[PF] Type 1 versus type 2 DM

Question 1

usually childhood and

adolescence

Answer 1

1

Question 2

Normal weight or weight loss preceding diagnosis

Answer 2

1

Question 3

Nonketotic hyperosmolar coma

more common

Answer 3

2

Question 4

No islet autoantibodies

Answer 4

2

Question 5

Progressive decrease in insulin levels

Answer 5

1

Question 6

Circulating islet autoantibodies

Answer 6

1

Question 7

usually adult; increasing
incidence in childhood and
adolescence

Answer 7

2

Question 8

Vast majority are obese (80%)

Answer 8

2

Question 9

Diabetic ketoacidosis in absence of

insulin therapy

Answer 9

1

Question 10

Increased blood insulin (early);
normal or moderate decrease in
insulin (late)

Answer 10

2

Question 11

Islet autoantibodies in Type 1

Answer 11

Anti-insulin
Anti-GAD
Anti-ICA512

Question 12

Major linkage to MHC class II genes

Answer 12

1

Question 13

Linkage to
candidate diabetogenic and
obesity-related genes (TCF7L2,
PPARG, FTO, etc.

Answer 13

2

Question 14

also linked to polymorphisms in
CTLA4 and PTPN22, and insulin
gene VNTRs

Answer 14

1

Question 15

No HLA linkage

Answer 15

2

Question 16

Dysfunction in T cell selection and
regulation leading to breakdown in
self-tolerance to islet autoantigens

Answer 16

1

Question 17

Multiple obesity-associated factors
(circulating nonesterified fatty
acids, inflammatory mediators,
adipocytokines) linked to
pathogenesis of insulin resistance

Answer 17

2

Question 18

Insulin resistance in peripheral
tissues, failure of compensation
by β-cells

Answer 18

1

Question 19

Insulitis (inflammatory infiltrate of T
cells and macrophages)
β-cell depletion

Answer 19

1

Question 20

No insulitis

Answer 20

2

Question 21

amyloid deposition in

islets

Answer 21

2

Question 22

Mild β-cell depletion

Answer 22

2

Question 23

islet atrophy

Answer 23

1