Pharm - Asthma Drugs Flashcards
Parasympathetic nerves control what 2 structures in lungs?
Bronchial smooth muscle, mucosal glands
Mucosal cells have what type of muscarinic receptors?
M1, M3
Bronchial SM has what type of muscarinic receptors?
M2, M3
Besides bronchial SM, where else can M2 receptors be found? What is their purpose here?
M2 receptors can be found at pre ganglionic nerve terminal, inhibit release of Ach into synapse of neuromuscular junction
Besides muscarinic receptor at parasympathetic pre ganglionic nerve terminal, what other receptor is present? What is released from it?
Nicotinic receptors, release Ach
The only receptor (if you block it) at presynaptic ganglion terminal that blocks ganglionic signal (blocks the release of Ach from the nerve terminal) is?
nicotinic receptor
In asthma exacerbation, what neurotransmitter is released via post ganglionic parasympathetic nerves, worsening the asthma?
Ach released into NMJ, worsening bronchoconstriction
In asthma, what does the accumulation of eosinophils at the parasympathetic post ganglionic synapse cause?
Eosinophil accumulation will inhibit M2 receptors at NMJ, allowing Ach to be released, worsening the asthma exacerbation
Sympathetic innervation of lung primarily along what? What receptors here?
blood vessels, alpha 1,2, beta2
Adrenergic receptor density highest in what part of lungs?
bronchioles
Muscarinic receptor density highest in what part of lungs?
Trachea, upper airways
Which is more effects, B2 agonists or muscarinic antagonists? Why
B2 agonists, because of location of B2 receptors. They are in the bronchioles vs muscarinic receptors being in the trachea and upper airways.
Norepi stimulates what receptors?
alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1
Beta 2 receptors can only be stimulated by what adrenergic neurotransmitter?
Epinephrine. not norepi
Nonspecific beta agonists?
- Epinephrine
- Ephedrine
- Isoproterenol
B2 specific, quick onset-short acting drugs?
- Albuterol
- Xopenex (Levalbuterol)
- Terbutaline