pharm Flashcards
Valacyclovir treatment must begin within how long after
initiation of symptoms of orolabial herpes for maximum
benefit?
A. 1 hour
B. 3 hours
C. 12 hours
D. 24 hours
A. 1 hour
Which of the following medications has a 24-month
lifetime exposure limit?
A. Zoledronate
B. Raloxifene
C. Denosumab
D. Teriparatide
D. Teriparatide
Which of the following antibiotics is contraindicated in
pregnancy and may cause tendinopathy and hallucinations?
A. Amoxicillin
B. Fosfomycin
C. Sulfamethoxazole
D. Ciprofloxacin
D. Ciprofloxacin
what to treat vulvovaginal candidiasis
fluconazole
why use azole anti fungal and fluconazole for candidiasis
Azole antifungals= inhibit enzyme for synthesis of ergosterol (needed for fungal membrane function)
treat candidiasis if asymptomatic?
no
predisposing factors to complicated candidiasis
uncontrolled diabetes, HIV infection, systemic antibiotics
candidiasis and pregnancy
o Treat symptomatic pregnancy with topical azole antifungals: clotrimazole, miconazole, terconazole
treat trichomoniasis
metronidazole
treat sexual parteners for trichomoniasis?
yes
adverse effects of metronidazole
GI upset, metallic taste, urethral burning, dark red urine, disulfiram-like rxn if have alcohol
pregnancy and trichomoniasis?
Use oral metronidazole in pregnancy too; if untreated can cause low birth weight, pre term delivery etc.
bacterial vaginalis treatment
o Oral or topical metronidazole or topical clindamycin
when to treat bacterial vaginitis
Only use if symptomatic, don’t use if asymptomatic unless getting IUD, surgery, abortion, pregnant
treat BV if pregnant?
Use oral clindamycin or metronidazole if pregnant (can cause preterm birth etc if not treated)
clindamycin adverse
vulvovaginitis (topical) and oral can cause GI upset, diarrhea, c. difficile colitis
gonorrhea treatment
o Third generation cephalosporin (ceftriaxone or cefixime) with azithromycin
what to use in gonorrhea if have penicillin allergy or cephalosporin resistnatn
use gentamicin with azithromycin
(use instead of ceftriaxone or cefixime)
what to use in gonorrhea if macrolide resistnant
gentamicin with doxycycline
(use instead of azithromycin)
chlamydia treatment
o Azithromycin or doxycycline
doxycycline side effects
rash, GI upset, candidal vaginitis, photosensitive
pregnancy treatment for chlamydia adn gonorrhea
o Use azithromycin for chlamydia
o Use ceftriaxone for gonorrhea
herpes treatment
and how quick to use them
nucleoside analogues:
Acyclovir within 1 hour of onset to reduce duration by 1 day
Valacyclovir within 2 hours of sx to reduce duration by 1 day
Famciclovir within 1 hour to reduce sx by 2 days
suppressive therapy for herpes if get recurrence >4x/yr
valacyclovir
