Pharm

Question 1

Atropine Sulfate

Answer 1

Anticholinergic
Competes reversibly with acetylcholine at the site of muscarinic receipts affected, in order from the most sensitive to least sensitive, including salivary, bronchial, sweat glands, eyes, heart, and GI tract

Question 2

Magnesium Sulfate

Answer 2

Electrolyte
Required for normal physiologic functioning. Mag is a cofactor in neurochemical transmission and muscular excitability. Mag sulfate controls seizures by blocking peripheral neuromuscular transmission. Mag is also a peripheral vasodilator and an inhibitor of platelet function

Question 3

Amiodarone (Cardarone)

Answer 3

Antiarrhythmic, Class III

Acts directly on the myocardium to delay repolarization and increase the duration of the action potential

Question 4

Nitroglycerin (NTG)

Answer 4

Anti Anginal Agent
Relaxes vascular smooth muscle, thereby dilating peripheral arteries and veins. This causes pooling of venous blood and decreases venous return to the heart, which decreases preload. NTG also reduces left vent systolic wall tension, which decreases afterload

Question 5

Epinephrine

Answer 5

Adreneric Agent, Inotropic

Binds strongly with both alpha and beta receptors, producing increased BP, increased HR, and bronchodilation

Question 6

Vasopressin

Answer 6

Nonadrenergic Vasoconstrictor

Vasopressin causes vasoconstriction independent of adrenergic receptors or neural innervation

Question 7

Adenosine (Adenocard)

Answer 7

Antiarrhythmic

Slows the conduction of electrical impulses at the AV node

Question 8

Aspirin (ASA)

Answer 8

Anti platelet, nonnarcotic analgesic, antipyretic
Prevents the formation of a known chemical known as thromboxan A2 which causes platelets to clump together, or aggregate, and form plugs that cause obstruction or constriction of small coronary arteries

Question 9

Dopamine (Intropin)

Answer 9

Adrenergic Agonist, inotropic vasopressor
Stimulates alpha and beta adrenergic receptors. At moderate doses dopamine stimulates beta, receptors, resulting in inotropy and increased cardiac output while maintaining dopaminergic induced vasodilatory effects. At high doses alpha adrenergic agonism predominates and increase peripheral vascular resistance and vasoconstriction result

Question 10

Morphine Sulfate

Answer 10

Opiate Agonist, Schedule C-II
Binds with opioid receptors. Morphine is capable of inducing hypotension by depression of the vasomotor centers of the brain, as well as release of the chemical histamine. In the management of angina, morphine reduces stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system caused by pain and anxiety. Reduction of sympathetic stimulation reduces heart rate, cardiac work, and myocardial O2 consumption

Question 11

Diltiazem (Cardizem)

Answer 11

Calcium Channel Blocker, Class IV Antiarrhythmic
Blocks calcium from moving into the heart muscle cells, which prolongs the conduction of electrical impulses through the AV node

Question 12

Verapamil (Isoptin)

Answer 12

Calcium Channel Blocker, Class IV AntiarrhythmicBlocks calcium from moving into the heart muscle cells, which prolongs the conduction of electrical impulses through the AV node

Question 13

Lidocaine (Xylocaine)

Answer 13

Antiarrhythic, Class I-B
Blocks sodium channels, increasing the recovery period after repolarization; suppresses automaticity in the His-Purkinje systems and depolarization in the ventricles

Question 14

Digoxin (Lanoxin)

Answer 14

Cardiac Glycoside
Inhibits sodium-potassium-adenosine triphosphate membrane pump. Resulting in an increase in calcium inside the heart muscle cell, which causes an increase in the force of contraction of the heart

Question 15

Metoprolol (Lopressor)

Answer 15

Beta Adrenergic Antagonist, Anti Anginal, Anti Hypertensive, Class II Antiarrhythmic
Inhibits the strength of the hearts contractions, as well as heart rate. This results in a decrease in cardiac O2 consumption

Question 16

Esmolol (Brevibloe)

Answer 16

Beta Adrenergic Antagonist, Class II Antiarrhythmic
Inhibits the strength of the hearts contractions, as well as heart rate. This results in a decrease in cardiac O2 consumption

Question 17

Furosemide (Lasix)

Answer 17

Loop Diuretic
Inhibits the absorption of sodium and chloride ions and H2O in the loop of Henle, as well as the convoluted tubule of the nephron. This results in decreased absorption of H2O and increased production of urine