pharm - cholinergic antagonists

Question 1

Atropine

Answer 1

muscarinic (cholinergic) antagonist - plant alkaloid

inhibits effects of parasympathetic NS

used for:
sinus bradycardia & AV block - increases HR
facilitating eye exam - mydriatic effect

Question 2

Scopalamine

Answer 2

muscarinic (cholinergic) antagonist - plant alkaloid

inhibits effects of parasympathetic NS

used for:
tx of motion sickness (Scopalamine patch)
facilitating eye exam - mydriatic effect

Question 3

Hyoscyamine

Answer 3

muscarinic (cholinergic) antagonist - plant alkaloid

inhibits effects of parasympathetic NS

used for:
tx of intestinal spasms/ pain
(relaxes GI muscle, decreases intestinal motility)

Question 4

Ipratropium

Answer 4

muscarinic (cholinergic) antagonist - synthetic

inhibits effects of parasympathetic NS

used for:
tx of COPD, emphysema, and bronchitis (ATROVENT)
(increases bronchodilation)

Question 5

Tolterodine

Answer 5

muscarinic (cholinergic) antagonist - synthetic

inhibits effects of parasympathetic NS

used for:
tx dysuria (painful urination) & urinary incontinence

Question 6

Oxybutynin

Answer 6

muscarinic (cholinergic) antagonist - synthetic

inhibits effects of parasympathetic NS

used for:
tx dysuria (painful urination) & urinary incontinence

Question 7

Propantheline

Answer 7

muscarinic (cholinergic) antagonist - synthetic

inhibits effects of parasympathetic NS

Question 8

Dicyclomine

Answer 8

muscarinic (cholinergic) antagonist - synthetic

inhibits effects of parasympathetic NS

used for:
tx of intestinal spasms/ pain
(relaxes GI muscle, decreases intestinal motility)

Question 9

Benztropine

Answer 9

muscarinic (cholinergic) antagonist - synthetic

inhibits effects of parasympathetic NS

used for:
tx of Parkinson’s disease (reduces tremors)

Question 10

Tiotropium

Answer 10

muscarinic (cholinergic) antagonist

inhibits effects of parasympathetic NS

used for:
tx of COPD, emphysema, bronchitis (SPIRIVA)
(increases bronchodilation)

Question 11

Trihexyphenidyl

Answer 11

muscarinic (cholinergic) antagonist

inhibits effects of parasympathetic NS

used for:
tx of Parkinson’s disease (reduces tremors)

Question 12

Trimethaphan

Answer 12

nicotinic (cholinergic) antagonist -
ganglionic blocker

used rarely for hypertensive emergency
(limited use due to adverse effects)

Question 13

Atracurium

Answer 13

nicotinic (cholinergic) antagonist - nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker

competitive antagonist of ACH at nicotinic muscle receptors –> causes muscle relaxation & paralysis

used for surgery!

effects reversed by - cholinesterase inhibitor

Question 14

Pancuronium

Answer 14

nicotinic (cholinergic) antagonist - nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker

competitive antagonist of ACH at nicotinic muscle receptors –> causes muscle relaxation & paralysis

used for surgery!

effects reversed by - cholinesterase inhibitor

Question 15

Vecuronium

Answer 15

nicotinic (cholinergic) antagonist - nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker

competitive antagonist of ACH at nicotinic muscle receptors –> causes muscle relaxation & paralysis

used for surgery!

effects reversed by - cholinesterase inhibitor

Question 16

Succinycholine

Answer 16

nicotinic (cholinergic) antagonist - depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

causes “persistent” depolarization – keeps muscles from contracting (THINK LONGTERM)

used for surgery (especially intubation)

effects NOT reversed by cholinesterase inhibitors