Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

DT4 Exam 2 > Pharm > Flashcards

Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

stimulation acid secretion

A

Ach, histamine, gastrin to parietal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ach indirect

A

release of histamine from ECL in fundus and gastrin from G cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Gastrin indirect

A

release of histamine from ECL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

signaling Ach and gastrin

A

Gq

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

signaling histamine

A

Gs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

antacids for GERD

A

weak bases that react with gastric acid

basic group neutralizes acid to form water, CO2 and chloride salts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

systemic antacids

A

NaHCO3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

non-systemic antacids

A

CaCO3, AlOH, MgOH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

role of simethicone

A

surfactant that decreases foaming and esophageal reflux

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

adverse effects antacids

A

metabolic alkalosis
Na alterations in CHF
Ca-rebound acid secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Al causes

A

constipation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Mg

A

diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

hypophosphatemia

A

from Al and Mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

renal function decrease and antacids

A

systemic toxicity from Al and Mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

drug interactions antacids

A

change in pH

decrease by iron, theophylline, quinolone, isoniazid, tetracycline, ketoconazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

MOA histamine H2 antagonists

A

competitive antagonists
decrease volume and H content of gastric juice
decrease pepsin secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

H2 metabolism in liver

A

cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

H2 metabolism in kidney

A

nizatidine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

inhibition of acid by H2

A

mostly nocturnal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

uses H2 antagonist

A

gastric and duodenal ulcers
GERD
zollinger-ellison
acute stress ulcers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

drug interactions H2

A

cimetidine CYP450 inhibitor

may increase toxicity of secodn drug dose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

MOA PPI

A

irreversibly inhibit H/K ATPase to decrease basal and stimulated gastric acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

activation of PPI

A

requires acidic environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

uses PPI

A

peptic ulcers (faster healing than H2RA)
GERD
Zollinger-Ellison

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

PPI with continued NSAID use

A

lansoprazole

26
Q

prolonged PPI adverse

A

CKD and ESRD

27
Q

drug interactions PPI

A

omeprazole and esomeprazole-inhibits 2c19 (can increase level of valium, can inhibit conversion of clopidogrel to active form)

28
Q

MOA misoprostol

A

analog of PGE1

decrease acid and increase mucous and HCO3

29
Q

adverse misoprostol

A

GI
exacerbation IBD
uterine contractions-contraindicated pregnancy

30
Q

MOA sucralfate

A

ph<4 sticky gel that adheres to GI epithelial cells and ulcer craters
protective barrier and stimulates PGE2 production

31
Q

adverse sucralfate

A

Al causing constipation

antagonized by increased gastric pH

32
Q

MOA bismuth

A

coats ulcers, increases mucus and HCO3

33
Q

adverse bismuth

A

darken oral cavity and stool from reaction with bacterial H2S

34
Q

MOA metoclopramide

A

cholinergic agonist and dopamine antagonist

increases esophageal clearance, increase LES pressure and gastric emptying

35
Q

uses metoclopramide

A

GERD

diabetic gastroparesis

36
Q

adverse metoclopramide

A

hyperprolactinemia
CNS
tardive dyskinesia

37
Q

triple therapy for h pylori

A

ppi claritho and metro/amox

38
Q

quadruple therapy for h pylori

A

ppi metro bismut and tetra or H2RA and bismuth metro and tetra
use in areas of high resistance to clarithro and metro

39
Q

luminally active agents

A

enhance retention of intraluminal fluid by hydrophilic or osmotic mechanisms

40
Q

nonspecific stimulants or irritants

A

decrease net absorption of fluid

41
Q

prokinetic agents

A

act on motility

42
Q

bulk forming laxatives

A

bran, whole grains, psyllium, methylcellulose, Ca polycarbophil
absorb water to soften stool

43
Q

osmotic laxatives

A

soluble but non-absorbable

saline (magnesium salts and phosphate salts), lactulose and mannitol

44
Q

saline laxatives

A

act via osmotic pressure to retain water in colon

45
Q

lactulose and mannitol

A

hydrolyzed to short chain FA

osmotic effects retain water and promote colonic propulsive motility

46
Q

stimulant laxatives

A

bisacodyl stimulates mucosal water and electrolyte secretion

47
Q

surfactant laxatives

A

docusates and castor oil

lower surface tension to allow mixing of aqueous and fatty substances

48
Q

metabolism castor oil

A

to ricinoleic acid in SI-anionic surfactant

49
Q

mineral oil

A

aliphatic hydrocarbon from petroleum

can depress absorption of fat-soluble vitamins

50
Q

aspiration mineral oil

A

lipid pneumonitis

51
Q

lubiprostone

A

metabolite PGE1

opens chloride channels to accelerate stool transit time

52
Q

linaclotide

A

guanylate cyclase C agonist increasses intraluminal fluid and accelerates intestinal transit

53
Q

adverse linaclotide

A

diarrhea, abdominal pain, flatulence

cannot be used in patients <18

54
Q

naloxegol

A

pegylated derivative naloxone

reduced ability to cross BBB

55
Q

adverse naloxegol

A

abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, flatulence, vomiting

56
Q

contraindications laxatives

A

cramps, colic, nausea, vomiting, undiagnosed pain, appendicitis

57
Q

opioids

A

diphenoxylate and atropine
diphenoxin and atropine
loperamide

58
Q

somatostatin

A

made in D cells

inhibits gastric acid

59
Q

octratide

A

analog of somatostatin

treat secretory diarrhea from hormone secreting tumors of pancreas and GI tract

60
Q

treatment IBD

A

as more severe more immunosuppression

IV corticosteroids, anti-TNF and surgery in most severe

DT4 Exam 2 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions