Personality disorders Flashcards
What is a personality disorder?
Long standing rigid patterns of thought, affect and behaviour. The attitudes of people with a disorder usually exaggerate part of their personality and result in behaviour at odds with normal expectations. These conditions must not be attributable to brain damage or another psychiatric disorder
What are the 6 ICD criteria for personality disoder?
- markedly disharminious attitudes and behaviours involving several areas of functioning
- prevailing chronic abnormal behaviour patterns, not limited to discrete episodes which are pervasive and maladaptive
- present in range of personal and social situations
- manifestations appear <18 yrs and continue into adulthood
- considerable personal distress caused by patterns and behaviour
- significant problems in occupational and social performance
name the 10 recognised personality disoders?
- paranoid (a)
- schizoid (a)
- schizotypal (a)
- dissocial/ antisocial (b)
- emotionally unstable (b)
- histrionic(b)
- narcissistic (b)
- anankastic (c)(obsessive compulsive)
- avoidant (c)
- dependant (c)
Describe the paranoid personality disorder?
- distrust of others and constant suspicion others have sinister motives
- searches for hidden meaning
- quick to challenge loyalties of friends
- shifts blame to others and carry long term grudges
Describe the schizoid personality disorder
- avoids relationships and doesnt show emotion
- prefers to be alone
- seek jobs requiring little social contact
- social skills week, dont show need for attention or acceptance
Describe the schizotypal personality disorder
- need for social isolation
- odd behaviour and thinking, unconventional beliefs
- mild form of schizophrenia
describe the dissocial/ antisocial personality type(this is one they said we need to know a bit more about)
- aggressive, easily frustrated, callous lack of concern for others
- irresponsible, impulsive
- unable to maintain relationships
- lack of guilt
- prone to criminal behaviour, believe victims are weak and deserving of being taken advantage of
Describe the emotionally unstable personality disorder?
Characterised by mood instability and poor self image. prone to constant mood swings and bouts of anger. Suicidal threats and actions are common, unstable and intense relationships, unpredictable affect, impulsivity, fear of abandoment, F>M, unable to plan and consider consequences of actions
Describe the histrionic personality disorder?
- over dramatise, self centred, shallow affect, labile mood
- seeks to be centre of attention
- manipulative behaviour
- interrupts others to dominate conversation
- dress provocatively to gain attention
- exaggerate friendships and relationships, believing that everyone loves them
describe the narcissistic personality disoder?
- high self importance
- lacks empathy
- needs admiration
- self centereness
- exaggerate achievements
- expects others to recognise them as superior
- choosy picking friends
- uninterested in feelings of others and may take advantage of them
Describe the avoidant personality disorder?
pervasive pattern of social inhibition
feeling of inadequacy and sensitivity to negative evaluation
consider themselves to be social inept
- avoid social interaction for fear of being ridiculed or humiliated
Describe the anankastic (obsessive compulsive) personality disorder?
- worries and doubts, orderliness and control
- perfectionist
- sensitive to criticism
- indecisive
- judgemental
- psychological inflexibility, conformity to rules and procedures
- stress perfectionism above all else and feel anxious when they perceive things arn’t right
What is dependant personality disorder?
- passive, clingy, submissive
- excess need for care
- feels helpless when not in relationship
- feels incomplete
- pervasive psychological dependance on other people
- difficulty making everyday decision without excessive amounts of advice and reassurance from others
What may cause EUPD/ antisocial PD to develop?
- poor attachment
- developmental trauma: extremely common
- chronic maltreatment
- physically/ emotionally absent parents
- mother unable to sooth child/ resents or neglects
- abuse
- may be a genetic element
- self blame- not good enough
- adaptive function in infancy but maladaptive in adults
What is transferance
when a person redirects some of their feelings for another person to an entirely different person- usually the therapist
