PFTs

Question 1

define elasticity

Answer 1

Tendency of a hollow organ to return to its original size when distended

Question 2

Define compliance

Answer 2

The measure of the expandability of a lung

Question 3

What is the relationship between compliance and elasticity?

Answer 3

inverse

Question 4

What process of breathing is affected in restrictive lung disease?

Answer 4

Inspiration primarily affected

Question 5

Define restrictive lung disease

Answer 5

1. Function of compliance and elasticity
2. Lung compliance low
   A. Increased stiffness of lung limits chest expansion (Volume)

Question 6

Define obstructive lung disease?

Answer 6

1. Disturbance in ventilation due to increased airway resistance
   A. Difficulty exhaling quickly due to increase in airway resistance (Flow)

Question 7

What process of breathing is affected in obstructive lung disease?

Answer 7

expiration is primarily affected

Question 8

What is the typical test done for PFTs?

Answer 8

Plethysmograph

Question 9

What does spirometry measure?

Answer 9

Measurement of Air Flow Rates

Calculation of Lung Volumes & Capacities

Question 10

When is spirometry performed?

Answer 10

Usually done pre-surgery or to see how well a bronchodilator works

Question 11

What do Gas Diffusion & Inhalation Tests measure?

Answer 11

Measures amount of gas exchange at alveoli/min.

Question 12

What does Exercise Pulmonary Stress Testing measure?

Answer 12

estimation of pulmonary reserve

Question 13

What are the indications for PFTs?

Answer 13

1. Detect the presence of lung disease
2. Quantify the extent of the lung disease
3. Measure the effects of occupation and the environment
4. Determine the benefits of the therapy (i.e. bronchodilators)
5. Assess the risk for surgery
6. Evaluate disability of impairment
7. Disease research

Question 14

What are spirometry results dependent on?

Answer 14

age, height, weight

Question 15

How long must a FVC maneuver last?

Answer 15

6 seconds

Question 16

What are examples of obstructive pulmonary diseases?

Answer 16

COPD
Asthma
Bronchiectasis
Bronchitis

Question 17

What are the FEV1, FEV, and FEV1/FVC results for obstructive pulmonary disease?

Answer 17

Dec FEV1
Dec FEV
Dec FEV1/FVC
< 70% predicted

Question 18

What are the TLC and RV results in obstructive pulmonary disease?

Answer 18

Inc TLC
> 120% predicted
Inc RV
> 120% predicted

Question 19

What test is used to assess severity in COPD?

Answer 19

FEV1

Question 20

What is the FEV1/FVC ratio used for?

Answer 20

used to determine pattern (obstructive, restrictive, mixed , normal)

Question 21

Define restrictive lung disease

Answer 21

A category of extrapulmonary, pleural, or parenchymal respiratory diseases that restrict lung expansion

Question 22

What happens to lung volume, work of breathing and perfusion in restrictive lung diseases?

Answer 22

↓ lung volume, ↑ work of breathing & ↓ perfusion

Question 23

What are the PFT results in resreictive lung disease?

Answer 23

↓ FVC

Question 24

what are some examples of restrictive lung disease?

Answer 24

Pulmonary Fibrosis 
Sarcoidosis 
ARDS
Kyphosis
Obesity 
Myasthenia Gravis

Question 25

what is the FEV1/FVC in restrictived lung disease?

Answer 25

FEV1/FVC is normal or increased

Question 26

What are the FEV1, FVC, TLC, and RV values in restrictive lung disease?

Answer 26

1. Dec FEV1
2. Dec FVC
   A. Always check this for restrictive disease
3. Dec TLC
   A. < 80% predicted
4. Dec RV
   A. < 80% predicted

Question 27

What is respiratory failure?

Answer 27

Inadequate gas exchange by the respiratory system

Arterial oxygen and/or carbon dioxide levels can’t be maintained w/in their normal ranges