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Pharm Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What is the difference between topical and transdermal drug therapy?

A 
Topical = dermal issue
Transdermal = systemic issue
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2
Q

What is the correct order of most to least moisturizing vehicles?

A 
Occlusive dressing
Ointment
Cream 
Lotion
Gel 
Spray 
Solution
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3
Q

When should a wet dressing be used?

A

With an oozing/weeping wound to promote evaporation

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4
Q

Which acne medications reduce the number of bacteria on the skin?

A

Benzoyl peroxide
Topical abx
Oral abx

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5
Q

Which acne medications reduce sebum production or presence?

A

Benzoyl peroxide

Isotretinoin

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6
Q

Which acne medications increase cell turnover?

A

Benzoyl peroxide
Tretinoin
Adalapene
Salicylic acid

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7
Q

What is a low concentration of salicylic acid used for?

A

Abnormal keratinization i.e. corns

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8
Q

What is a medium concentration of salicylic acid used for?

A

Skin peeling

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9
Q

What is a high concentration of salicylic acid used for?

A

Caustic effects i.e. plantar warts

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10
Q

What is the MOA of finasteride?

A

Inhibits conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT)

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11
Q

What is the MOA of minoxidil?

A

Stimulates follicles, follicular cycling, and VEGF

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12
Q

What is the MOA of eflronithine?

A

Inhibits enzyme responsible for hair cell division

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13
Q

What size tube should be prescribed BID x1 week for lesions of the head and neck or one arm or hands and feet?

A

15gm

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14
Q

What size tube should be prescribed TID x2 weeks for lesions of the head and neck or one arm or hands and feet?

A

30gm

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15
Q

What size tube should be prescribed BID x4 weeks for lesions of the head and neck or one arm or hands and feet?

A

45gm

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16
Q

What size tube should be prescribed BID x1 week for lesions of the trunk?

A

80gm

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17
Q

What size tube should be prescribed TID x2 weeks for lesions of the trunk?

A

160gm

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18
Q

What size tube should be prescribed BID x4 weeks for lesions of the trunk?

A

240gm

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19
Q

What size tube should be prescribed BID x1 week for lesions of one leg?

A

30gm

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20
Q

What size tube should be prescribed TID x2 weeks for lesions of one leg?

A

90gm

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21
Q

What size tube should be prescribed BID x4 weeks for lesions of one leg?

A

120gm

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22
Q

What size tube should be prescribed BID x1 week for lesions of the body?

A

180gm

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23
Q

What size tube should be prescribed TID x2 weeks for lesions of the body?

A

454gm

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24
Q

What size tube should be prescribed BID x4 weeks for lesions of the body?

A

454gm

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25
Q

What factors are decreased in elderly skin?

A

Blood flow
Sebaceous glands
Sweat glands

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26
Q

What do these decreased factors lead to?

A

Thin and damaged skin w/increased risk for systemic absorption of topical agents leading to toxicity

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27
Q

What are the ASEs of topical corticosteroids?

A

Skin atrophy
Telangiectasia
Striae

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28
Q

When are topical corticosteroids CI?

A

Skin breaks/infections

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29
Q

What drugs are considered miscellaneous topical antipruritics?

A

Pramoxine
Diphenhydramine
Doxepin

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30
Q

What are the ASEs of pramoxine?

A

Burning

Rash

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31
Q

What formulation of diphenhydramine should be used?

A

PO

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32
Q

Is pramoxine available OTC or Rx only?

A

OTC

33
Q

What formulation of doxepin should be used?

A

Cream

34
Q

Is doxepine available OTC or Rx only?

A

Rx only

35
Q

What is the ASE of azelaic acid?

A

Lightens skin

36
Q

What are the ASEs of benzoyl peroxide?

A

Drying

Bleaches clothing

37
Q

What are the ASEs of tretinoin?

A

Skin irritation

Photosensitivity

38
Q

What are the additional ASEs of isotretinoin?

A

Depression

Teratogenicity, CI pregnancy

39
Q

What is the benefit of adalapene?

A

Less skin irritation than tretinoin

40
Q

What is calcipotriene used for?

A

1st line tx psoriasis

41
Q

When should calcipotriene be taken?

A

AM

42
Q

What are the ASEs of calcipotriene?

A

Hypercalcemia

43
Q

What is tazarotene used for?

A

Psoriasis

44
Q

When should tazarotene be taken?

A

PM

45
Q

What are the ASEs of tazarotene?

A

Skin irritation

Teratogenicity, CI pregnancy

46
Q

What is coal tar used for?

A

Psoriasis

47
Q

What are the ASEs of coal tar?

A

Smell

Staining

48
Q

What is a benefit of coal tar?

A

Cheap

49
Q

What must be done to coal tar prior to use?

A

Dilution

50
Q

What is acitretin used for?

A

Severe psoriasis refractory to treatment

51
Q

What is the ASE of acitretin?

A

Teratogenicity, CI pregnancy within 3 years

52
Q

What is etanercept used for?

A

Psoriatic arthritis

53
Q

What are the disadvantages of etanercept?

A

Systemic

Expensive

54
Q

What are the ASEs of finasteride?

A 
Sexual dysfunction 
Gynecomastia 
Testicular pain
Depression
Teratogenicity, CI pregnancy
55
Q

What are the benefits of minoxidil?

A

Shorter duration of tx

Less ASEs: contact dermatitis only

56
Q

What are the disadvantages of eflornithine?

A

Expensive
Rx only
3rd line tx s/p OCPs/spironolactone

57
Q

What are the ASEs of podophyllotoxin resin?

A

Necrosis
Ulceration
Chemical burns (cervix and vagina)

58
Q

What are the benefits of podophyllotoxin?

A

Self application

59
Q

What is permethrin used for?

A

1st line tx lice and scabies

60
Q

What is ivermectin used for?

A

Lice >6mo

61
Q

What are the benefits to ivermectin?

A

One time application

PO formulation

62
Q

What is spinosad used for?

A

Lice >6mo

63
Q

What is lindane used for?

A

Lice and scabies >2yo

64
Q

What is the ASE of lindane limiting its use?

A

CNS toxicity

65
Q

What is malathion used for?

A

Lice >6yo

66
Q

What is crotamiton used for?

A

2nd line tx scabies

67
Q

What organisms does bacitracin cover?

A

Gram positive

68
Q

What organisms do gentamicin, neomycin, and polymyxin B cover?

A

Gram negative

69
Q

What is the ASE of neomycin?

A

Increased skin irritation

70
Q

What is silver sulfadiazene used for?

A

Burns

71
Q

What is erythromycin/clarithromycin used for?

A

Acne

72
Q

What is mupirocin used for?

A

Impetigo d/t MRSA

73
Q

What are the available formulations of nystatin?

A

Suspension
Cream
Ointment

74
Q

What is nystatin used for?

A

Candidiasis

75
Q

What are the available formulations of clotrimazole?

A

Powder

Cream

76
Q

What is clotrimazole used for?

A

Tinea versicolor

77
Q

What are the available formulations of terbinafine?

A

Powder
Cream
Oral

78
Q

What is terbinafine used for?

A

Tinea pedis

Onychomycosis

Derm (6 decks)

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