Interacting With The Environment Flashcards
Donald broadbent
Selective attention
Created broadbent model of selective attention - inputs go through sensory buffer where one is retained based on modality others decay
Anne triessman attenuatuon model
Unattended message does NOT decay. Have an attenuating filter turning down sensory filter for unattended message
Cocktail party effect
Previously unattended channels catch attention upon mention of info of personal importance.
Spotlight model
Visual attention: spotlight is a beam that can shine anywhere. Attention before eye movement
Selective priming
More likely to notice something occurs.
Done by encountering it frequently or having an expectation.
Divided attention.
Resource model of attention
Multitasking
Limited pool of resources to drawn upon for multitasking.
Three factors: task similarity , difficulty, practice
Information processing models
Trying to explain cognition rather than link between stimulus and behavior.
Alan baddeleys model
Central executive
Phonological loop/ episodic buffer/ visuospatioal sketch pad
Long term memory stores
Phonlogical loop
Allows us to repeat info ln order to remember it
Visuospatial sketch pad
Allows us to remember things through use of mental images
Episodic buffer
Traces back to personal importance for long term storage.
Integrates info from visuospatial sketch pad and phonological loop with sense of time
Jean Piaget
Assimilate experiences into existing schemas or accommodate by adjusting schemas to experienced.
Schemas
Mental frameworks
Recall
Retrieving info from memory without clues
Recognition
Retrieving info from memory with clues
Problem solving approaches
Trial and error
Algorithm - step by step procedure
Heuristics - mental shortcuts
Nucleus Accumbens
Pleasure center of brain. Addictive drugs stimulate release of dopamine here
Phineas gage theory
Led to discovery of role of prefrontal cortex. Impulsive and unable to demonstrate empathy.
Learned helplessness
Sense of exhaustion lack of belief in ones ability
Cortisol
Shifts body from using sugar as energy source to fat. So brain can use
Behaviorist model
BF Skinner.
Infants trained in language by operant conditioning
Noam Chomsky
We have an innate feature that allows us to gain mastery of language.
Called universal grammar. Says we are not born knowing language but with ability to distinguish grammar.
