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Pharm > Pharm Exam 3 > Flashcards

Pharm Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Prerenal

A

Conditions caused by circulation changes to the kidney (e.g. MI)

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2
Q

Intrarenal

A

Conditions caused within kidney organ itself (e.g. tumor)

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3
Q

Postrenal

A

Conditions caused by changes in outflow from kidney (e.g. kidney stones)

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4
Q

Proximal Convoluted Tubule

A

65% of filtered sodium and chloride reabs.

Mannitol

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5
Q

Loop of Henle

A

20% of filtered sodium and chloride
Furosemide
“High-Ceiling” Diuretics

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6
Q

Distal Convoluted Tubule

A

10% of filtered sodium/ chloride

Thiazides

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7
Q

Late Distal Convoluted Tubule

A

1-5% of filtered sodium/ chloride

Spironolactone

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8
Q

Anasarca

A

Generalized edema

End-stage renal disease

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9
Q

Equations

A

BP=CO x PVR

CO=SV x HR

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10
Q

Imipenem (Primaxin)

A

CARBAPENEM subgroup
Broad-spectrum antibiotic
Gram + & Gram -, no MRSA

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11
Q

Alprazolam (Xanax)

A

Benzodiazepine
Short-acting anxiolytic
Binds to specific sites on GABAa receptors

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12
Q

Macrolides

A

Erythromycin
Clarithromycin
Azithromycin
Telthromycin

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13
Q

SE/AE 1st Gen AntiHistamines

A 
Sedation (can cross blood-brain barrier)
Dizziness
Tinnitus
Blurred vision
Urinary retention
Palpitations
Hypotension
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14
Q

Muscle Spasm Agents

A

Diazepam (Valium)
Carisoprodol (Soma)
Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)

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15
Q

Theophylline

A 
Xanthine
Used for resp, COPD & asthma
Relax bronchial smooth muscle
Increase heart contractility, BP, HR
Narrow therapeutic window
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16
Q

Ibuprofen

A

NSAID
Relieves pain, alleviates fever, reduce inflamm
400 dose, 1200 day

17
Q

Positive Inotropic Agents

A

Increase myocardial contracitility.

Calcium, Catecholamines, Digoxin

18
Q

Negative Inotropic Agents

A

Decrease myocardial contractility.

Beta Blockers, CCBs, antiarrhythmics

19
Q

Antianginal Agents: 4 Classes

A

Organic nitrates (Nitroglycerin)
Calcium Channel Blockers (Verapamil & diltiazem (Cardizem))
Beta-adrenergic Blockers (Metroprolol)
pFox Inhibitors (Fatty acid oxidation inhibitors) (ranolazine (Ranexa)

20
Q

Nitrovasodilators: AE

A 
Excessive vasodilation
Orthostatic hypotension
Tachycardia
Severe throbbing headache
Dizziness
Flushing
Syncope

Contrainidicated in patients with elevated intracranial pressure, no to Viagra

21
Q

Repurfusion Therapy: STEMI

A

Restoration of blood flow through the blocked coronary arteries in STEMI.

  1. Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
  2. Fibrinolytic Therapy (eg tPA, Streptokinase)
also:
Heparin
Antiplatelet agents
ACE inhibitors
ARBs

Pharm (3 decks)

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