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Pharmacology > Pharm 4 Drugs > Flashcards

Pharm 4 Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Fluoxetine (Prozac and Sarafem)

A 
SSRI
Anti-Depressant/PMDD
Longest half-life (1-3 days)
Activating
Weight neutral
2D6 inhibitor
Prozac for PTSD/MDD
Sarafem for PMDD
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2
Q

Paroxetine (Paxil)

A 
SSRI
Anti-depressant
Panic disorder
PTSD
MDD
Sedating
Weight gain
Cardiac septal defects in 1st trimester (D/X)
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3
Q

Paroxetine (Brisdell)

A

SSRI

Hot Flashes

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4
Q

Citalopram (Celexa)

A

SSRI
Anti-depressant
No CYP450
QT prolongation @>40mg/day

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5
Q

Escitalopram (Lexapro)

A

SSRI
Anti-depressant
No CYP450
weight neutral

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6
Q

Sertraline (Zoloft)

A

SSRI
Anti-depressant
Activating

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7
Q

Vortioxetine (Brintellix)

A

SSRI
Anti-depressant
May be stopped abruptly
CYP2D6 Inhibitor

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8
Q

Fluoxamine (Luvox)

A 
SSRI
Anti-depressant
OCD ONLY
Shortest half life (15 h)
Sedating
2D6 inhibitor
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9
Q

Nefazodone (Serzone)

A 
Serotonin 2 receptor antagonist
Anti-depressant
Anxious depression
BBW: Liver failure
3A4 Inhibitor
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10
Q

Trazodone (Desyrel)

A

Serotonin 2 receptor antagonist
Antidepressant
Clinically used for sleep

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11
Q

Venlafaxine (Effexor)

A 
SNRI
Antidepressant
Dose related effect on NE
<150 = Serotonin
225 = SNRI
Tx resistant depression
GAD
PTSD 1st line
^BP
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12
Q

Desvenlafaxine (Pristiq)

A

SNRI
antidepressant
Metabolite of venlafaxine
2nd line for MDD

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13
Q

Levomilnacipran (Fetxmia)

A 
SNRI
Antidepressant
Strong NE inhibition
Depression only
HypoNA
^BP
CYP3A4 Substrate
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14
Q

Duloxetine (Cymbalta)

A 
SNRI
Antidepressant
Dose dependent
GAD diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Fibromyalgia
Chronic musculoskeletal pain
Don't use in hepatic insufficiency or renal shit
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15
Q

Mirtazapine (Remeron)

A 
Serotonin receptor antagonist
Noradrenergic Antagonist
Antidepressant
Does not have reuptake inhibition
Low doses sedate
high dose insomnia
lower dose for CrCl 30
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16
Q

Amitriptyline (Elavil)

A 
TCA
Antidepressant
High sedation/anticholinergic
moderate alpha blockade 
weight gain
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17
Q

Nortriptyline (Pamelor)

A 
TCA
Antidepressant
Moderate sedation/anticholinergic
Low alpha blockade
AVG weight gain 2 kg/4-12wk
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18
Q

Doxepin (Sinequan)

A 
TCA
Antidepressant
High sedation/anicholinergic/alpha blockade
Childhood enuresis
depression
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19
Q

Desipramine (Pertofrane)

A

TCA
Antidepressant
Low Sedation/Anticholinergic
Moderate alpha blockade

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20
Q

Clomipramine (Anafranil)

A

TCA
Antidepressant
High sedation/anticholinergic/alpha blockade
Approved for OCD

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21
Q

Imipramine (Tofranil)

A

TCA
Antidepressant
Moderate sedation/anticholinergic
high alpha blockade

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22
Q

Bupropion HCL (Wellbutrin, Zyban)

A 
Atypical (Norepinephrine/Dopamine)
Antidepressant
(Zyban)Smoking cessation
ADHD
Weight loss
Less sexual dysfunction
seizure risk
14 days between MAOI
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23
Q

Phenelzine (Nardil)

A

MAOI
Very limited use
Non Selective MAOI
Last line agent

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24
Q

Tranylcypromine (Parnate)

A

MAOI
Very limited use
Non selective MAOI
Last line agent

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25
Q

Selegiline transdermal (Emsam)

A

MAOI
Major Depressive disorder
MAO-B inhibitor
less sexual dysfunction

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26
Q

Carbamazepine (Equetro/Tegretol)

A

Antimanic/Anticonvulsant
Bipolar
Bipolar/Mixed episodes
Posterior cleft palate

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27
Q

Lithium Carbonate (Lithane)

A 
Bipolar
Anti-manic/Mixed episodes
Resistant depression
Neuroprotective
Manic and Depressive
Not for rapid cyclers
Narrow therapeutic index
-thyroid fx
Nephrogenic DI
Edema
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28
Q

Val-price acid, Divalproex sodium/ Divalproex acid (Depakote/Depakene)

A

Bipolar
Antimanic/anticonvulsant
Preferred for rapid cycles, effective as lithium in acute and prophylactic management.

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29
Q

Lamotrigine (Lamictal)

A 
Bipolar
Antimanic/Anticonvulsant
Maintenance therapy
Effective against the depressed phase of bipolar disorder
Lenox Gastaut 
SJS
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30
Q

Bromocriptine (Parlodel)

A

Parkinson’s
Dopamine agonist
Semisynthetic ergot derivate
Pleuro/Cardiac fibrosis

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31
Q

Pramipexole (Mirapex)

A

Parkinson’s
Dopamine agonist (D2)
RLS

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32
Q

Ropinirole (Requip)

A

Dopamine agonist (D2)
Parkinson’s Monotherapy (Mild)
RLS

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33
Q

Apomorphine (Apokyn)

A 
Parkinson’s
Dopamine agonist (post synaptic D2)
Treats off episodes
SQ Pen
Severe NV take trimethobenzamide first
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34
Q

Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet)

A

Parkinson’s

Precursor to dopamine/decarboxylase inhibitor

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35
Q

Selegiline (EMSAM)(Patch)

A 
Parkinson’s
MAO-B inhibitor
Major depressive disorder
Adjunct parkinsons
Serotonin syndrome
Insomnia
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36
Q

Selegiline (Eldepryl or Deprenyl)

A

Parkinson’s

MAO-B inhibitor

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37
Q

Rasagiline (azilect)

A 
Parkinson’s
Selective irreversible MAO-B inhibitors
Parkinsons adjunct
Serotonin syndrome
Avoid tyramine
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38
Q

Amantadine (Symmetrel)

A

Parkinson’s
Antiviral
NMDA receptor inhibitor
Livedo Reticularis

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39
Q

Tolcapone (Tasmar)

A

Parkinson’s
COMT inhibitor
Hepatotoxic
needs consent

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40
Q

Entacapone (Comtan)

A 
Parkinson’s
COMT inhibitor
Orange Pee
No BBB
Must be used with carbidopa/levodopa
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41
Q

Benztropine (Cogentin)

A

Parkinson’s
Anti-cholinergics
Drug induced Parkinson’s
Controls EP symptoms

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42
Q

Trihexyphenidyl (Artane)

A

Parkinson’s
Anticholinergics
Drug induced parkinsons

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43
Q

Levodopa/Carbidopa/Entacapone (Stalevo)

A

Parkinson’s

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44
Q

Trimethobenzamide (Titan)

A

Parkinson’s

Antiemetic used in parkinsons

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45
Q

Diazepam (Valium)

A

Benzodiazepine
Anti-anxiety/Anticonvulsant
Prolonged febrile seizure tx
Status epilepticus Emergent

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46
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan)

A

Benzodiazepine
Anti-anxiety
Anticonvulsant
Status epilepticus emergent

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47
Q

Alprazolam (Xanax)

A

Benzodiazepine

Anti-anxiety

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48
Q

Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)

A

Benzodiazepine
Anti-anxiety
Alcohol withdrawal

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49
Q

Temazepam (Restoril)

A

Benzodiazepine

Hypnotic

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50
Q

Flurazepam (Dalmane)

A

Benzodiazepine

Hypnotic

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51
Q

Quazepam (Doral)

A

benzodiazepine

Hypnotic

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52
Q

Estazolam (ProSom)

A

Benzodiazepine

Hypnotic

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53
Q

Triazolam (Halcion)

A

Benzodiazepine

Hypnotic

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54
Q

Midazolam (Versed)

A

Benzodiazepine
Preoperative sedation
Status epilepticus emergent
Status Epilepticus Refractory

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55
Q

Clonazepam (Klonopin)

A

Benzodiazepine

Anticonvulsant

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56
Q

Clorazepate (Tranxene)

A

Benzodiazepine

Anticonvulsant

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57
Q

Flumazenil (Romazicon)

A

Benzodiazepine antagonist
Benzodiazepine antidote
may induce seizure

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58
Q

Zolpidem (Ambien)

A

Hypnotic
IR for going to sleep
CR for staying asleep

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59
Q

Zaleplon (Sonata)

A

Hypnotic
Short term insomnia tx
initiates sleep
no daytime somnolence

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60
Q

Eszopiclone (Lunesta)

A

Hypnotic

Metallic taste

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61
Q

Suvorexant (Belsomra)

A

Hypnotic

Orexin receptor antagonist

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62
Q

Ramelton (Rozerem)

A

Hypnotic
Melatonin receptor agonist
No limited short term use

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63
Q

Tasimelteon (Hetlioz)

A

Hypnotic
Melatonin receptor agonist
blind people need sleep too

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64
Q

Buspirone (Buspar)

A

Anti-anxiety

Resistant depression

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65
Q

Secobarbital (Seconal)

A 
Barbituate 
Sedative
insomnia
SJS
Bone marrow suppression
Hepatotoxicity
Osteopenia
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66
Q

Phenobarbital

A 
Barbituate
Anticonvulsant
Sedative
Tonic clonic
Refractory status epileptics
Prolonged febrile seizure tx
Status Epilepticus Urgent
Cardiac malformation
Apnea with rapid infusion
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67
Q

Pentobarbital

A

Barbituate
Sedative
Anticonvulsant
Status Epilepticus Refractory

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68
Q

Methohexital (Brevital Sodium)

A 
Barbituate
Induction and maintenance of anesthesia
SJS
Bone marrow suppression
hepatotoxicity
Osteopenia
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69
Q

Amobarbital (Amytal)

A

Barbituate
Sedative
Insomnia

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70
Q

Thiopental (Pentothal)

A

Barbituate
Anesthesia Induction
Insomnia

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71
Q

Dexmedetomidine (Precedex)

A

Selective alpha 2 agonist

ICU sedation of initially intubated patients

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72
Q

Phenytoin (Dilantin)

A 
Anticonvulsant
Fast Na channel blocker
Status epilepticus
Plasma protein bound
careful with anticoagulants
free phenytoin 1-2.5 mcg/ml
Status epilepticus Urgent
Cleft palate
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73
Q

Fosphenytoin (Cerebyx)

A 
Anticonvulsant
Prodrug for phenytoin
Status epilepticus
Parenteral administration
1mg phenytoin=1.5mg of phosphenytoin
Status Epilepticus Urgent
74
Q

Gabapentin (neurontin)

A 
Anticonvulsant
Spaslmolytic
Diabetic Neuropathy
Herpetic neuralgia
ADE:
weight gain
75
Q

Clonazepam (Klonopin)

A

Anticonvulsant

76
Q

Carbamazepine (Tegretol)

A 
Anticonvulsant oral
Fast Na channel blocker
Generalized tonic clonic simple/partial
trigeminal neuralgia
Acute mania
Added to lithium for refractory Bipolar
HLA-B1502 SJS
Agranulocytosis
77
Q

Oxcarbazepine (Trileptal)

A

Anticonvulsant

Fewer adverse effects than carbamazepine

78
Q

Valproic Acid, Divalproex Sodium/Divalproex acid (Depakote/Depakene)

A 
Anticonvulsant
Acute/prophylactic bipolar management
DOC manic
Rapid cyclers
ADE: Hair loss Spina bifida
BBW: hepatic failure
tetrogenic
79
Q

Felbamate (Felbatol)

A

Anticonvulsant
Lennox Gastaut
Aplastic anemia
Liver Failure

80
Q

Primidone (Mysoline)

A

Anticonvulsant

Metabolized to phenobarbital and phenylethylmalonamide

81
Q

Midazolam (Versed)

A

Anticonvulsant

Refractory status epilepticus

82
Q

Ethosuximide (Zarontin)

A

Anticonvulsant

Absence seizure DOC

83
Q

Mag Sulfate

A

Anticonvulsant

Pre-eclampsia or eclampsia

84
Q

Lamotrigine (Lamictal)

A 
Anticonvulsant
Bipolar mood stabilizer
Doesn't play well with valproic acid
Give extra if taking carbamazepine
Aseptic meningitis in kids
85
Q

Topiramate (Topamax)

A 
Anticonvulsant
Absence seizure adjunct
Lenox Gastaut
Migrain prophylaxis
ADE
Memory impairment
Metabolic acidosis
Tetragenic
86
Q

Levetiracetam (Keppra)

A

Anticonvulsant
Myoclonic seizures in >12
Lenox Gastaut

87
Q

Vigabatrin (Sabril)

A

Anticonvulsant
Irreversibly inhibits GABA-t
Infantile spasm
Restricted distribution program

88
Q

Tigabine (Gabitril)

A 
Anticonvulsant
Adjunctive partial seizure
SJS
TEN
Nonconvultive Status Epilepicus
89
Q

Lacosamiede (Vimpat)

A

Anticonvulsant
C-V
Prolonged PR interval

90
Q

Ezogabine (Potiga)

A 
Anticonvulsant 
C-V
Potassium channels
Urinary issues
Visual issues
91
Q

Zonisamide (Zonegran)

A 
Anticonvulsant
PO
Bipolar disorder
SJS
Aplastic anemia
Sulfonamide
92
Q

Pregabalin (Lyrica)

A

Anticonvulsant
Partial onset siezure
Neuropathic pain
RLS

93
Q

Dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine)

A

CNS Stimulant
ADHD
Narcolepsy

94
Q

Atomoxetine (Strattera)

A 
CNS Stimulant
Non-Stimulant
ADHD
Blocks NE reuptake
First line agent
more aggression
95
Q

Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Methylin, Concerta, Daytrana (transdermal))

A

CNS Stimulants
ADHD
Narcolepsy

96
Q

Dexmethylphenidate (Focalin)

A

CNS stimulant
ADHD
Narcolepsy

97
Q

Amphetamine & Dextroamphetamine (Adderall)

A

CNS Stimulant
ADHD
Narcolepsy

98
Q

Clondine (Kapvay)

A 
CNS Stimulant
ADHD
Not controlled
A2 agonist
Intolerant to stimulants
Impusive behavior
Tourettes
99
Q

Guanfacine (Intuniv)

A 
CNS Stimulant
ADHD
Not controlled
Monotherapy
Tic disorders
Worsens depression
100
Q

Modafinil (Provigil)

A

CNS Stimulant
Narcolepsy
Shift work

101
Q

Armodafinil (Nuvigil)

A

CNS Stimulant
Narcolepsy
Shift work

102
Q

Phentermine (Fastin)

A

Anti obesity agent
Anorexiant
weightloss

103
Q

Orlistat (Xenical)

A

Anti obesity agent

Lipase inhibitor

104
Q

Naltrexone/Bupropion (Contrave)

A

Anti obesity agent

Weightloss

105
Q

Caffeine

A

Anti obesity agent

CNS Stimulant

106
Q

Phentermine/Topiramate XL (Osymia)

A

Anti Obesity Agent

Weightloss similar to amphetamine

107
Q

Phentermine (Adipex)

A

Anti Obesity agent

Weightloss similar to amphetamine

108
Q

Tenuate (Diethylpropin)

A

anti obesity agent

weight loss similar to amphetamine

109
Q

Lorcaserin (Belviq)

A

anti obesity agent
weight loss similar to amphetamine
Serotonin syndrome

110
Q

Sibutramine (Meridia)

A

anti obesity agent

weight loss similar to amphetamine

111
Q

Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)

A

Neuroleptic
Typical low potency Antipsychotic
Hiccups
Retina pigment deposit

112
Q

Thioridazine (Mellaril)

A 
Neuroleptic
typical low potency Antipsychotic
high anticholinergic
Sedation
BBW Torsades/sudden death
113
Q

Fluphenazine (Prolixin)

A

Neuroleptic
typical low potency Antipsychotic
Long acting (IM)

114
Q

Trifuloperazine (Stelazine)

A

Neuroleptic
typical low potency Antipsychotic
Generalized non psychotic anxiety (Short term) tx

115
Q

Heloperidol (Haldol)

A 
Neuroleptic typical low potency Antipsychotic
Acute agitation
tics tourettes
IM lasts 1 month
NO IV
116
Q

Clozapine (Clozaril)

A 
Neuroleptic
Atypical Antipsychotic
not for acute mania
Tx of parkinson's cognitive D/O
for its who are resistant to others
reduces suicide risk
BBW Agranulocytosis
fatal myocarditis
117
Q

Risperidone (Risperdal)

A 
Neuroleptic 
Atypical Antipsychotic
acute mania
ADE
Hyperprolactinemia
Highest atypical EPS
118
Q

Olanzapine (Zyprexa)

A 
Neuroleptic
atypical antipsychotic
acute mania
Not associated with agranulocytosis
weight gain
HOTN
119
Q

Quetiapine (Seroquel)

A 
Neuroleptic 
Atypical Antipsychotic
acute mania
Tx of parkinson's cognitive D/O
DOC psychosis w/Parkinson
Very sedating
ADE Cataracts
120
Q

Asenapine (Saphris)

A

Neuroleptic
Atypical Antipsychotic
Bipolar

121
Q

Lurasidone (Latuda)

A

Neuroleptic
Atypical Antipsychotic
acute mania
administer with food

122
Q

Iloperidone (Fanapt)

A 
Neuroleptic
Atypical Antipsychotic
Not for acute mania
Schizophrenia only
Orthostatic HOTN
QT prolongation
Esophageal dysmotility
123
Q

Ziprasidone (Geodon)

A

Neuroleptic
Atypical Antipsychotic
short half life BID
QT prolongation/cataracts

124
Q

Paliperidone (INVEGA)

A 
Neuroleptic
Atypical Antipsychotic
Metabolite of risperidone
ER tablets
IM injections
125
Q

Aripiprazole (Abilify)

A

Neuroleptic
Atypical Antipsychotic
ADE
Tardive

126
Q

Asenapine (Saphris)

A

Neuroleptic
Atypical agent for schizophrenia
Bipolar
sublingual

127
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar)

A

Anesthetic

Induction anesthesia

128
Q

Propofol (Diprivan)

A

Anesthetic
Induction anesthesia
Status Epilepticus Refractory

129
Q

Fospropofol (Lusedra)

A

Anesthetic

Induction anesthesia

130
Q

Etomidate (Amidate)

A

Anesthetic

Induction anesthesia

131
Q

Halothane (Fluothane)

A

Anesthetic

Inhalation general anesthetic

132
Q

Enflurane (Ethrane)

A

Anesthetic

Inhalation General anesthetic

133
Q

Isoflurane (Forane)

A

anesthetic

inhalation general anesthetic

134
Q

desflurane (suprane)

A

anesthetic

Inhalation general anesthetic

135
Q

Sevoflurane (Ultane)

A

Anesthetic

Inhalation General anesthetic

136
Q

Atacurium (Tacrium)

A

Anesthetic, Don-depolar

neuromuscular blocker

137
Q

Cisatracurium (Nimbex)

A

anesthetic, non-depolar

neuromuscular blocker

138
Q

Mivacurium (Mivacron)

A

anesthetic, non depolar

neuromuscular blocker

139
Q

Pancuronium (Pavulon)

A

anesthetic, non depolar

neuromuscular blocker

140
Q

Rocuronium (Zemuron)

A

anesthetic non depolar

neuromuscular blocker

141
Q

Vecuronium (Norcuron)

A

Anesthetic non depolar

neuromuscular blocker

142
Q

Neostigmine (Prostigmin)

A

Anesthetic, AchE inhibitor

reversal agent for neuromuscular blocker

143
Q

Pyridostigmine (Mestinon)

A

Anesthetic, AchE inhibitor

Reversal agent for Neuromuscular blocker

144
Q

Edrophonium (Enlon)

A

Anesthetic, AchE inhib

Reversal agent for Neuromuscular blocker

145
Q

Succinylcholine (Anectine/Quelicin)

A

Anesthetic, Depolarizing
Neuromuscular blocker
Rapid intubation

146
Q

Benzocaine (American)

A

Local Anesthetic

147
Q

Chloroprocaine (Nesacaine)

A

Local Anesthetic

148
Q

Cocaine (Crack, Blow, Snow, Toot)

A

Local Anesthetic

149
Q

Procaine (Novocaine)

A

Local Anesthetic

150
Q

Tetracaine (Pontocaine)

A

Local Anesthetic

151
Q

Lidocaine (Xylocaine)

A

Local Anesthetic

152
Q

Mepivacaine (Carbocaine)

A

Local Anesthetic

153
Q

Dibucaine (Nupercainal)

A

Local Anesthetic

154
Q

Bupivicaine (Marcaine)

A

Local Anesthetic

155
Q

Articaine (Septocaine)

A

Local Anesthetic

156
Q

Levobupivacaine (Chirocaine)

A

Local Anesthetic

157
Q

Prilocaine (Citanest)

A

Local Anesthetic

158
Q

Ropivacaine (Naropin)

A

Local Anesthetic

159
Q

Disulfiram (Antabuse)

A

Misc.

Alcohol Dependency

160
Q

Acamprosate (Campral)

A

Misc.

Alcohol Dependency

161
Q

Naltrexone (Revia)

A

Misc.

Opioid antagonist used in alcohol treatment programs

162
Q

Fenugreek

A

Herbal

Enhance insulin release

163
Q

Garlic

A

Herbal
Used hyperlipidemia
HTN

164
Q

St. Johns Wort

A

Herbal

Depression

165
Q

Saw Palmetto

A

Herbal

Treatment of micturition difficulties associated with BPH

166
Q

Chromium

A

Herbal

Decrease blood glucose levels and HgbA1c

167
Q

Echinacea

A

Herbal

Supportive therapy for infections of upper respiratory and lower urinary tract

168
Q

Ginko Biloba

A

Herbal

Cerebral Circulatory disturbances

169
Q

Ginseng

A

Herbal

170
Q

Ginger

A

Herbal

Nausea Vomiting

171
Q

Valerian Root

A

Herbal

Insomnia

172
Q

Melatonin

A

Herbal

Insomnia

173
Q

Whey Protein

A

Herbal

Increase lean body mass

174
Q

Black Cohosh

A

Herbal

Premenstrual and hot flashes caused by menopause

175
Q

Dong Quai

A

Herbal

Premenstrual and menopausal vasomotor symptoms

176
Q

Chaste Tree Berry

A

Herbal

Premenstrual and menopausal vasomotor symptoms

177
Q

Cranberry

A

Herbal

Recurrent urinary tract infections

178
Q

Fish oil omega 3

A 
Herbal
HTN
Hyperlipidemia
Mental health (Bipolar)
Coronary heart disease
179
Q

Red yeast rice

A

Herbal

Cholesterol

180
Q

Asian Ginseng

A

Herbal
Adaptogen: tonic to combat feelings of lassitude and debility, lack of energy, and ability to concentrate, and during convalescence

181
Q

Siberian Ginseng

A

Herbal

Adaptogen like asian ginseng

Pharmacology (2 decks)

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