health psych Flashcards
setting goals
● Specific
○ clear goals = better progress
● Positively Stated
○ turn problems into goals = motivation
● Simple and Concrete
○ especially important for demoralized clients
○ frequency, duration, intensity
behavioural goals need to be
○ Concrete
○ Measurable
○ Observable
all goals must be
○ Specific & Clear
○ Simple & Concrete
○ Positively stated
what type of goals to set
important to patient (meaningful)
realistic (doable, achievable)
pyshcological impact of erectile dysfunction
○ Emasculation, total humiliation, and “profound feeling of being less than anyone else” (p.19).
○ Perceived inability to please their partners and letting them down.
○ Feeling terrified that their partners would leave them.
○ Apprehension about forming new relationships (if not currently in one).
○ Performance anxiety following an episode of ED.
Psychological impact of ED on the partner:
○ Complex mixture of rejection, guilt, feeling
unloved, shame and frustration.
○ Withdrawing from sex.
Demoralization hypothesis.
learned helplessness
visitors, complainants and customers
in motivation and readiness
● Patients are browsing but not much more (Visitors).
● Patients have come for a visit, and have a need for
help, but are more or less just checking things out and
reviewing options (Complainants).
● Patients have come for a visit and are ready to receive
help (Customers).
precontemplation
contemplation
preparation
action
maintenance
stages of change- readiness and motivation
● Precontemplation=person not thinking about taking
action (e.g., person not even thinking that he needs to
stop drinking)
● Contemplation=person planning to change in 6 months;
have become conscious of the positive and negative
consequences of potential change. but remain ambivalent
and not ready to take action. Can last for years.
● Preparation=person who has taken some steps toward
change during the last 12 months, and is ready to
consider specific action plan (e.g., person knows that he
needs to exercise, has joined a gym, and is planning to
begin a program).
● Action=person who has made specific changes in his life
(e.g., person has stopped drinking, attending AA
meetings, or has entered a treatment program).
● Maintenance=person has already changed his life
and behaviors. Is the most critical and can last from
1-5 years. Relapse is a constant threat.
questions for change
● Embedded Questions: When the problem is
resolved, what will you be doing then that you are
not doing now?
● Scaling Questions: “On a scale of 1 to 10…”
● The Miracle Question: Designed to get patients
moving towards their goals.
how to encourage pt
- Nonjudgmental listening cycle.
- Offer to be an ally.
- Focus on positive; note patient attempts to
accomplish the goal. - Feedback or confrontation; ask for commitment.
- Continued enthusiasm for patient’s goals, interest in
patient’s feelings and progress.
provide new learning experiences
● Interpretation
● Bibliotherapy
● Modeling
● Metaphor/Stories
● Exposure to avoided stimuli
● Humour
● Direct instruction
● Giving advice
when its inappropriate to give advice
● Patient seems dependent on others to make decisions
and needs to learn to choose their own courses of action.
● Patient has not headed advice previously.
● Patient is asking for assurance on issues with
unpredictable outcomes.
● Purpose is to influence others.
● Patient has information available and is capable of
solving the problem without advice.
● Advice conflicts with the patient’s upbringing, values, or
culture.
brainstorming
create lots of ideas with pt
- Challenge assumptions and ask the right
questions - Generate ideas, as many solutions as possible
- Evaluate and select a solution
hemodyalysis
emotional, at hospital,, social,
coping effectively for patients and families in hemodylasis/kidney
fears, be proactive i.e. diet, emotional, sexual,
Should patients with chronic kidney disease be
encouraged to return to previous activities? Yes.
● Can dialysis or transplant patients return to work? Yes.
Can I exercise? Yes.
● Can I travel? Yes, but requires advanced planning.
