Petersons test 1 Flashcards
In general, Native American groups prior to contact with Europeans
had adapted to a variety of geographic and climate conditions.
Which of the following was NOT a factor in the success of the Spanish in conquering Native American peoples?
the importation of Africans
Which of the following was NOT a direct result of the dumping of precious metals from the Americas into European markets?
introduction of joint-stock companies
What is a true statement about Puritanism?
Puritanism was based on a set of religious, political, and social values.
The first published poet in the North American colonies was
Anne Bradstreet
William Penn called his colony a “Holy Experiment” because he
wanted to establish a self-governing colony with political and religious freedom
The Bodies of Liberty, the first set of laws in the English colonies, was passed by the
Massachusetts General Court
Tobacco was the most important export commodity in the late seventeenth century for which of the following?
Virginia and Maryland
True or False:The colonies had no colleges, so young men had to go to England for higher education.
False: The first century of colonization saw the founding of Harvard, William and Mary, and Yale. Other colleges such as Princeton (College of New Jersey) followed in the 1700s.
King Philip’s War was a battle between who and why?
Colonists and Native Americans:: King Philip is his English name, but to his Wampanoag nation he was known as Metacom. He led a war against the colonists in New England over land rights.
Bacon’s Rebellion was:
a rebellion of frontiersmen against the governor and House of Burgesses in the Virginia colony.
Shays’s Rebellion was:
a rebellion on the frontier in the early days of the new United States.
Stono Uprising had to do with what group?
Slaves in South Carolina and Georgia in 1739
A major difference in government structure between royal colonies and charter colonies was
the colonists elected their own governor in charter colonies, whereas the monarch appointed the governor in a royal colony
The development of enslaved Africans as the chief labor supply after Bacon’s Rebellion occurred because of:
the growing number of white landless and discontented former servants
The first colony in the 1600s to require that each town establish a public primary school was
Massachusetts
While the English were the largest group of people to immigrate to the colonies, the second largest group were:
Scots Irish ( By 1700, some 150,000 English had immigrated to North America. The Scots Irish, had originally immigrated to Ireland from Scotland, and the end of the cloth-making industry in Ireland in the 1700s forced many of their descendants to emigrate.)
A significant characteristic of the social class structure in the English colonies was:
the size and wealth of the middle class (About 70 percent of all white colonists were considered middle class. They were the small farm owners, shopkeepers, and craftworkers.)
Puritans viewed children as:
small adults.
“The stench of the hold while we were on the coast was so intolerably loathsome, that it was dangerous to remain there for any time, and some of us had been permitted to stay on deck for the fresh air . . . “
This quotation probably describes
a slave ship bound for the Americas
The religious group that had the greatest influence in New England after the initial phase of settlement was
Congregational Church
Over time, which of the following rights were married women in the colonies able to exercise?
conduct business
The Great Awakening spurred:
a. the development of religious pluralism
b. establishment of nonsectarian colleges
c. separation of church and state
d. active participation in church affairs by ordinary people
A major difference between slavery in Virginia and in the Carolinas and Georgia was that
most slaves in Virginia had been born in the colony rather than imported
The major colonial crop in Virginia was:
tobacco
Which of the following was a major advantage for the British in North America during the French and Indian War?
The British colonies were populated with families willing to fight for their homes.
What Indian tribe did the British have as an ally?
Iroquois
The British government did not enforce the Proclamation of 1763 because?
it was to the benefit of the British empire to have the colonists move West (the land beyond the settled colonies had riches that would ultimately benefit the British government through increased trade)
British policy toward its colonies in the 1600s and 1700s was based on the principle of:
mercantilism ( According to mercantilism, colonies exist for the benefit of the home country.)
The “power of the purse,” colonial legislatures’ ability to influence the actions of royal officials in the colonies, was eliminated by the:
Townshend Acts ( The revenues raised by the customs duties imposed in the Townshend Act were to be used to pay royal officials in the colonies, thus eliminating the bargaining chip that colonial legislatures held)
Some examples of the influence of Enlightenment thinking were?
a. Benjamin Franklin’s scientific experiments
b. John Locke’s social contract theory
c. the Declaration of Independence
D. the use of inoculations against smallpox
Predestination refers to:
the religious belief that people were either saved or damned by God and that their own good works were of no value in determining their salvation.
“Of more worth is one honest man to society, and in the sight of God than all the crowned ruffians that ever lived.”
This quotation was most probably written by
Thomas Paine
The Peace of Paris called for:
a. Loyalists were to be paid for their confiscated property
b. the British were to withdraw from all U.S. territory
c. the Mississippi would serve as the western boundary of the United States
d. the United States was given fishing rights in the northern waters off Canada
The major difficulty of government under the Articles of Confederation was:
lack of a chief executive
What provided the plan for all subsequent admission of territories to statehood in the United States?
Northwest Ordinance
The Homestead Act refers to:
a system to give land to families in the West who were willing to work it; passed in 1862
The Kansas-Nebraska Act refers to:
Slavery; passed in 1854 and set up a way for residents of Kansas and Nebraska to decide whether they wanted their state to be free or slave.
The Gadsden Purchase refers to:
the acquisition of land from Mexico in 1853 that makes up the current border between Mexico and the United States in southern Arizona and New Mexico.
The Great Compromise reached at the Constitutional Convention resulted in:
the establishment of a legislature of two houses, a House of Representatives based on population and a Senate with equal representation among the states
the counting of slaves as three-fifths of a person resulted from the:
“three-fifths compromise”
The major shortcoming of the new Constitution according to Anti-Federalists was
lack of protection for individuals
In order the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution includes?
The right to freedom of religion, speech, the press, the right to petition the government, and the right to assemble.
The authority of Congress to approve presidential nominees to the federal judiciary is an example of:
checks and balances (The delegates to the Constitutional Convention set up a system to ensure that no one branch of government became too powerful; this system is called “checks and balances.”)
The reason underlying Alexander Hamilton’s proposal that the United States government redeem all bonds at face value and pay all state debts was?
to convince wealthy Americans that the United States was a safe investment
What was the first test of the unity of the United States under its new Constitution?
Whiskey Rebellion (As part of Hamilton’s plan to put the new nation on sound footing, he proposed and Congress passed an excise tax on whiskey. Farmers in the Pennsylvania backcountry rebelled because they turned much of the corn they raised into whiskey, which was easier to transport and sell. President George Washington called out the state militia to put down the rebellion against the federal government.)
This person helped to lay out Washington, DC, and was a mathematician and astronomer?
Benjamin Banneker
The Federalists party of the 1790s found its support among
Northern merchants, New England farmers, and skilled workers
“‘Tis our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances, with any portion of the foreign world.”
This quotation is most likely from a speech by
George Washington (This sentence is from Washington’s “Farewell Address.” His warning against foreign entanglements is one of the most often cited pieces of his advice for the new nation.)
The Treaty of Greenville is significant because
Native Americans in the Old Northwest ceded most of their lands to the United States (The Shawnee, Miami, Sauk, Fox, and other Native American nations in the Old Northwest agreed to the treaty after their defeat in the battle of Fallen Timbers.)
The Sedition Act was used primarily against
Republican printers and editors (The Sedition Act, passed on July 14, 1789 made the publishing of “false, scandalous, and malicious writing” against the government illegal. The act was passed under the guise of protecting the U.S. from “dangerous” aliens, but in reality, it was a tool the Federalists used to hinder the growth of the Democratic-Republican Party.)
The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions are significant because:
they were the first articulation of the doctrine of nullification.(The theory of nullification, that states could declare null and void any law passed by Congress, was at the center of the states rights’ issue in the nineteenth century prior to the Civil War.)
The Supreme Court decision that established the principle of judicial review of acts of Congress was
Marbury v. Madison
