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Pharm > Pharm Exam #4 > Flashcards

Pharm Exam #4 Flashcards

1
Q

Calcium carbonate

A

antacid

first line therapy for preggo GERD

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2
Q

aluminum hydrozide + magnesium hydroxide

A

antacid

first line therapy for preggo GERD

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3
Q

cimetidine

A

H2-receptor antagonists

for GERD, PUD

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4
Q

ranitidine

A

H2-receptor antagonists

for GERD, PUD

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5
Q

omeprazole

A

PPI

For GERD, PUD, ZES

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6
Q

sucralfate

A

mucosal protective agent

for PUD

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7
Q

Misoprostal

A

mucosal protective agent
PGEI analog –> prevent ulcers
for pts on long-term NSAIDs for RA

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8
Q

bismuth subsalicylate

A

mucosal protective agent

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9
Q

dietary fiber

A

bulk-forming laxative

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10
Q

methylcellulose

A

bulk-forming laxative

synthetic cellulose

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11
Q

polycarbophil

A

bulk-forming laxative

polyacrylic resin

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12
Q

docusate

A

stool surfactant

used for hospitilized patients

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13
Q

magnesium hydroxide

A

osmotic laxative

used for constipation

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14
Q

polyethylene glycol (PEG)

A

ostmotic laxative

used for colonic cleansing before procedures

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15
Q

bisacodyl

A

stimulant laxative

used for constipation + with PEG for colonic cleansing

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16
Q

anthraquinone derivatives

A

stimulant laxative
from plant extracts
used for constibation

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17
Q

metocloporamid

A

prokinetic agent
D2 receptor antagonist
used for gastroperesis, reflex esophagitis, vomitting

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18
Q

erythromycin

A

prokinetic agent
antimicrobial, stimulate motilin, promote emptying
used for gastroparesis

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19
Q

methylnaltraxon

A

prokinetic agent
selective antagonist at mu-opioid receptor
used for opioid induced constipation in pts with advanced illness

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20
Q

alvimopan

A

prokinetic agent
selective antagonist at mu-opioid receptor
used for postop ileius (short term b/c CV toxic)

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21
Q

bismuth subsalicylate

A

anti-diarrheal

non-specific diarrhea (travlers)

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22
Q

loperamide

A

anti-diarrheal

opioid analog –> dec. peristalisis

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23
Q

dicyclomine

A

IBS treatment
anticholinergic antispasmodic
toxicity=”blind as a bat, red as a beat, hot as a hare, dry as a bone, mad as a hatter, bloated as a toad, and the heart runs alone”

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24
Q

hyoscyamine

A

IBS treatment
anticholinergic antispasmodic
toxicity=”blind as a bat, red as a beat, hot as a hare, dry as a bone, mad as a hatter, bloated as a toad, and the heart runs alone”

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25
Q

lubiprostone

A

IBS treatment

used for chronic idiopathic constipation + IBS w/constipation in females

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26
Q

sulfasalazine

A

IBD treatment
aminosalycilase
used for mild/moderate UC

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27
Q

mesalamine

A

IBD treatment

aminosalycilase

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28
Q

budesonide

A

IBD treatment
glucocorticoid
used for acute attacks, moderate/severe

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29
Q

azathioprine

A

IBD treatment
antimetabolite
used for chronic severe or steroid resistant IBD

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30
Q

methotrexate

A

IBD treatment
antimetabolite
used for chronic severe or steroid resistant IBD

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31
Q

Inflizamib

A

IBD treatment
anti-TNF
used for moderate/severe Crohns

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32
Q

Natalizumad

A

IBD treatment
anti-integrin
used for moderate/severe crohns when other tx has failed

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33
Q

Simethicone

A

Anti-fart!

surface active

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34
Q

codeine

A

strong analgesic–mu opioid agonist

antitussive too

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35
Q

fentanyl

A

strong analgesic–mu opioid agonist

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36
Q

heroin

A

strong analgesic–mu opioid agonist

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37
Q

hydrocodone

A

strong analgesic–mu opioid agonist

antitussive too

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38
Q

hydromorphone

A

strong analgesic–mu opioid agonist

39
Q

meperidine

A

strong analgesic–mu opioid agonist

decrease respiratory depression of newborn

40
Q

methadone

A

strong analgesic–mu opioid agonist

used to treat opioid addiction

41
Q

morphine

A

strong analgesic–mu opioid agonist

42
Q

oxycodone

A

strong analgesic–mu opioid agonist

43
Q

oxymorphone

A

strong analgesic–mu opioid agonist

44
Q

buprenorphine

A

partial opioid

agonist @ K, partial @ u, antag @ u when high dose

45
Q

butorphenol

A

partial opioid

partial @ u, antag @ u when high dose

46
Q

pentazocine

A

partial opioid

agonist @ K, partial @ u, antag @ u when high dose

47
Q

tramadol

A

partial opioid

weak u agonist, inhibit NE + 5HT reuptake

48
Q

tapentadol

A

partial opioid

stronger u agonist, inhibit NE + 5HT reuptake

49
Q

naloxone

A

opioid antagonist

relive itching after spinal morphine

50
Q

naltrexone

A

opioid antagonist

long acting

51
Q

methylnaltrexone

A

opioid antagonist

52
Q

alvimopan

A

opioid antagonist

53
Q

acetyl salicyclic acid

A

aspirin

NSAID
irreversible cox-1 + 2
salicyclic acid derivitive
analgesic, antipyretic, antiinflammatory, antirheumatic

54
Q

mesalamine (5 amino salicyclic acid)

A

NSAID
reversible cox-1 + 2
salicyclic acid derivitive
maintenance of remission of UC

55
Q

diflunisal

A

NSAID
reversible cox-1 + 2
salicyclic acid derivitive ***not a true salicylate
analagesic, antiinflammatory, weak antipyretic

56
Q

indomethacin

A

NSAID
reversible cox-1 + 2
acetic acid derivative
RA, OA, DA closure

57
Q

Etodolac

A

NSAID
reversible cox-1 + 2 (2 more)
acetic acid derivitive
RA, OA, post-op analgesic

58
Q

Diclofenac

A

NSAID
reversible cox-1 + 2 (2 more)
acetic acid derivitive
RA, OA, dysmenorrhea analgesic

59
Q

tolmetin

A 
NSAID
reversible cox-1 + 2 (2 more)
acetic acid derivitive
RA, OA, juvenile RA
** SE=reversible AI hemolytic anemia
60
Q

ketorolac

A 
NSAID
reversible cox-1 + 2 (2 more)
acetic acid derivitive
moderate/severe acute pain
oral + IM
61
Q

ibuprofen

A

NSAID
reversible Cox-1 + 2
propionic acid derivative
RA, OA, Analgesic, dysmenorrhea, fever, DA closure
**less GI effects, but ocular + hypersensitivity problems

62
Q

naproxen

A

NSAID
reversible Cox-1 + 2
propionic acid derivative
RA, OA, Analgesic, dysmenorrhea, fever, juvenile RA

63
Q

ketoprofen

A

NSAID
reversible Cox-1 + 2
propionic acid derivative
RA, OA, analgesia, dysmenorrhea

64
Q

oxaprozin

A

NSAID
reversible Cox-1 + 2
propionic acid derivative
RA, OA

65
Q

piroxicam

A

NSAID
enolic acide dervative
RA, OA

66
Q

meloxicam

A

NSAID
enolic acid derivative
reversible Cox-1 + 2 (2 more)
OA

67
Q

nabumetone

A

NSAID
non acidic compound (alkalone)
reversible Cox-1 + 2 (2 more)
**activated by liver

68
Q

acetaminophen

A 
Tylenol
weakly inhibit cox 1 + 2 +3 (canine)
antipyretic + analgesic action
*no anti-inflammatory action
oral + rectal
**metabolite is toxic
69
Q

celecoxib

A

NSAID
cox-2 inhibitor
OA, RA, dysmenorrhea, pain, FAP (dec # polyps)
*decreased GI effects but increased CV effects

70
Q

hydroxychloroquine sulfate

A

non-biologic DMARD
RA, SLE, antimaleria
**ocular toxicity

71
Q

Methotrexate

A

non-biologic DMARD + cytotoxic/antiproliferative agent

Crohns, RA, JRA, Leukemia, tumors

72
Q

Sulfasalazine

A

non-biologic DMARD

RA, chronic UC

73
Q

leflundamide

A

non-biologic DMARD

RA

74
Q

etanercept

A

biologic DMARD
human fusion protein, blocks TNF receptor binding
SubQ injection
RA, JRA

75
Q

Infliximab

A

biologic DMARD
chimeric monoclonal igG1 antibody against TNF-a
IV infusion
RA, Crohns

76
Q

Anakinra

A

biologic DMARD

IL-1 receptor antagonist

77
Q

prednisone

A

corticosteroid
immunosuppression
allergies, hematologic disorders, hepatic + renal disease, collagen disorders

78
Q

methylprednisone

A

corticosteroid
immunosuppression
allergies, hematologic disorders, hepatic + renal disease, collagen disorders

79
Q

cyclophosphamide

A

cytotoxic + antiproliferative agent
immunosuppression
alkylates DNA + non-specifically inhibits cell cycle
RA, leukemia, tumors

80
Q

azathioprine

A

cytotoxic + antiproliferative agent
immunosuppression
antimetabolite, stop cell cycle at S phase
renal allotransplantation, RA

81
Q

methotrexate

A

DMARD + cytotoxic + antiproliferative agent
immunosuppression
antimetabolite (inhibit dihydrofolic acid)
tx toxicity with leucovarin calcium
crohns, RA, leukemia, tumors

82
Q

mycophenolate mofetil

A

cytotoxic + antiproliferative agent
immunosuppression
inhibits synthesis of purines
renale, liver, heart transplant prophylaxis
used in conjunction with cyclosporine + corticosteroids

83
Q

cyclosporine

A 
T cell suppressant
immunosuppression
inhibit calcineurin phosphaatase
renal, liver, heart transplant, RA, psoriasis
IV + oral
84
Q

muromab-CD3

A

T cell suppressant, murine
immunosuppression
renal, liver, heart, pancreas transplant

85
Q

lymphocyte immune globulin

A

T cell suppressant, horse
immunosuppression
renal transplant, aplastic anemia
used w/ antimetabolites + corticosteroids

86
Q

daclizumab

A

T cell suppressant, human
immunosuppression
renal, heart transplant
used w/ cyclosporine + corticosteroids

87
Q

Rh0 immune globulin

A

immunosuppression
human immune globulin
to prevent Rh hemolytic disease of the newborn

88
Q

immune globulin

A

replacement therapy agent
human immune globulin with IgG + IgM
increases passive immunity
hypogammaglobulinemia, HIV pts

89
Q

interferon beta-1b

A

immunomodulator
165 aa, antiviral + immunoregulatory
relapsing-remitting MS

90
Q

interferon gamma-1b

A

immunomodulator
140aa, phagocyte activating + ab dependent cytotoxicity
CGD, osteoporosis

91
Q

RA & OA treatment

A

all NSAIDs except ketorolac + Melonomic acid

92
Q

Juevinile RA

A

Tolmetin + naproxen

93
Q

Drugs to induce ductus arteriosis closure

A

indomethacin + ibuprofen

Pharm (2 decks)

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