petrology Flashcards

1
Q

a rock that consist of mulitple crystals of a single mineral

A

mono mineralic rocks

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2
Q

a rock that consists of multiple types of mineral and mineraloids

A

polymineralic rocks

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3
Q

a model showing the origins, relationships and processes between rock types and other geologic materials

A

rock cycle

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4
Q

an aggregate of minerals or mineraloids

A

rock

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5
Q

deals with the generation and origin of rocks

A

petrogenesis

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6
Q

known as primary rocks that originated from solidified magma or lava

A

igneous rock

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7
Q

know as secondary rocks which formed as a result of lithified fragments of pre existing rocks

A

sedimentary

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8
Q

rocks that formed as a result of pre existing rocks undergoing metamorphism

A

metamorphic rocks

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9
Q

explain the rock cycle

A

very good

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10
Q

what are the three magma composition

A

melt
volatiles
crystals

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11
Q

magma that rises and erupts onto the surface of the earth

A

lava

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12
Q

the liquid portion of magma

A

melt

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13
Q

the gaseous portion of magma

A

volatiles

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14
Q

the solid portion of the magma

A

crystals

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15
Q

the processes were the magma or lava looses its heat

A

crystallization

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16
Q

rocks that formed as a result of crystallyzation of magma or lava

A

igneous rocks

17
Q

igneous rocks that formed beneath the surface as a result of loosing mobility

A

plutonic rocks

18
Q

will tend to have larger crystal sizes as they have time to grow

A

intrusive igneous rocks

18
Q

igneous rocks that solidified at the surface as a result of extrusion

A

volcanic rocks

19
Q

will have smaller crystals as they rapidly cool

A

extrusive igneous rocks

20
Q

the process where your pre existing rock is heated to the point of partially melting

A

partial melting

21
Q

the partial melting within the earths crust

A

anatexis

22
Q

factors determining the types of magma

A
  1. composition, temperature and depth of the source rock
  2. percent partial melting of the source rock
  3. source rock previous melting history
  4. diversification process that change the composition of the magma after it leaves the source region
23
Q

origins of magma

A
  1. temp increase
  2. decompression melting
  3. addition of volatiles
24
Q

agents that reduces melting temperature of a substance

A

flux

25
Q

increase of temperature with depth

A

geothermal gradient

26
Q

inclusions in magmatic bodies

A

xenolith

27
Q

a graphical method used to discriminate samples through their chemical content into correctly identifying an igneous rock

A

variation diagrams

28
Q

bivariate diagrams showing the relative content relationshop of oxide coumpounds (FeO, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, and TiO2 with SiO2 as the magma evolves creating a trend in the diagram

A

harker diagram

29
Q
A