Persuasive techniques

Question 1

Ad Hominem Attack

Answer 1

An attack on a person raher than an on their opinion or reasoning

creates a strong negative depiction of a person or group through the use of emotice languae.
Undermines hte oppositions credibility

Question 2

Alliteration

Answer 2

Repition of a sound at the beginin of words

captures attention. adds emphasis to the writers point. draws attention to key words

Question 3

Analogy

Answer 3

comparion between two things, helps the audience to draw conclusions about their similarities

explains a complex point in more familiar terms, can help to make the contention look simple and obvious by linking it to something the audience knows well

Question 4

Anecdote

Answer 4

a brief personal account or story

often entertaining, dramatic or humorous. personal angle enagages reader. carries weight with readers as a true story

Question 5

Appeal to a sense of justice

Answer 5

engages with people’s belief that everyone deserves fair treatment

arouses anger at a perceived injustice. Positions the audience to agree that action needs to be taken to resore equity.

Question 6

Appeal to being modern and up to date

Answer 6

engages with peoples desire to be progressive and part of the in crowd

suggests that the new is always better than the old. appeals to the desire to be tought of as ahead of the pack of on trend

Question 7

Appeal to family values

Answer 7

based on the belief that families are at the centre of society and that children should always be protected

leads the reader to view family as integral to the fabric of society. positions the reader to feel negatively about pople and ideas that threten families.

Question 8

Appeal to FEAR

Answer 8

plays on peoples tendency to react emotionally when their saftey security county or loved ones are threatened.

usually works by portraying an extreme sceneariop as being highly probable. inclines readers to agree to proposed solutions to allay their fears.

Question 9

Appeal to financial self-interest

Answer 9

relates to people’s concern about their financial wellbeing

provokes strong emotions, such as outrage at being taken advantage of. positions the reader to feel indignant at those who want to raise prices and suspicious of their true motives.

Question 10

Appeal to group loyalty

Answer 10

uses peoples deire to belong to a group to persuade them to agree with a view point or take action

can play on people’s sense of obligation, fear, guilt and sentimentality. encourages people to belive that ordinary people can make a difference.

Question 11

Appeal to partiotism

Answer 11

draws on national pride and people’s loyalty to their country

postition the readers to feel it would be disloyal to their country to disagree with the writer. arouses strong emotions of pride and loyalty. Can sometimes be used to arouse anger, guilt and fear.

Question 12

Appeal to self-interest

Answer 12

engages with peoples desire for their interests to be placed ahead of others

often divides people into groups of us and them. suggests that the interests of others are in competition with and threten those f the reader.

Question 13

Appeal to tradition and custom

Answer 13

places a high value on the past and a person’s heritage, suggests that abandoning tradtion is damaging to society

encourages the reader to resist change and to feel that links with the past should be retained. often romanticises the past and rejects modern ways of doing things.

Question 14

cause and effect

Answer 14

links an outcome to a particular set of events or decisions

gives the impression that a particular situation or action is a direct result of another. can create an impression of the writer as being logical and reasonable.

Question 15

Cliche

Answer 15

familiar but overused expression that carries a range of associations

conveys meaning in an economical way. can help reader to feel more comfortable with an idea

Question 16

creating a dichotomy

Answer 16

the tactic of dividing people or ideas into two opposing groups - one good and one bad

simplifies the debate by sugesting that the issue is black and white. suggesstions that the interests o others are in competition with those of the audience.

Question 17

emotive language

Answer 17

deliberately strong words used to provoke emotion in the reader

positions readers to react emotionally rather then rationally. leads the reader to share the writers feelings on the subject

Question 17

generalisation

Answer 17

suggests that a fact that applies in a specific case is generally or always true

appeals to commonly held prejudices and attitudes. encourages reader to judge others accordinly to stereotypes.

Question 18

inclusive language

Answer 18

involves the reader direcly in the issue by using first person pronous such as we na dus

makes readers feel included and that their viewers count. encourages then to agree since this view is apparently shared by the group as a whole

Question 18

jargon

Answer 18

specialised language used by experts in a particular field of knowledge

can help to convey the writer’s expertise in a field. can suggest objectivity or fact-based opinion, adding credibility to the argument

Question 19

metaphor and simile

Answer 19

types of figurative languag e that describe one thing in terms of another

capitalises on associations with a vivid image. can evoke strong emotions in readers

Question 20

overtatsement, exaggeration and hyperbole

Answer 20

the use of dramtic, forceful laguage to exaggerate the real situation

arouses emotion in the reader. can be humorous. worst case scenario plays on readers fears.

Question 21

pun

Answer 21

a play on a word or phare that gives it multiple meanings

often humorous. gain readers attention and empahsises the writer’s point

Question 22

reason and logic

Answer 22

supportig an argument with evidence of decuction

creates a credible arguamnt by offereing strong evidence and stong connections between the contention and the evidence. makes the writers seem knowlegable and their opinion seem,ms well thought througha dn researched

Question 23

repitition

Answer 23

the repeating of works phrases or ideas for emphasis

emphasises the writers viewer point and captures attention. makes the point in a memorable way. can communicate a sense of urgency or conviction

Question 24

rhetorical questions

Answer 24

a question that requires no answer because the answr is implied.

postion readers to agreen by assuring their answer will be the ssame as the writers. anaged reader by addressing them directely.

Question 25

sarcasm

Answer 25

the use of words to say something deliberately untrue, especially in order to inslut someone

makes the subject look or fell foolish. postions the audiecne to regard the the issue in a humorous light