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NPLEX2 Med Interventions > Pharm Adv > Flashcards

Pharm Adv Flashcards

1
Q

Atenolol

A

selective beta blocker (beta 1)

CI: conduction blocks, shock, PVD, DM

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2
Q

Propranolol

A

non-selective beta blocker (beta 1, 2)

CI: conduction blocks, shock, PVD, DM, PAD, hemorrhage

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3
Q

Lisinopril

A

ACEI

First line CHF

SE: dry cough, potentially fatal - severe HYPOtn, angioedema

CI: angioedema, renal stenosis

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4
Q

Amlodipine

A

CCB

First line Prinzmetal angina

SE: edema CI: CHF

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5
Q

Clonidine

A

a2-adrenergic agonist

SE: dry mouth, somnolence

CI: conduction / pacemaker

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6
Q

Valsartan

A

ARB

SE: dizziness

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7
Q

Spironolactone

A

K-sparing diuretic (weakest)

SE: hyperkalemia, gynecomastia

CI: impaired renal function

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8
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide

A

diuretic, K-wasting (middle)

nephrogenic DI

SE: hypokalemia, met. alkalosis, gout, inc insulin need

CI: sulfa sensitivity, Addison’s, liver/renal dz

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9
Q

Furosemide

A

loop diuretic, K-wasting (strongest)

SIADH

SE: hypokalemia, hyperuricemia

CI: dehydration/electrolyte imbalance, sulfa sensitivity, liver/renal dz

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10
Q

Nitroglycerin

A

anti-anginas / nitrate vasodilator

SE: HA

CI: MI, anemia, Sildenafil use

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11
Q

Digoxin / Lanoxin

A

cardiac stimulant / digitalis glycoside

CHF, SV arrhythmia, A fib/flutter

SE: dizziness, mental disturbance

CI: toxicity, V tach/fib, obstructive cardiomyopathy

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12
Q

Amiodarone

A

antiarrythmic

SE: photosensitivity, skin discoloration, nervous system imbalance - ataxia, tremor, paresthesia

CI: SA or AV blocks, shock, bradycardia

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13
Q

Atorvastatin

A

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

SE: HA, chest pain, edema

CI: liver dz/elevated enzymes, porphyria, pregnancy X

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14
Q

Gemfibrozil

A

Fibrate

SE: dyspepsia, abd pain

CI: liver/GB/renal dz

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15
Q

Bromocriptine / Parlodel

A

dopamine agonist

SE: N/V, HA, psychosis, hypotension

CI: Breast CA, lactation, ergot sensitivity, HTN, ischemic heart disease

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16
Q

Propythiouracil / PTU

A

antithyroid agent

SE: skin rash, warfarin interference

CI: hypothyroid, pregnancy

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17
Q

Levothyroxine / Synthroid

A

T4

SE: insomnia, irritability, tachycardia

CI: acute MI, thyrotoxicosis, adrenal insufficiency

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18
Q

Desiccated thyroid USP / Armour

A

T3 / T4

SE: tachycardia, insomnia, HA, diarrhea, tremor, arrhythmia

CI: acute MI, thyrotoxicosis, adrenal insufficiency

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19
Q

Glyburide

A

sulfonylurea - inc insulin secretion

SE: photosensitivity, weight gain

CI: DM I, DKA, sulfa allergy

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20
Q

Sitagliptin

A

DPP-4 inhibitor - raise incretin, inhibit glucagon release

SE: nausea, cold-like sx, photosensitivity, pancreatitis risk, jt pain

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21
Q

Pioglitazone

A

glitazone (or TZD) - reduces insulin resistance, decreases gluconeogenesis

SE: fracture, edema / CHF, anemia, bladder cancer?

CI: CHF, DM I, DKA, liver dz

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22
Q

Tamoxifen

A

SERM

SE: amenorrhea, fluid retention, nausea, hot flash, vag d/c or hemorrhage, weight loss, endometrial CA

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23
Q

Raloxifene / Evista

A

SERM

breast cancer, osteoporosis

SE: inc risk of DVT, PE, death from stroke, hot flashes

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24
Q

Mometasone

A

topical corticosteroid - medium strength

AE: inflammatory dermatoses, nasal polyps, allergies

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25
Isotretinoin
retinoid **SE**: birth defects, dyslipidemia, chelitis, conjunctivitis **CI**: pregnancy X
26
Terbinafine / Lamisil
anti fungal **SE**: elev. LFTs, hepatotoxic **CI**: liver/renal dz, lactation
27
Misoprostol / Cytotec
prostaglandin **SE**: diarrhea, abd pain **CI**: pregnancy X
28
Sucralfate / Carafate
pepsin inhibitor **SE**: constipation
29
Dicyclomine / Bentyl
antispasmodic / antimuscarinic (anticholinergic) **SE**: constipation, dyspepsia, dry mouth, urinary retention **CI**: obstruction, severe UC, glaucoma, reflux esophagitis
30
Loperamide
opioid analogue **SE**: constipation, drowsiness **CI**: bloody or infectious diarrhea, high fever, acute UC, psuedomembranous colitis
31
Bismuth subsalicylate / Pepto
salicylate (anti-secretory) **SE**: nausea, black tongue **CI**: aspirin, other salicylates, inc bleeding w/warfarin
32
Sodium phosphate enema
phosphoric acid salt / saline laxative **SE**: acute renal failure, hypoglycemia, hyper-Na/K **CI**: children, comorbid elderly; N/V, severe pain, renal impairment
33
Sulfasalazine / Azulfidine
salicylate sulfonamide (anti-inflam, anti-rheum) **SE**: anorexia, HA, N/V, gastric distress, oligospermia **CI**: sulfa or salicylate sensitivity, GI or urinary obstruction, porphyria, infants
34
Metoclopramide
dopamin antagonist / antiemetic **SE**: dystonia/tardive dysk, fatigue, sedation, restlessness **CI**: GI hemorrhage, Parkinsons, perforation, epilepsy, pheo, Rx: phenothiazines, butyrophenones
35
Prochlorperazine
dopamine antagonist / antiemetic **SE**: uncontrollable restlessness, sedation, antichol. sx **CI**: coma, CNS depression (meds), HTN, CVD, poor seizure control, lactation
36
Rivastigmine
cholinesterase inhibitor **SE**: diarrhea, N/V, cramps, vivid dreams
37
Tolterodine
anticholinergic **SE**: dry eyes/mouth, HA, dizziness, tachycardia, etc **CI**: urinary retention, close-angle glaucoma
38
Finasteride
5-alpha reductase inhibitor **SE**: gynecomastia, impotence, dec libido **CI**: exposure to women/children
39
Tamsulosin / Flomax
selective a1 adrenergic blocker **SE**: abn ejaculation, arthralgia, hypotension, HA
40
Sildenafil
vasodilator **SE**: HA, epistaxis, insomnia, AV block **CI**: nitrate use - fatal _hypotension_
41
Phenazopyridine
non-opioid analgesic **SE**: GI, HA, rash, discoloration of fluids **CI**: severe liver/kidney impairment
42
Deferoxamine
iron chelator **SE**: neurotoxic, inc risk of cataract **CI**: pregnancy, kidney dz
43
DMSA
lead, mercury, antimony, arsenic chelator **SE**: N/V, diarrhea, pain, gas, elev LFTs
44
EDTA
mercury, lead, iron chelator **SE**: fever, chills, fatigue, pain, arrhythmia, HA, N/V, etc **CI**: anuria, renal/hepatic dz
45
DMPS
mercury, gold, arsenic chelator
46
HPV quadrivalent
**SE**: HA, fever, nausea, seizures **CI**: allergy to yeast
47
Hepatitis A vax
**CI**: egg allergy, immunosuppressant use, HIV
48
Hepatitis B vax
**CI**: egg allergy, immunosuppressant use, HIV
49
Influenza vax
**CI**: live attenuated virus w/ asthma, egg allergy
50
RGE / Rotarix (RotaTeq)
**SE**: fever, N/V, diarrhea, gas, bronchospasm, OM, seizure **CI**: hx of intussusception or GI malformation
51
Anastrozole
aromatase inhibitor **SE**: hot flashes, vasodilation, fatigue, N/V
52
5-Fluorouracil / Adrucil
antimetabolite **SE**: hematologic toxicity, hemorrhage, death
53
Vinblastine / Velban
mitotic inhibitor IV only; extravasation -\> cellulitis
54
Doxorubicin / Adriamycin
anthracycline **SE**: myelosuppression, _cardiotoxicity_, liver damage, many drug rxns
55
Methotrexate
folic acid antagonist **SE**: hepatotoxicity, myelosuppression, nephropathy
56
Paclitaxel
mitotic inhibitor **SE**: neutropenia **CI**: pregnancy, nursing, alcoholic, blood dyscrasia
57
Trastuzumab / Herceptin
HER-2 inhibitor **SE**: _potentially fatal heart_, lung, inj site problems
58
Diphenhydramine
H1 blocker **SE**: drowsiness, dry mouth, blurred vision 50mg IV + epinephrine for severe anaphylaxis 25-50mg p.o. q8 hrs over 24 hours for mild
59
Epinephrine
sympathomimetic **AE**: anxiety/restlessness, tremor, dizziness, sweating, palpitations, headache,
60
Atropine
anti arrhythmic, anticholinergic **SE**: tachy, palpitation, mydriasis, dry mouth **CI**: close-angle glaucoma, myasthenia gravis, ileus, megacolon
61
Dextroamphetamine
CNS stimulant **SE**: appetite loss, insomnia, palpitation, tachycardia **CI**: hyperthyroid, glaucoma, HTN, MAOI
62
Methylphenidate
piperidine derivative **SE**: HA, insomnia, appetite loss, N/V **CI**: glaucoma, tourettes, severe anxiety
63
Oxymetazoline
decongestant **SE**: stinging, burning, rebound congestion **CI**: glaucoma, hyperthyroid, CVD, HTN
64
Pseudoephedrine
a- b-adrenergic agonist, decongestant **SE**: rebound congestion, fear, anxiety, confusion **CI**: severe HTN, pheo
65
Phenylephrine
sympathomimetic, decongestant **SE**: anxiety, reflex bradycardia, HA, HTN, N/V **CI**: HTN, v tach, glaucoma
66
Phentermine
sympathomimetic, weight loss agent **SE**: hives, GI upset, palpitation, HTN, restlessness **CI**: pulm HTN, hyperthyroid, CVD, glaucoma
67
Nicotine
cholinergic, smoking cessation **SE**: HA, flu sx, insomnia, nausea, vivid dreams **CI**: nonsmokers, recent CVA / MI, unstable angina
68
Alprazolam
anxiolytic **SE**: drowsiness, depression, HA **CI**: glaucoma, CNS / resp depression, OSA
69
Buspirone
azaspirodecanedione / anxiolytic **SE**: dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, HA **CI**: epilepsy, MAOI, renal / hepatic dz
70
Zolpidem / Ambien
hypnotic, sedative **SE**: amnesia, sedation, N/V, dizziness, confusion **CI**: hepatic insufficiency
71
Melatonin
tryptamine **SE**: inc seizures, drowsiness, HA, disturbed circadian rhythm **CI**: immunosuppressive tx
72
Carbamazepine
anticonvulsant, antiseizure **SE**: ataxia, dizziness, drowsiness, N/V **CI**: bone marrow depression, porphyria, pregnancy, MAOI
73
Phenytoin
anticonvulsant **SE**: anorexia, HA, dizziness, tremor, GI upset **CI**: sinus bradycardia heart block, pregnancy
74
Modafinil
CNS stimulant **SE**: HA, insomnia, anxiety **CI**: unmanaged HTN / arrhythmia, heart dz
75
Carisoprodol
muscle relaxant **SE**: dizziness, drowsiness, GI distress, orthostatic HTN
76
Ketamine
NMDA antagonist, anesthetic **SE**: HTN, inc intracranial pressure, hallucination **CI**: HTN, CVA, eye injury / pressure, psych d/o
77
Cyclobenzaprine
muscle relaxant, ANS agent **SE**: drowsiness, dry mouth, HA, dizziness **CI**: MI, arrhythmia, liver dz
78
Levodopa-carbidopa / Sinemet
dopamine precursor / decarboxylase inhibitor **SE**: dyskinesia, N/V, hallucination, depression **CI**: lactation, glaucoma, MI
79
Pramipexole
dopamine agonist **SE**: narcolepsy, nausea, constipation **CI**: lactation
80
Amitriptyline
TCA **SE**: lethargy, anticholinergic effects **CI**: significant CVD, sensitivity to TCA or BZD
81
Fluoxetine
SSRI **SE**: anxiety, drowsiness, insomnia, sexual dysfxn **CI**: MAOI
82
Trazodone
phenylpiperazine **SE**: drowsiness, dry mouth, HA, blurred vision, N/V **CI**: MAOIs, MI, pregnancy, suicidality
83
Phenelzine
MAOI **SE**: postural hypotension, dizziness, HA, insomnia **CI**: uncontrolled HTN, CVD, CHF, pheo, liver/renal dz
84
Lithium / Eskalith
mood stabilizer, **SE**: polyuria, fatigue, memory impairment, acne, tremor, DI **CI**: renal/cardio dz, sodium depletion, dehydration, hypothyroid
85
Codeine
opioid agonist **SE**: constipation, sedation, hypotension, dependence **CI**: acute abd, diarrhea, resp depression, post-op in children for tonsillectomy
86
Hydrocodone
opioid agonist **SE**: constipation, N/V, drowsiness, confusion, CV d/o **CI**: obstructive airway dz, resp depression
87
Oxycodone
opioid agonist **SE**: urinary spasm, CV effects, dysphoria, mood change, dependence, miosis, dec libido **CI**: resp depression, alcoholism, risk of ileus, head injury
88
Methadone
opioid agonist **SE**: N/V, constipation, anorexia, abd pain, resp depression **CI**: resp depression, bronchial asthma, alcoholism
89
Morphine
opioid agonist **SE**: pruritus, urinary retention, vomiting, HA, somnolence **CI**: resp depression, asthma, ileus, obstructive airway dz, liver dz, coma, alcoholism, MAOI
90
Naltrexone
opioid antagonist **SE**: N/V, HA, anorexia, insomnia, dizziness, arthralgia **CI**: concurrent opioid use, liver dz
91
Sumatriptan / Imitrex
5-HT agonist **SE**: paresthesia, dizziness, warm/hot sensation **CI**: hx of MI / stroke, liver dz, IHD, uncontrolled HTN, PVD
92
Oxytocin / Pitocin
uterine stimulant **SE**: hypotension, reflex tachycardia, uterine bleeding **fetus**: jaundice, arrhythmia, bradycardia, seizure, low apgar
93
Hydroxyzine
anxiolytic, antihistamine **SE**: CNS depression or paradoxical stimulation, dry mouth, thickened secretions
94
Fluticasone
corticosteroid **SE**: URI, HA, oral candidiasis, cough **CI**: status asthmatics, acute bronchospasm
95
Albuterol / Salbutamol
b2 agonist **SE**: tremor, HTN, vomiting, vertigo **CI**: eclampsia, uterine infx, antepartum hemorrhage, CVD
96
Tiotropium bromide
anticholinergic, antimuscarinic **SE**: URI, dry mouth, sinusitis CI: severe sensitivity to milk proteins
97
Montelukast sodium
leukotriene receptor antagonist **SE**: HA
98
Dextromethorphan
antitussive **SE**: dizziness, hallucination, fever, HTN **CI**: risk of resp failure, MAOI, persistent cough
99
Guifenesin
expectorant **SE**: N/V/discomfort, dizziness, drowsy, HA, rash **CI**: persistent cough
100
Oxymetazoline
Decongestant **SE**: local sting/burn, dryness, rebound congestion **CI**: glaucoma, hyperthyroid, CVD, HTN, arteriosclerosis

NPLEX2 Med Interventions (3 decks)

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