pg. 46-58

Question 1

[Name this fallacy] everybody’s going to the system of a down concert

Answer 1

Bandwagon appeal

Question 2

Bandwagon appeal

Answer 2

• makes claim that everybody is doing this and thinking that.
• if we dont want to be left out, we have to get on the bandwagon and do think the same things.
• belonging in the same group or behaving like the majority. It plays on our fears on being different or being excluded.

Question 3

[Name this fallacy] I saw Ralph in the courthouse; he must have been arrested.

Answer 3

Post Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc

Question 4

[Name this fallacy] Just two weeks after they raised the speed limit, three people were killed on that road.

Answer 4

Post Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc

Question 5

[Name this fallacy] She’s so pretty she must not be smart.

Answer 5

Non Sequitur

Question 6

[Name this fallacy] Discrimination in hiring is not unfair. An employer has to discriminate between competent and incompetent, good and bad workers. Otherwise, we’d be hiring people least qualified for the job.

Answer 6

Straw man

Question 7

[Name this fallacy] If you haven’t written short stories, you shouldn’t be criticizing them.

Answer 7

Begging the question

Question 8

Faulty use of Authority.

Answer 8

occurs when someone who is an expert in one area is used as an authority for another unrelated area.

Question 9

[Name this fallacy] Americans shouldn’t find hunting objectional because one of our most popular presidents. Theodore Roosevelt, was an avid hunter.

Answer 9

Faulty use of Authority.

Question 10

[Name this fallacy] Bank robbers should be punished because they break the law.

Answer 10

Circular reasoning

Question 11

steps in deliberation

Answer 11

• consider each of the writer’s claims and main points
• think like a critic
• find a way to respond that defines your own position on the issue.

Question 12

[Name this fallacy] High school students don’t learn anything these days. Today’s teachers are academically underprepared.

Answer 12

Ad Populum Argument

Question 13

[Name this fallacy] Guns kills. So we cannot allow the average citizen to possess a weapon.

Answer 13

Dicto Simpliciter

Question 14

[Name this fallacy] We cannot except Ms. Luscas to know what it means to feel oppressed; she is a president of a large bank.

Answer 14

ad hominem argument

Question 15

[Name this fallacy] Susan didn’t hire Jhon for the job because his wife is always late for meetings.

Answer 15

Red herring

Question 16

[Name this fallacy] This whole gun control issue is polarizing the nation the way slavery did people living above and below the Mason-Dixon Line. Do we want another Civil War?

Answer 16

False analogy

Question 17

ad hominem argument

Answer 17

“to the man” (latin). It is a personal attack on the opponent on the opponent’s views.
- Example - name calling, character assassination, and personal criticism.

Question 18

[Name this fallacy] I’m failure organic chemistry because the teaching assistant doesn’t speak English well.

Answer 18

Hasty Generalization

Question 19

Deliberation

Answer 19

is a way to arrive at your own position on a particular issue.

Question 20

A sound analogy will

Answer 20

clarify a difficult or unfamiliar concept by4 comparing it with something easily understood or familiar.

Question 21

[Name this fallacy] This book was w2ritten by a Stanford professor, so it must be good.

Answer 21

Hasty Generalization

Question 22

Circular reasoning

Answer 22

• in it the conclusion of a deductive argument is hidden in the premise of that argument.
• Argument goes in a circle.
• Repetition of key terms and ideas is not evidence.

Question 23

[Name this fallacy] the majority of the American people want a constitutional amendment outlawing flag burning

Answer 23

Bandwagon appeal

Question 24

You can’t begin deliberation until you have

Answer 24

comparing listen to and reflected on the complexities of each issue involved.

Question 25

Analogy

Answer 25

- compares two things that are alike in one or more ways. | - they expand meaning and demonstrate imagination.

Question 26

[Name this fallacy] we cannot take four more years of her in office, given the way she voted against the death penatly

Answer 26

Staking the Deck

Question 27

[Name this fallacy] Letting emerging nation have nuclear weapons is like giving loaded guns to children.

Answer 27

False analogy

Question 28

[Name this fallacy] home schooling is dangerous because it keeps kids isolated from society.

Answer 28

Straw man

Question 29

[Name this fallacy] Egnlish should be the official language of United States, and anybody who doesn't like it can leave.

Answer 29

False dilemma

Question 30

[Name this fallacy] If torture can save the lives of those who would be killed by terrorists, then the government should employ torture as a preemptive measure of protection.

Answer 30

Dicto Simpliciter

Question 31

[Name this fallacy] The ship of state is about to wreck on the rocks of recession; we need a new pilot.

Answer 31

False analogy

Question 32

Ad Populum Argument

Answer 32

"to the people" - latin - argument aimed at appealing to the supposed prejudices and emotions of the masses. - writer's attempt to manipulate readers by using emotional and provocative language to add appeal to their claim. - functions as a smoke screen. Hiding the lack of ideas in the argument. - example: Editorial page of newspaper.

Question 33

Dicto Simpliciter

Answer 33

"spoken simply" - latin | - From a general truth to a specific case regardless of the qualification of the latter.

Question 34

Red herring

Answer 34

is fallaciously used to distract the audience from the true issue of an argument - it is used to confuse the audience by providing irrelavant information or evidence.

Question 35

[Name this fallacy] Mister Thompson had such breath it is a wonder that he sings so well.

Answer 35

Non Sequitur

Question 36

Staking the Deck

Answer 36

- when the writers give only the evidence that supports their premise, while disregarding or withholding contrary evidence. - Data beautification: recording only results that match what an experiment is expected to predict. - example common in advertising and debates of controversial matters.

Question 37

[Name this fallacy] nobody will go along with that proposal

Answer 37

Bandwagon appeal

Question 38

[Name this fallacy] Legalized abortion is a step toward creating an antilife society.

Answer 38

Slippery Slope

Question 39

[Name this fallacy] Dicken's Bleak House is six hundred pages of boring prose.

Answer 39

Staking the Deck

Question 40

[Name this fallacy] The teacher gave me an F in the course because she doesn't like me.

Answer 40

Red herring

Question 41

[Name this fallacy] Smoking is bad for you because it ruins your health.

Answer 41

Circular reasoning

Question 42

[Name this fallacy] Parents should realize that private schools simply encourage elitism in young people.

Answer 42

Staking the Deck

Question 43

[Name this fallacy] Of course, he doesn't see anything wrong with violent movies. The guy's a warmonger.

Answer 43

ad hominem argument

Question 44

are there cases in which ad hominem argument is a legitimate rhetorical tool

Answer 44

Yes!

Question 45

[Name this fallacy] The American Bar Association states that secondhand smoke is a serious cancer threat to nonsmokers.

Answer 45

Faulty use of Authority.

Question 46

[Name this fallacy] Yo should buy these vitamins because Lady Gaga recommended them on television last night.

Answer 46

Faulty use of Authority.

Question 47

Ad misericodriam argument

Answer 47

"to pity" (latin) - This appeal to our emotions need not be fallacious or faulty. - writer uses this for emotional appeal for extra support.

Question 48

False dilemma

Answer 48

involves the simplification of complex issues into an either/or choice.

Question 49

Begging the question

Answer 49

- passes off as true an assumption that needs to be proven.

Question 50

[Name this fallacy] I supported his candidacy for president because his campaign was so efficiently run.

Answer 50

Non Sequitur

Question 51

Hasty Generalization

Answer 51

- occurs when a writer arrives at a conclusion based on too little evidence. - it is most frequently found fallacies. - it can also occur when the writer relies on evidence that is not factual or substantiated.

Question 52

[Name this fallacy] If we let them build those condos, the lake will end up polluted, the wildlife will die off, and the landscape will be scarred forever.

Answer 52

Slippery Slope

Question 53

[Name this fallacy] She is compassionate because she's a woman

Answer 53

Begging the question

Question 54

[Name this fallacy] People who are to urbanization just want to go back to living in the caves.

Answer 54

Straw man

Question 55

What's the latin for logical fallacy

Answer 55

is to deceive

Question 56

[Name this fallacy] People who are happy with their work are cheerful because they enjoy what they are doing.

Answer 56

Circular reasoning

Question 57

[Name this fallacy] That foolish law should be repealed.

Answer 57

Begging the question

Question 58

[Name this fallacy] Movies today is full orf either violence or sex.

Answer 58

False dilemma

Question 59

[Name this fallacy] If you want to see the crime rate drop, tell Hollywood to stop making movies that glorify violence.

Answer 59

Ad Populum Argument

Question 60

logical fallacies

Answer 60

sometimes writers make errors in logic. such errors are called logical fallacies.

Question 61

[Name this fallacy] Either we put warning labels on record and compact discs, or we'll see more and more teenage girls having babies.

Answer 61

False dilemma

Question 62

[Name this fallacy] How could Tom accuse her of being careless? He's such a slob.

Answer 62

ad hominem argument

Question 63

[Name this fallacy] Exercise is good for people. Now that Bob is out of the hospital he should go back to the treadmill.

Answer 63

Dicto Simpliciter

Question 64

How to look for logical fallacies?

Answer 64

1. examine the logical connections between the claim, the reason, and the evidence to reveal the strength and weaknesses of the writer's argument

Question 65

Non Sequitur

Answer 65

"does not follow" - latin | - It draws a conclusion that does not follow logically from the premise

Question 66

[Name this fallacy] Even though that hockey player was convicted of a vehicular homicide, he shouldn't go to jail because he is such a great athlete.

Answer 66

Red herring

Question 67

Problem with False analogies

Answer 67

- when two things compared do not match up feature for feature, and ideas being compared do not logically of connect or are pressed beyond legitimacy.

Question 68

[Name this fallacy] A ban on ethnic slurs will mean no more freedom of speech.

Answer 68

Slippery Slope

Question 69

Not all logical fallacies are

Answer 69

unintentional as sometimes a fallacy deliberately employed. for example, in media commercial and advertisements

Question 70

[Name this fallacy] That shopping mall is unsafe because there was a robbery there two weeks ago.

Answer 70

Hasty Generalization

Question 71

[Name this fallacy] Doctors oppose health reform because it will reduce their large incomes.

Answer 71

Ad Populum Argument

Question 72

[Name this fallacy] It is no wonder that the crime rate has shot up. The state legislature voted to lower the drinking age.

Answer 72

Post Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc

Question 73

[Name this fallacy] It makes no difference if he was guilty of Nazi war crimes. The man is 88 years old and in frial health, so he should not be made to stand trial.

Answer 73

Ad misericodriam argument

Question 74

Straw man

Answer 74

literally refers a straw-stuffed dummy in the shape of a man and dressed in clothes: a scarecrow or an effigy for burning or target practice. - terms refer to something less than a real person or a weak or ineffective substitute. - refers to a strategy of refuting another person's actual position by substitution an exaggerated or distorted version of that position.

Question 75

[Name this fallacy] Paula is 16 years old and lvies on welfare with her mother; she suffers serious depression and functions like a child half her age. She should not b3e sent to adult court, where she will be tried for robbery, so she can spend her formative years behind bars.

Answer 75

Ad misericodriam argument

Question 76

Post Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc

Answer 76

"after this, therefore because of this" - latin - it establishes a questionable cause and effect relationships between events. - Made by people prone to superstition.

Question 77

Slippery Slope

Answer 77

It presumes that one event will inevitably lead to a chain of other events end in a catastrophe. - this domino effect reasoning is fallacious because it depends on presumption than on hard evidence.