Personality Standard 2+3

Question 1

a questionnaire (often with true-false or agree-disagree items) on which people respond to items designed to gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors; used to assess selected personality traits.

Answer 1

Personality Inventory

Question 2

the most widely researched and clinically used of all personality tests. Originally developed to identify emotional disorders (still considered its most appropriate use), this test is now used for many other screening purposes.

Answer 2

MMPI-2 (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory)

Question 3

a test (such as the MMPI) developed by testing a pool of items and then selecting those that discriminate between groups

Answer 3

Empirically derived test

Question 4

a personality test, such as the Rorschach or TAT, that provides ambiguous stimuli designed to trigger projection of one’s inner dynamics

Answer 4

Projective test

Question 5

standardized questionnaires requiring written responses; they typically include scales on which people are asked to rate themselves

Answer 5

Objective tests (inventories)

Question 6

a projective test in which people express their inner feelings and interests through the stories they make up about ambiguous scenes

Answer 6

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

Question 7

the most widely used projective test, a set of 10 inkblots, designed by Hermann Rorschach; seeks to identify people’s inner feelings by analyzing their interpretations of the blots

Answer 7

Rorschach inkblot test

Question 8

a personality test that taps four characteristics and classifies people into 1 of 16 personality types

Answer 8

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

Question 9

a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie a person’s total score.

Answer 9

Factor analysis

Question 10

anxiety, insecurity, emotional instability

Answer 10

Neuroticism

Question 11

giving priority to one’s own goals over group goals and defining one’s identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications

Answer 11

Individualism

Question 12

giving priority to the goals of one’s group (often one’s extended family or work group) and defining one’s identity accordingly

Answer 12

Collectivism

Question 13

People have the tendency to see themselves in vague, stock descriptions of personality

Answer 13

Barnum effect