Pg 24-29: Responses of 1967 war, Events after 1948 war and The Intifadas Flashcards
What were the major conflicts between Israel and Arab states after 1948?
The 1956 Suez Crisis/Sinai War, the 1967 Six-Day War, and the 1973 Yom Kippur War.
What happened during the 1967 Six-Day War?
Israel attacked Egypt, Jordan, and Syria, occupying the West Bank, Gaza Strip, Sinai Peninsula, and Golan Heights.
This resulted in another 370,000 Palestinians living under Israeli military control.
What was UN Resolution 242?
A resolution passed after the Six-Day War, calling for Israel to withdraw from occupied territories, which Israel refused, instead building Jewish settlements.
What was the Yom Kippur War of 1973?
A surprise attack by Arab states on Israel during Yom Kippur. Despite initial Arab success, Israel counterattacked. The war led to an oil crisis and increased Western pressure on Israel to resolve the Palestinian issue.
What were the Camp David Accords?
A 1979 peace agreement between Israel and Egypt, mediated by Jimmy Carter. It was criticized by other Arab states and led to Sadat’s assassination by extremists.
What was the significance of Anwar Sadat’s visit to Israel in 1977?
He was the first Arab leader to visit Israel, leading to the Camp David Accords in 1979, where Israel agreed to return Sinai to Egypt in exchange for recognition.
What was the First Intifada?
A Palestinian uprising in 1987 against Israeli occupation, marked by strikes, boycotts, and protests. Israel responded with harsh tactics.
What were the Oslo Accords?
A 1993 agreement between Israel and the PLO, leading to the establishment of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) and partial Israeli withdrawal. Yasser Arafat and Yitzhak Rabin received the Nobel Peace Prize.
Why did the Oslo Accords fail?
Rabin’s assassination, Hamas suicide bombings, Netanyahu’s slowdown of Israeli withdrawal, and unresolved issues like Jewish settlements and Palestinian refugees.
What was the Second Intifada?
A Palestinian uprising in 2000, following the failure of Camp David talks. It led to increased violence and Israeli reoccupation of Palestinian cities.
What was the significance of the PLO’s actions from Jordan and Lebanon?
They launched guerrilla raids into Israel, leading to Israeli counterattacks, the expulsion of the PLO from Jordan, and the 1982 Israeli invasion of Lebanon.
What was the impact of the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in 1982?
It aimed to destroy PLO camps but resulted in the deaths of thousands of Lebanese and Palestinian civilians and was widely criticized.
What was the result of the 1996 Palestinian elections?
Yasser Arafat was elected to lead the Palestinian Authority, but Israel still controlled 60% of the West Bank.
What challenges remained after the Oslo Accords?
Issues like Jewish settlements, security, and the rights of Palestinian refugees were unresolved, leading to further conflict.
What is the central challenge in resolving the Israeli-Palestinian conflict?
Conflicting nationalisms and historical claims, making a resolution extremely difficult.
