Pharm Flashcards
Does momma barb induce or inhibit CYT P450?
induce!
What is varenicicline?
A partial agonist at nicotinic Ach receptors → decreases cravings and reward of nicotine
Name two mast cell stabilizing agents. How do they work?
Cromolyn and nedocromil. These prevent degranulation.
Azole mechanism:
inhibit synthesis of ergosterol by the fungal cytochrome P450 enzymes
What is the class and mechanism of action of streptomycin?
Aminoglycoside; inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the 30S subunit and inhibiting initiation of protein synthesis
Which TB drug works best for TB engulfed by Mø’s? Why?
Pyrazinamide - works best at low pH, as within phagolysosome
Antibiotic of choice for lung abscess?
Clindamycin - it covers anaerobes; binds 50S subunit (like macrolides), inhibiting protein synth
In what patients should succinylcholine NOT be used?
patients at high risk for hyperkalemia: burns, myopathies, crush injuries, and denervating injuries/dz
What diuretic can be used to prevent osteoporosis in patients with CHF?
thiazides
What category of drugs have the suffix “-dronate”? What are these types of drugs a structural analog of?
Bisphosphonates (eg. alendronate); pyrophosphate (a component of hydroxyapatite → makes it more insoluble; these drugs also inhibit osteoclasts)
What is the mechanism of heparin?
binds tight to and activates antithrombin → ↓ action of IIa (thrombin) and factor Xa
What drugs, when taken with statins → myopathy and hepatitis?
fibrates (e.g. gemfibrozil which ↑ conc. of statins and finofibrate which has its own risk of myopathy which compounds with that of statins)
What is the mechanism of argatroban?
direct thrombin inhibitor: binds to thrombin active site
What is raltegravir?
an integrase inhibitor used in HIV therapy
What drug targets CD20+ cells?
Rituximab