Pest and Vector Biology Flashcards
levels of biological classification
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Animalia (animal)
Kingdom
arthropoda (arthropods)
Phylum
Insecta (insects), Arachnida
Class
Larger groupings of broadly related insects, arachnids, etc
Order
smaller groupings
Family
Closely related organisms
Genus
Specific name for each
Species
characteristics of all arthropods
hard exoskeleton
paired, jointed appendages
ventral nervous system
dorsal circulatory system
tubular digestive system
modified jaws for chewing food
chewing
modified for penetrating surfaces and sucking up liquids
piercing/sucking
modified for sponging up liquids
sponging/lapping
3 body regions
3 pairs of legs
2 pairs of wings
1 pair of antennae
Class Insecta
exception to the 2 pairs of wings rule for Class Insecta
Flies - 1 pair
Lice/Fleas/Bed Bugs - no wings
2 body regions
Simple eyes
4 pairs of legs as adult
No wings or antennae
Class Arachnida
have three pairs of legs in their larval stage
ticks and mites
1 pair of legs per body segment
Front set of legs modified as poisonous claws
Fast moving
Predaceous (living by preying on others)
Includes centipedes
Class Chilopoda
2 pairs of legs per body segment
Slow moving
Phytophagous (feeding on plants)
Several secrete/spray noxious fluids
Includes millipedes
Class Diplopoda
the change in physical appearance from immature to adult stage
metamorphosis
immature insects (nymphs) resemble the adults
consist of egg, nymph, and adult
Gradual or Incomplete (no pupa stage) metamorphosis
immature insects look completely different from adults and have different behaviors and habitats
consist of egg, larvae, pupa, & adult
Complete metamorphosis
arthropods that undergo COMPLETE metamorphosis
(MBFFM)
Mosquitoes, Beetles, Fleas, Flies, Moths
arthropods that undergo GRADUAL metamorphosis
(TLC)
Ticks, Lice, Cockroaches
important in pollinating crops
beneficial arthropods
insects that negatively impact people’s lives to varying degrees
Pest/Harmful arthropods
pest that destroy field crops, ornamental plants, lawns, wooden structures, and stored food products
destructive
arthropods whose presence does not pose a “traditional health threat”
nuisance
arthropods vector human infections biologically such as Malaria, West Nile virus, Lyme disease, Typhus
disease vector
the over-reaction of the body’s natural defenses that present clinically as exaggerated or atypical signs/symptoms
allergic reaction
venoms are poisonous chemicals secreted by certain animals and transmitted to prey/enemy by biting, stinging, or other mechanisms
envenomation
deliver venom through hollow mouthparts
biting/piercing mouthparts
deliver the venom by a modified ovipositor at the end of the abdomen
stinging
carry venom within hollow body hairs and it’s release when the hairs break off and imbed into the victim
urticating arthropods
carry venom within their bodies and release it through ruptured of membranes in the leg joints
cause large painless blisters
vesicating arthropods
irrational fear of insects and the harm they cause
entomophobia
is the persistent, sincere, but mistaken belief that arthropods are infesting a person or his/her personal space
delusory parasitosis
