Petroleum

Question 1

What is crude oil?

Answer 1

is a mixture of hydrocarbons, it contains alkanes, cycloalkanes and aromatic compounds who relative atomic molecular mass ranges from 16-400

Question 2

What components are obtained from fractional distillation?

Answer 2

petroleum, naphtha, gasoline, kerosene, fuel oil

Question 3

What does fractional distillation do?

Answer 3

separates the crude oil into fractions by a series of gas vapour equilbria which adjusts as the temperature decreases down the column

Question 4

What happens when you separate the residue?

Answer 4

the residue which from the crude oil which is not passed up the tower is distilled under the vacuum

Question 5

What is cracking?

Answer 5

is the thermal decomposition of alkanes, when large alkanes molecules are crack it forms smaller alkanes and alkenes

Question 6

What does cracking 2 equations & hydrogen go to?

Answer 6

C10H22(decane) goes to C6H14(hexane) + C4H8(butene)

C10H22(decane)goes to C5H12(pentane)+ C2H4(ethene)+C3H6(propene)

C2H6(ethane) goes to C2H4(ethene) + H2(hydrogen)

Question 7

What are 3 components of catalytic cracking?

Answer 7

refinery gas as containing ethene and propene
a liquid containing high yield of branched chain of alkanes, cycloalkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons
a high boiling point residue

Question 8

What is catalytic cracking?

Answer 8

Catalytic cracking is the breakdown of large compounds into small hydrocarbons using an acid catalyst.

Question 9

What is thermal cracking?

Answer 9

Thermal cracking is the process of breaking down large compounds into small compounds at high temperatures and high pressures.

Question 10

What is reforming?

Answer 10

is the conversion of alkanes to cycloalkanes or cycloalkanes to arenas

Question 11

What are ways crude oil destroys the environment?

Answer 11

oil spills, lead, acid rain, plastic