Personality Disorders- intro Flashcards
What are examples of group personality?
- culture groups
- friend groups
- Activity groups
How are personality traits defined?
- Enduring patterns of perceiving, relating to and thinking about the environment and oneself
- Tendency to feel, perceive, behave and think in relatively consistent ways across time/situations in which the trait may manifest
What are influencing factors of personality?
- Genetic (50% of trait variation due to genetics)
- Environment (culture group, parents/home environment)
- Birth order (oldest is achievement oriented, middle is peacemaker, youngest is the risk taker/intellectual rebel)
Personality development: what occurs from birth to 18 months?
development of trust
-if needs not met: learns to mistrust and can become withdrawn
Personality development- What occurs from 18mo to 3 years
development of independence
-failure to master promotes self doubt
Personality development- 3-6 years
Take initiative
-harsh scolding for poor initiatives- promotes feeling of unworthiness, guilt/resentment
Personality development- 6-12 years
skill development
Personality development- 12-19yrs
search for identity
Personality development- 20-40 yrs
establish intimacy
Personality development- 40-65 years
create and nurture
Personality development- 65+ years
Look back on their lives/reflection
What are the 5 primary personality factors?
- Emotional stability
- Extroversion- how much one likes being with other people
- Openness/ open-mindedness
- Warmth (agreeableness)- tendency to relate to other people in a friendly way
- conscientiousness- how responsible and self-disciplined one is
(EEWOC)
What are psychopathological conditions due to?
- Maladaptive thought (misperceptions/misinterpretations)
- Behavior patterns associated with a distorted world view- intrapersonal relations (thoughts about self ) and interpersonal relations (thoughts about environment)
When are personality disorders thought to begin?
in childhood.
Because of this, they are difficult to tx
Which consistent childhood/adolescent behavior traits are risk factors?
- Frequent mood swings
- Angry outbursts
- Social anxiety sufficient to cause difficulty making friends
- Need to be center of attention
- Feeling of being widely cheated or taken advantage of
- Difficulty delaying gratification
- Not feeling there is anything wrong with ones behavior
- Externalizing and blaming the world for one’s behaviors and feelings
According to DSM 5, what is the general criteria for personality disorders
- Enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from expectations of individuals culture
- enduring pattern is inflexible and pervasice across broad range of personal and social situations
- pattern leads to significant distress or impairment
- Pattern is stable and of long duration- onset is adolescence or early adulthood
- Enduring pattern is not better explained as a manifestation/consequence of another mental disorder
- Pattern not from substance abuse or medical condition
General criteria (DSM 5) of personality disorders- How is the enduring pattern manifested?
It is manifested in 2+ of the following areas:
- cognition (ways of perceiving self/others/events)
- Affectivity (the range, intensity, lability, etc of emotional response)
- Interpersonal functioning
- Impulse control
What personality disorders are in “cluster A”?
- paranoid
- schizoid
- Schizotypal
Individuals may appear odd or eccentric
What personality disorders are in “cluster B”?
- Antisocial
- Borderline
- Histrionic
- Narcissistic
Individuals often appear dramatic, emotional or erratic
What personality disorders are in “cluster C”?
- Avoident
- Dependent
- Obsessive-Compulsive
Individuals often appear anxious or fearful
Epidemiology- Which 2 personality disorders have the highest prevelance?
- Avoidant (2.7)
- Obsessive compulsive (2.5)
Which 2 personality disorders have the highest rate of heritability?
- Borderline (0.61)
- Obsessive compulsive (0.60)
