Pharm Flashcards
Phenobarbital
hyperactivity in children preoperative sedation GABA agonist
Secobarbital
-short term effects -treats acute psychosis (aka combative behavior)
Benzo Receptor
GABA-a not actual GABA site GABA needed, binding causes opening of the Cl- channels Allows Body to mediate the response
Barbiturates Receptor
Gamma – subunit
GABA
Beta subunit
Alprazolam (Xanax)
-good for elderly patients -exacerbates pulmonary issues
treats panic disorders
benzodiazepines withdrawal. SX. Withdrawal Paradigm
restlessness and anxiety -25% reduction per week until 50% of dosage, followed by reduction by 1/8th dose per week
Zolpidem Receptor
-rapid onset, sedative effect -GABA-a type I
Zaleplon
-short acting sedative effect (just enough for person to fall asleep) -rapid onset, GABA- a omega 1
MOA for Propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol)
-Stimulates GABA release -not for children
Population that etomidate is clinically useful in?
-Elderly, doesn’t reduce blood volume
Describe Gabanergic Neurons?
-short interneurons
Advantages of Buspirone
No abuse potential, effective for GAD No impairment of cognitive or psychomotor skills
Disadvantages Buspirone
Takes few weeks to work NOT for panic disorders
Benzodiazepine Side Effects
-interaction with alcohol -dependence/abuse -can’t operate heavy machinery
Azapirones/Buspirone Receptor, Effect of Serotonin
Acts of 5HT1A receptors, decreases serotonin
Ramelteon Advantages
Acts on melatonin receptors MT1/MT2 No rebound/withdrawal effects
Propanolol
Performance anxiety
Switch BZ to Buspirone
Requires patient to taper off of BZ in order to switch
Lorazepam
GAD: generalized Anxiety Disorders
Meprobamate
Short term anxiety/sedative-hypnotic No longer than 4 months
3 Sedation Settings
Monitored Anesthesia, Conscious Sedation, Deep Sedation
Monitored Anesthesia
regional anesthetic and propofol
Conscious Sedation
propofol, verbally responsive
