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Surg Exam > Pestana Review notes > Flashcards

Pestana Review notes Flashcards

1
Q

Tx for increased ICP?

A

dexamethasone/decadron

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2
Q

Workup for acromegaly?

A

somatomedin C + pituitary MRI

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3
Q

tumor markers in testicular CA?

A

alpha-fetoprotein and beta-hCG

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4
Q

hyperacute rejection

A

within minutes; preformed Abs

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5
Q

acute rejection

A

5 days - 3 mos; s/s organ dysfunction; tx = steroids

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6
Q

chronic rejection

A

years; gradual, insidious loss of function

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7
Q

CVP in tamponade or tension pneumo?

A

high

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8
Q

What is the max CVP acceptable?

A

15mmHg

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9
Q

What is the ideal urinary output?

A

0.5-2mL/kg/hr

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10
Q

CVP in vasomotor shock?

A

low

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11
Q

Normal PCO2?

A

35-45

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12
Q

anterior cord syndrome

A

bilateral loss of motor, pain, and temp sensation

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13
Q

central cord syndrome

A

paralysis + burning pain in upper extremities; normal lower extremities

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14
Q

MOA hemisection/Brown-Sequard?

A

clean-cut (knife) injury

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15
Q

ipsi: paralysis and loss of proprioception distal to the injury
contra: loss of pain

A

hemisection/Brown-Sequard

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16
Q

bilateral loss of motor, pain, and temp sensation

A

anterior cord syndrome

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17
Q

paralysis + burning pain in upper extremities; normal lower extremities

A

central cord syndrome

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18
Q

MOA anterior cord syndrome?

A

burst fracture of vertebral body

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19
Q

MOA central cord syndrome?

A

forced hyperextension of the neck (rear ended)- usu elderly

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20
Q

MOA central cord syndrome?

A

forced hyperextension of the neck (rear ended)- usu elderly

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21
Q

plain pneumo percussion findings?

A

hyperresonant to percussion

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22
Q

hemothorax percussion findings?

A

dull to percussion

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23
Q

CXR findings pulm contusion?

A

white out

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24
Q

stab wound first step if stable pt?

A

digital exploration of wound in ER to check for peritoneal invasion

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25
Q

Vaccs needed after splenectomy?

A

Pneumococcus, HiB, meningococcus (all encapsulated)

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26
Q

Initial tx for crush injury?

A

fluids, osmotic diuretics, alkalinization of urine

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27
Q

Rule of 9s Adult

A 
9 head
9 arm
9 arm
18 leg
18 leg
36 trunk
28
Q

formula to estimate fluid need adult

A

kg body weight x % burned x 4

given in 1st 8 hours

29
Q

What fluid in burn victim?

A

ringers lactate

30
Q

Rule of 9s infant

A 
18 head
9 arm
9 arm 
27 legs
36 trunk
31
Q

formula to estimate fluid need in baby

A

20mL/kg/hr

32
Q

Normal PO2 value

A

75-105mmHg

33
Q

6yo, insidious devel of a limp, decreased ROM in hip and knee. Dx?

A

avascular necrosis of the capital femoral epiphysis (Legg-Calve-Perthes disease)

34
Q

13yo fat kid, groin or knee pain, limp, sole of affected foot points in. Dx?

A

slipped capital femoral epiphysis

35
Q

Toddler, febrile illness, now wont move hip. Dx?

A

septic hip

36
Q

punched out bone lesion

A

multiple myeloma

37
Q

multiple myeloma abnormal labs?

A

Bence-Jones proteins in urine, abnormal Igs in blood

38
Q

Tx multiple myeloma?

A

chemo, thalidomide

39
Q

hip pain, leg shortened, adducted, internally rotated,. Dx?

A

posterior hip dislocation

40
Q

hip pain, leg shortened, externally rotated. Dx?

A

broken hip

41
Q

radial nerve injury s/s

A

unable to dorsiflex (extend) wrist

42
Q

median nerve distribution

A

radial 3.5 fingers

43
Q

L4-L5 distribution

A

side of big toe

44
Q

L5-S1 distribution

A

side of little toe

45
Q

HLA-B27 diseases

A

Ankylosing spondylitis, uveitis, inflammatory bowel disease

46
Q

Marjolin ulcer

A

squamous cell carcinoma of the skin from a chronic leg ulcer

47
Q

acid + low bicarb = ?

A

metabolic acidosis

48
Q

normal bicarb level?

A

24

49
Q

squamous cell carcinoma of the skin from a chronic leg ulcer

A

Marjolin ulcer

50
Q

base + high bicarb = ?

A

metabolic alkalosis

51
Q

Tx for metabolic alkalosis?

A

lots of KCl

52
Q

impaired ventilation causes what ABG problem?

A

acidosis

53
Q

abnormal hyperventilation causes what ABG problem?

A

alkalosis

54
Q

PCO2 low = ?

A

alkalosis

55
Q

PCO2 high = ?

A

acidosis

56
Q

increased ventilation corrects what ABG problem?

A

acidosis

57
Q

reduced ventilation corrects what ABG problem?

A

alkalosis

58
Q

solids easier to swallow than liquids?

A

achalasia

59
Q

xray finding achalasia?

A

megaesophagus

60
Q

tx achalasia?

A

balloon dilatation

61
Q

diagnostic for carcinoid syndrome?

A

24 hour urine collection for 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid

62
Q

sigmoid volvulus xray finding

A

parrot’s beak - huge air filled loop in the RUQ that tapers to the LLW

63
Q

firm, rubbery breast mass

A

fibroadenoma

64
Q

huge breast mass in younger girl

A

cystosarcoma phyllodes

65
Q

bilateral tenderness related to menstrual cycle

A

mammary dysplasia

66
Q

bloody nipple discharge in young woman

A

intraductal papilloma

67
Q

green vomiting and double-bubble xray

A

duodenal atresia, annular pancreas, or malrotation

Surg Exam (7 decks)

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