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Specialty Disciplines Psych > Personality Disorders > Flashcards

Personality Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

An enduring, repetitive pattern of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and oneself

A

Personality trait

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2
Q

A pervasive, inflexible, maladaptive manner by which the world is viewed, which originates in adolescence or earlier, and alters how the patient views the world; Dysfunctional characteristics of a person’s personality that are incongruent with social norms

A

Personality disorder

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3
Q

Conflict between the person and the world; a depressed patient knows they are depressed and they want to change it. Basically, they are “aware” of their condition.

A

Ego-dystonic

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4
Q

No conflict between the person and the way they view the world; thus, they rarely see difficulty with how they act and thus rarely seek help and tend to have maladaptive lives riddled with legal and other social dysfunction; “Unaware” of their condition

A

Ego-syntonic

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5
Q

What 4 areas do personality disorders tend to affect? (To diagnose someone with a personality disorder they have to have 2 out of 4 manifestations of these areas)

A
  1. Cognition
  2. Affectivity
  3. Interpersonal functioning
  4. Impulse control
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6
Q

Are there FDA approved medications to treat personality disorders?

A

NO! Only “off-label” uses

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7
Q

What disorders are cluster A disorders? (Weird, wacky, odd and eccentric)

A

Paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal

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8
Q

What disorders are cluster B disorders? (Dramatic, emotional, erratic, and wild)

A

Antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic

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9
Q

What disorders are cluster C disorders? (Anxious, fearful, and worried)

A

Dependent, obsessive-compulsive, avoidant

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10
Q

Marked by intense distrust due to assuming that the motives of others are malicious. A person with this disorder may perceive even an innocuous interaction as a character assassination. The result of this is extreme suspicion and strained interpersonal relationships and the ability to interact becomes stilted.

A

Paranoid Personality Disorder (A)

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11
Q

Blunted affect associated with feelings of detachment and desire relationships to be distant and often choose to be solitary. As they do not show much emotion, they often are perceived as having an emotionally cold disposition.

A

Schizoid personality disorder (A)

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12
Q

Inability to interact with others due to discomfort which arises from the actual act of having to interact. NOT due to negative self-image. They may also demonstrate cognitive distortions, odd speaking patterns, and experience strange perceptual occurrences influencing their behavior.

A

Cluster A - Schizotypal (A)

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13
Q

Pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others. Very impulsive and show disregard for the safety and welfare of others and of themselves. They fail to conform to social norms, participate in unlawful activities, and lack remorse for those they have wronged.

A

Antisocial (B)

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14
Q

Instability in self-image and interpersonal relationships. Impulsivity may lead to self-harm, such as drug abuse and promiscuous sex, and relationships are often polarized (black and white) such that a pattern of extreme valuation-devaluation is expressed. This can lead to efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment and feelings of emptiness.

A

Borderline (B)

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15
Q

Emotionality and attention seeking behavior is expressed, and they are not happy unless they are the center of attention. In order to gain attention, they are often swayed by fads, become overly trusting, and may even interact in inappropriate sexual manners. Displays of emotion are often theatrical and overly dramatic, yet are superficial and can change immediately

A

Histrionic (B)

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16
Q

Prone to grandiose fantasies, with the need for admiration. Generally lacking empathy, these patients are arrogant and feel a sense of entitlement. They expect others to acknowledge their supposed superiority and feel very jealous when others receive praise.

A

Narcissistic (B)

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17
Q

They want friends, but they do not know how to obtain them. Dysfunction in ability to act interpersonally due to discomfort. They have self-inadequacy. Because of their fear of shame, ridicule, or rejection, they choose to interact with others as little as they possibly can. New activities are rarely attempted and new relationships are seldom formed.

A

Avoidant (C)

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18
Q

Excessively clingy and have a pervasive need to be cared for. They are prone toe experience separation anxiety, and jump from relationship to relationship when one ends. They have trouble making everyday decisions on their own, and they go out of their way to make sure others have responsibility to make major decisions.

A

Dependent (C)

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19
Q

Inflexible and strive for perfection (Type “A” personality, “anal-retentive”); rigidity is to the point that projects and tasks cannot be completed on time because they are not perfect enough. The preoccupation with details, rules, lists, and organization can be very invasive to the point that it affects interpersonal functioning.

A

Obsessive-compulsive PERSONALITY (C)

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20
Q

What is the treatment for borderline personality disorder?

A

Psychotropics and DBT

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21
Q

What is the mainstay of therapy for personality disorders?

A

Psychotherapy (CBT)

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22
Q

Mental disorders characterized by physical symptoms but without a physical cause of symptoms

A

Somatoform disorders

23
Q

A variety of complaints in one or more organ system lasting for months to years. Associated with excessive, persistent thoughts about symptoms; may co-occur with medical conditions

A

Somatic symptom disorder

24
Q

Preoccupation with and fear of having a serious medical illness despite medical evidence and reassurance to the contrary

A

Illness anxiety disorder (hypochondriasis)

25
Q

Sudden loss of sensory or motor function (paralysis, blindness, mutism, etc.) often following an acute stressor; patient is aware of but sometimes indifferent to the symptom; more common in females, young athletes, adolescents

A

Conversion disorder

26
Q

Intentional/conscious production of false or grossly exaggerated physical or psychological symptoms and is motivated by external incentives; Exaggerating a condition in order to obtain secondary gain - complaints cease after gain

A

Malingering

27
Q

Intentional/conscious production or feigning of physical or psychological illness based primarily upon a desire to assume the sick role and get medical attention, not as a response to external incentives

A

Factitious disorder

28
Q

Factitious disorder involves ____ gain

A

PRIMARY

29
Q

Chronic factitious disorder with predominantly physical signs and symptoms, characterized by a history of multiple hospital stays and willingness to receive invasive procedures

A

Munchausen syndrome

30
Q

Dramatic, peculiar, and _____ medical complaints should clue you in to a malingering or factitious disorder

A

Changing

31
Q

External gain, deliberate

A

Malingering

32
Q

Person enjoys “sick role” as gain, psychiatric disorder, agrees to invasive procedures

A

Factitious disorder

33
Q

Unexplained symptoms or complaints with no conscious attempt to deceive

A

Somatoform disorders

34
Q

Syndrome characterized by gross impairments in the ability to assess reality, and to behave coherently

A

Psychosis

35
Q

Sensory impressions that occur without external stimulation of the relevant sensory organ

A

Hallucinations

36
Q

Fixed, false beliefs even in the presence of evidence to the contrary. The beliefs are firmly held and do not waver.

A

Delusions

37
Q

Incoherence or rambling, such as intermittently muttering and shouting unintelligible statements and monologues

A

Disorganized speech

38
Q

Aimless, bizarre, agitated, or grossly inappropriate behavior (wandering alone dressed inappropriately)

A

Disorganized behavior

39
Q

AKA catatonia, marked motor abnormalities, including immobility, excessive motor activity, extreme negativism, mutism, posturing, stereotyped movements, echolalia, and echopraxia

A

Disorganized motor behavior

40
Q

Diminished emotional expression and avolution

A

Negative symptoms

41
Q

Delirium, dementia, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, autistic disorder, and psychotic disorders all have what in common?

A

Psychosis

42
Q

Disorder characterized by psychosis, and disintegration of abilities to think logically and maintain normal social behavior; patients exhibit both positive and negative symptoms, as well as various other symptoms

A

Schizophrenia

43
Q

Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior, negative symptoms (diminished emotional expression, avolition)

A

DSM-5 Schizophrenia requirements, must have 2 or more of these PLUS post morbid decline

44
Q

To diagnose someone with schizophrenia, the symptoms must persist for ___ months

A

6

45
Q

Treatment for schizophrenia?

A

Antipsychotic medication, psychiatric follow-up

46
Q

Schizophrenia symptoms for greater than 6 months

A

Schizophrenia

47
Q

Schizophrenia symptoms for 1-6 months

A

Schizophreniform disorder

48
Q

Schizophrenia symptoms for 1day to 1 month

A

Brief psychotic disorder

49
Q

What differs schizophrenia, from schizophreniform disorder, from a brief psychotic disorder?

A

THE TIMELINE

50
Q

A disorder characterized by a baseline psychosis with inter-episode mood symptoms, with at least a 2 week period with the absence of mood symptoms and just psychotic symptoms (mood can be depression, mania, hypomania, mixed states, etc.)

A

Schizoaffective disorder

51
Q

How do you treat schizoaffective disorder?

A

Antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, and antidepressants

52
Q

Disorder involving delusions about plausible events, such as being persecuted, having a serious illness, or having a secret relationship with another person; these people often not overly bizarre and thought process is generally organized, and their functioning is not markedly impaired

A

Delusional disorder

53
Q

Erotomanic, grandiose, jealous, persecutory, somatic, mixed

A

Subtypes of delusions

Specialty Disciplines Psych (5 decks)

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