Personality, Motivation, Attitudes, and Psychological Disorders Flashcards
personality
individual pattern of thinking, feeling and behavior
psychoanalytic theory
personality is shaped by unconscious thoughts, feelings, and memories.
sigmund freud
libido - life instinct - drives behaviors based on survival
deaht instinct - drives aggressive behaviors fueled by unconscious wish to hurt oneself or others
id
unconscious
ruled by pleasure principle
reduce tension, gain pleasure
young children function with this
ego
reality principle
uses logical thinking and planning to control id
superego
inhibits id
follow idealistic goals/higher purpose
based on societal values
ego defense mechanism
unconsciously deny/distort experiences . normal unless taken to extremes
repression denial reaction formation projection displacement rationalization regression sublimation
lack of recall of memory
refusal of acknowledging painful memory
expressing oppossite of what one feels, feel too dangerous to express reality
attributing thoughts feelings to others
redirecting aggressive/sexual impulses onto less dangerous one
explaining one’s impulsive behavior
reverting to an earlier less sophisticated behavior
channeling aggressive or sexual energies into a positive3 activities
erik erikson
added social and interpersonal factors, 8 stages ranging from childhood to adulthood for unconscious conflict
psychoanalytic therapy
insight into emotional issues and conflicts that present difficulty. talk therapy freeassociation role play dream interp
humanistic theory
healthy personality development
inherently good
have free will
actualizing tendency
innate drive to enhance organism
self actualization
realizing one’s human potential as long as there is no obstacle
humanistic therapy
unconditional positive regard
empathy
trust in the client
use “client” instead of “patient”
behaviorist perspective
personality is result of learned behavior patterns based on environment
deterministic
people begin as blank slates, enviornmental reinforcement and punishment determine personality.
starts at childhood, continues through lifespan
behavioral therapy
use conditionibng
ABC model - antecedents, consequences of behavior
relaxation training
systematic desensitization
social cognitive perspective
personality formed by reciprocal interaction among behavioral cognitive and environmental factors
observational learning/vicarious learning
when a person watches another person’s behaviors and its consequences
CBT
persons feelings and behaviors are seen as reactions not to actual events but to person’s thoughts to those events
lives by self created subjects beliefs about him, others, world, and color interp of events
irrational dysfunctional thoughts and beliefs
goal to become aware of these and substitute rational or accurate beliefs and thoughts which lead to functional feelings and behaviors
personality trait
stable predisposition toward a certain behavior
surfaxce traits
evident from person’s behavior
source traits
factors underlying human personality and behavior
raymond cattell
factor anlaysis to find 16 surface traits and 5 global factors (source traits)
