PH WK2

Question 1

Chronic Disease

Answer 1

manifest over time, are not always apparent, may be long lasting or recurring

Question 2

Infectious Diseases

Answer 2

diseases transmitted through a specific form of contact

Question 3

before behavior can be changed, one must understand

Answer 3

determinants of behavior

Question 4

2 aspects of prevention and promotion

Answer 4

research and practice

Question 5

prevention and promotion research works to

Answer 5

understand underlying individual and environmental factors that influence health behavior

Question 6

Prevention and promotion practice responsible or designing and implementing interventions to

Answer 6

modify factors and ultimately change behavior

Question 7

Theory is

Answer 7

a set of testable propositions that is used to explain a group of facts of phenomena

Question 8

In health prevention and promotion, theory is viewed…

Answer 8

as a tool for enhancing our understanding of complex situations versus something that offers universal explanations or predictions

Question 9

public health seeks to promote

Answer 9

health, prevent early morality and morbidity, and enhance or ensure quality of life

Question 10

prevention is

Answer 10

the basic principle underlying the public health and public health nursing approach

Question 11

Behavior

Answer 11

the manner in which something acts, functions, responds, or reacts

Question 12

Health behavior

Answer 12

actions, responses or reactions of an individual, group or system that prevent illness, promote health and maintain quality of life

Question 13

Ex of individual health behavior

Answer 13

using a condom, getting vaccinated, buckling your seatbelt

Question 14

Ex. of group health behavior

Answer 14

improving public parks, instituting a citywide smoking ban

Question 15

3 categories of health behavior

Answer 15

Preventive behavior
/
Illness behavior
/
Sick-Role behavior

Question 16

preventive behavior

Answer 16

health related behaviors of people who are healthy and try to maintain their health

Question 17

illness behavior

Answer 17

behavior undertaken by individuals who perceive themselves to be ill and who seek relief or definition of illness

Question 18

sick-role behavior

Answer 18

the treatment plan once an individual is diagnosed with a disease

Question 19

Why do we use theories

Answer 19

help us to organize information and provides direction to guide where we go with the information

Question 20

testing a theory =

Answer 20

framework or model

Question 21

Theories based on focus of individuals (microscopic)

Answer 21

Value expectancy theories
/
stage theories

Question 22

community or society focus theories (macroscopic)

Answer 22

empowerment theories
/
models/Theory of Change

Question 23

Individual/family AND community/society/systems as the focus of change
(Micro and Macro)

Answer 23

Diffusion of Innovation
/
The Ecological Model
/
Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory

Question 24

Individual based models

Answer 24

health belief model
/
transtheorectical model of change (stages of change)

Question 25

Levels of Bronfenbrenner systems theory

Answer 25

individual
/
microsystem
/
mesosystem
/
exosystem
/
macrosystem

Question 26

Health based on wellness model

Answer 26

“Health is the extent to which an individual or group is able to realize aspirations and satisfy needs, and to change or cope with the environment. Health is a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living; it is a positive concept, emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities.

Question 27

health promotion

Answer 27

health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health

Question 28

Risk

Answer 28

the chance or probability that a specific even will occur

Question 29

risk factor

Answer 29

Individual attributes or characteristics of the physical and social environment that increase the likelihood that someone will engage in potentially harmful behaviors or suffer negative health outcomes

Question 30

risk behavior

Answer 30

refers to a behavioral risk factor that increases the likelihood of disease, deterioration of disease status, or injury. (now or in the future

Question 31

Risk Exposure

Answer 31

Things that may have negative impacts on health, are generally considered part of one’s environment and largely outside of an individual’s control

Question 32

Risk Reduction =

Answer 32

Harm reduction

Question 33

levels of the Ecological Model

Answer 33

Individual
/
Interpersonal
/
Organizational
/
Community
/
Public Policy

Question 34

What is the theory of Diffusion of innovation

Answer 34

An idea or product gains momentum and diffuses (or spreads) through a specific population or social system over time.

Question 35

5 main topic areas for healthy people 2030

Answer 35

Health conditions
/
Health Behaviors
/
Populations
/
Settings and Systems
/
Social Determinants of Health

Question 36

Define social determinants of health

Answer 36

a set of conditions present in the environment where people are born, live, learn, work, play, worship, and age that affects health, daily functioning, life outcomes and risk

Question 37

list the social determinants of health

Answer 37

Economic Stability
Education Access and Quality
Healthcare Access and Quality
Neighborhood and Built Environment
Social and Community Context

Question 38

5 steps to teory of change

Answer 38

Impact = systemic change that you expect to see long term

Outcomes = intended and unintended changes that your stake holders are experiencing or might experience with intervention

Outputs = immediate results of our activities or products

Activities = where we answer “what activities need to take place for each output to happen”

Inputs = resources or investments needed to ensure that the activities take place

Question 39

Transtheoretical model of change

Answer 39

precontempliation = not prepared

contemplation = no action yet but within 6 months

preparation = consideration serious; taken some steps

action = action for less than 6 months

maintenance = consistent action for 12 months

Question 40

Health belief model

Answer 40

perceived susceptibility = chances of getting condition

perceived severity = how serious condition is

perceived benefits = advised action to reduce risk

perceived barriers= tangible and psychological cost of action

cues to action = strategy to activate readiness

self - efficacy = confidence in one’s ability to take action