Pest and Vector Control Flashcards
DoD Pest Management Program
DoD Instruction 4150.07
Integrated Pest Management Program
AFMAN 32-1053
Medical Entomology Program
AFI 48-102
any organism that adversely affects readiness, military operations or the well-being of personnel
pest
This plan is authored and maintained by CE but reviewed annually by PH
Installation Pest Management Plan (IPMP)
A long-range, well-defined planning and operational document that describes the IPM program
Installation Pest Management Plan (IPMP)
IPMP is based on
DoD Instruction 4150.07
AFMAN 32-1053
IPMP includes
surveillance methods
frequency
trigger numbers
core mission of Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
prevent or eliminate pests while reducing reliance on pesticides and keeping chemical use to a minimum
The IPM is performed by
Pest Management section of Civil Engineering (CE) with assistance from PH
CE Responsibilities
i. Surveillance for all non-medically important pests
ii. Control of pests
iii. Provides all chemical control used on an installation.
iv. Deployments are handled by a mix of military and contractors or just contractors
PH’s main role
surveillance on medically important vectors and pests
PH responsibilities
i. Provide basic identification of insects caught but for definitive identification specimens will be submitted to USAFSAM/PHR.
ii. Perform annual trend analysis
iii. Provides guidance for cultural and educational control measures.
Program elements
surveillance
control
The most important control method available to IPM
education
Change the environment so that the pest can no longer live there
cultural controls
cultural control examples
a. Sanitation – elimination of food, water and harborage.
b. Proper storage of food and other products.
c. Environmental manipulation –filling in low areas, draining standing water to remove breeding areas, and mowing
cultural control advantages
a. Can be low cost and simple.
b. Provides long-term control.
c. Reduces chemical usage.
cultural control disadvantages
a. Slower initial control results.
b. Can be time, labor and monetarily intensive “upfront” (however long-term benefits may be cheaper than repeated chemical control).
c. Environmental manipulation may not be feasible.
Using physical or mechanical methods to trap, kill pests, keep them out of an area or separate them from their food source
mechanical control
mechanical control examples
a. Exclusion – screening, air curtains, weather stripping
b. Trapping and other mechanical and physical means of containing pests (ex: fly swatters, mosquito netting)
c. Building construction and maintenance
mechanical control advantages
a. Immediate results
b. May be inexpensive
c. Reduced impact on environment (vs. chemicals and manipulation)
mechanical control disadvantages
a. Trapping treats symptoms, stop trapping and problem returns
b. May be expensive and time consuming
using predators, pathogens, or genetic engineering to control and reduce pest populations
biological control
biological control examples
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bti) for mosquito control
biological control advantages
a. Most often environmentally sound
b. Mainly target specific species
c. Non-harmful to humans and most other vertebrates
biological control disadvantages
a. Very expensive
b. Frequent reapplication is necessary
c. Can have unforeseen impacts on environment and non-target pests.
d. Require specially trained people, sophisticated arthropod rearing, storage areas, and delivery systems.
Without routine measures of maintenance and sanitation, used in conjunction with chemical control efforts, the result will be, at best, only temporary and limited
chemical control
chemical control examples
a. Pesticides — chemicals used to kill pests, including disease vectors, intermediate hosts, and reservoirs. These include:
b. Insecticides - kill insects
c. Rodenticides - kill rodents
d. Herbicides - kill plants that are weeds (herb = plant)
e. Acaricides - kill ticks and mites
f. Poisons, repellents, and attractants
chemical control advantages
a. Can have immediate results
b. Relatively inexpensive in the short term
chemical control disadvantages
a. May be hazardous to human health, non-target organisms, and the environment
b. Control is not permanent & frequent reapplication
c. May become more expensive
d. Pesticide resistance may become a problem due to overdependence and misuse
Other IPM Considerations
I. Control must be based on surveillance
II. Know your enemy
III. Chemical control may not be the best answer
