Pharm 1 Flashcards
How does digoxin work on the heart
It increases the contraction of the heart (positive) or it can decrease heart rate and contraction of the heart (negative)
- main goal is to increase CO and SV
What is digoxin used for
CHF and A-fib
What are the S/S of digoxin toxicity
Nausea and Vomiting
Bradycardia, heart block and dysrhythmias
photophobia, yellow- greenish halos around items or just halos and flashes of light
Nursing Interventions for giving digoxin
Assess apical rate for 1 min and do not give if under 60 for adult, 70 for child and 90 for infant
Assess potassium levels to ensure pt is not under 3.5
Assess DIg levels every day and assess for toxicity
Give same time every day and do not double up dose
Edu pt on s/s of toxicity and when to report and edu on PR taking
What are the complications of digoxin
CNS- blurred vision, halos, yellow/green vision
GI- anorexia, N/V, and abd pain
Memory trick for digoxin toxicity
What class is digoxin toxicity
Cardiac glycosides
What class is furosemide and bumetanide
High- ceiling loop diuretic
What are the uses of furosemide
HF
Pulmonary edema
Edema due to liver or renal failure or heart/HTN
What are the ADR of furosemide
Hypokalemia
- can lead to deadly dysrhythmias
Hypotension
- which can lead to falls and dizzy spell
Ototoxicity
- give slow and do not give with other meds, such as gentamicin, that can cause ear toxicity
Dehydration, hyponatremia
- watch UOP and weights, electrolytes and DVT
What class is a NSAIDs
Non-opioid analgesics
What are the uses of NSAIDs
Can be used for inflammation, fever and pain (cox 2)
Also used to decrease the amount of platelet aggregation and decrease renal damage (cox 1)
What are the ADR or SE of NSAIDS
GI complications, toxicity, can mess with renal function
Nursing interventions of aspirin (SALICYISM) toxicity
Activated charcoal
HD to get rid of ASA in blood
Cool pt down
IV F/E
Bicarb to treat the acidotic state
Gastric lavage
Interventions for impaired renal function due to NSAIDs use
Assess for edema, weight gain, HTN
Take I&O’s
Interventions for GI issues due to NSAIDs use
Take with food or with water or milk
Give PPI or H2 receptor or misoprostol
Asses for S/S of GI bleed
S/S of aspirin toxicity
Fever, sweating, acidosis, dehydration, coma, respiratory depression, and F/E imbalance
S/S of impaired renal function
Decreased UOP
Elevations in BUN and creatinine
S/S of GI complications with the use of NSAIDS
GI bleed or perforation
Heartburn, abd pain, dyspepsia and nausea
What causes Reye’s Syndrome
When a a child takes a NSAID when they have a viral illness such as chickenpox
What is the action of Epoetin Alfa
to increase the production of RBC
What are the uses of Epoetin alfa
For people with anemia due to CKD, chemo or taking zidovudine
Pt going to a elective surgery
What are the ADR of epoetin alfa
HTN
Increased risk of a thrombotic event
Increase risk of a seizure
Increased risk of a DVT
What is baclofen used for
For patient with cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury or MS
