproxen

Drugs to induce ductus arteriosis closure

indomethacin + ibuprofen