Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

RAD 1 > Pg 21- > Flashcards

Pg 21- Flashcards

1
Q

What is hematological syndrome

A

200-1000 rads acute whole body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is gastrointestinal syndrome

A

1000-5000 rads, probably die within 2 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Central nervous system syndrome is how many rads

A

5000+, less than a week to live

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Whats LD 50/60

A

Whoe body exposure that would kill 50% of people within 60 days, traditionally 50/30

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

LD 50/30 means

A

“Lethal dose” 350 rads without medical intervietion 50/60. However the 50/30 for us is 300 rads.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Who discovered X-ray for use in chiropractic

A

Wilhelm conrad roentgen in 1895, professor in germany

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What was the first X-ray image that roentgen made

A

His wife bertha’s hand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

X-ray was at first called in german

A

Roentgen ray, but then was changed to x ray

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When was X-ray introduced to palmer

A

1910 by BJ palmer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

All X-rays have

A

Ionizing capacity which causes biological changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

X-rays ______ mattter and are ______

A

Penetrate, absorbed by dense material such as lead, cement, compact bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

X-rays make ____ rays from objects they strike

A

Secondary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Secondary rays have a ___________

A

Detrimental effect on film and patient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

X-rays travel in _______ lines from their source

A

Diverging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Diverge is a big cause in

A

Image distortion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

X-rays cannot be

A

Focused
Reflected
Refracted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Film turns _____ when exposed

A

Dark

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Can human senses detect an X-ray

A

NO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the three things needed to give birth to an X-ray

A
  1. Source of electrons
  2. Way to accelerate them at a high speed
  3. Hard surface to stop them
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What contains all three things needed to give birth to an X-ray

A

The tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The filter does what

A

Filters out the weaker photons that would get to the film anyways

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Whats a Collimator

A

Limits the size of the X-ray beam, aka a beaming light device

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

After the X-rays travel through a patient they hit

A

The grid which helps absorb the secondary rays and make image clearer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The cassette has

A

Screens which glow with light and are in contact with the film

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Where is an image recorded in an X-ray

A

Film

26
Q

What is contained in the tube housing

A

Lined with lead to prevent leakage,oil surrounds the tube acts as thermal insulator, window or port to allow intended X-rays to exit

27
Q

What holds the tube housing in position

A

Tube arm

28
Q

What holds the tube arm

A

Tube stand and is perpendicular to the arm, allows arm to. Move the tube vertically

29
Q

What allows tube to travel horizontally

A

Tube track

30
Q

What is a C arm

A

When tube and receptor oppose each other on a C shaped frame

31
Q

What part of the glass tube is thinner

A

The area for the window, easier to penetrate

32
Q

What is the useful beam

A

Rays exiting the window or port

33
Q

What is central ray (CR)

A

The center most ray, it is perpendicular to the patient, all other rays are diverging

34
Q

What is the cathode

A

The negative electrode, the electron producer

35
Q

What are the two functions of the cathode

A

Focuses electrons

Produces electrons

36
Q

What are the two parts of a cathode

A

The filament and focusing cup

37
Q

What is a filament in a cathode

A

Small coil tungsten, withstands the heat created , a current is passed through it to heat it

38
Q

What passes current through the cathode filament

A

Milliamperage circuit

39
Q

What happens when the filament is heated

A

The electrons are “boiled off”

40
Q

What is thermionic emission

A

When electrons are burned off the filament in a cathode

41
Q

What is a dual focus tube

A

When a cathode has a large and small filament

Small- clearer images

Large- hands more heat less clear image

42
Q

What is the indentation that a filament sits in

A

Focusing cup, helps consolidate the electron cloud

43
Q

What does a anode do

A

Creates strong positive charge that pulls electrons across the tube, PRODUCES PHOTONS

44
Q

What are the 3 functions of the anode

A
  1. Stops electrons thus produces X-rays, X-rays only 1% from process
  2. dissipates heat, heat is 99% of the product
  3. Conducts electricity
45
Q

A anode has how many parts

A

3

Target, stem, rotor, but not all have a rotor

46
Q

What is the target in the anode

A

Where the electrons are propelled too, made of tungsten bc of its high melting point

47
Q

What is the area where X-rays are emitted in the anode

A

The focal spot

48
Q

A dual focus anode tube has

A

A small focal spot and a large focal spot

49
Q

What are the two types of focal spots for a anode

A

Actual and effective focal spots

Actual- where electrons are striking

Effective- where photons exit

50
Q

Large focal spot in anode produces

A

More penumbra(unclear borders)

Small- more umbra (clear borders)

51
Q

What does the stem in the anode do

A

Holds the target and conducts heat away from it

Usually made of copper

52
Q

What are the two types anodes come in?

A

Stationary anode and rotating anode, both are beveled. Which is called the anode angle to help dissipate heat

53
Q

Stationary anodes are used only for

A

Small exposures ( dont use em)

They have a greater angle than rotating anodes

54
Q

Whats rotor rotates the rotating anode and increase the surface area this is

A

The sound you hear before exposure

55
Q

What is the focal spot called for a rotating anode

A

Focal trac

56
Q

Larger angles=

A

Larger effective focal spots, image is less clear

57
Q

Smaller angles=

A

Smaller effective focal spots images are clearer

58
Q

Larger angle= less clear and
Smaller angle= more clear

This is known as

A

The line focus principle

59
Q

What is the anode heel effect

A

When the bottom bevel decreases beam intensity

60
Q

Some X-rays exit the heel of the anode from the imbedded target which

A

Reduces beam intensity,

61
Q

Anode or cathode should be toward thinner parts of glass tube

A

Anode thinner parts

Therefore anode up and cathode down for full spine X-ray

RAD 1 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions