Personality Disorders Flashcards
egosyntonic traits
behaviors, values, feelings that are in harmony with needs and goals of ego; consistent with one’s self-image
Diagnostic criteria for all personality disorders
A. Pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates from expectations of individual’s culture
- Pattern manifested in 2+ areas: cognition, affectivity, interpersonal functioning, impulse control
B. Pattern inflexible and pervasive
C. Clinically significant distress or impairment
D. Pattern stable and long duration, traceable to adolescence
How old to be dx’d with personality disorder?
18 or older
Possible etiologies of personality disorders
genetics, culture and/or environmental factors (e.g. foster care, sole offspring, large family)
3 clusters of personality disorders
A: odd or eccentric (MAD)
B: dramatic, emotional, erratic (BAD)
C: anxious or fearful (SAD)
Cluster A examples
Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal
Cluster B examples
Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, Narcissistic
Cluster C examples
Avoidant, Dependent, OCPD
Key criteria of Paranoid PD
“SUSPECT” (4/7 criteria needed)
Spousal infidelity suspected Unforgiving Suspicious of harm, deceit, exploitation Perceives attacks Enemy or friend binary Confiding in others is feared Threats perceived in benign events
Epidemiology of paranoid PD
M>F, deaf, minorities, recent immigrants
What must be r/o first before dx of Paranoid PD?
- personality change d/t medical condition or chronic substance abuse
- delusional d/o, Schizophrenia, Mood d/o with psychotic features
- consider if paranoia appropriate within culture
Key criteria for dx of Schizoid PD
“DISTANT” (four of seven criteria needed)
Detached (flat) affect Indifferent to criticism or praise Sexual experiences of little interest Tasks performed solitarily Absence of close friends Neither desires nor enjoys close relations Takes pleasure in few activities
Discriminating feature of what PD is suspicious?
Paranoid PD
Discriminating feature of what PD is socially indifferent?
Schizoid PD
Discriminating feature of what PD is eccentric?
Schizotypal
Discriminating feature of what PD is disagreeable?
Antisocial PD
Discriminating feature of what PD is unstable relationships?
Borderline PD
DDX of Schizoid PD
mild forms of Autistic and Asperger’s disorders
Key features of Schizotypal PD
“ME PECULIAR” (5+ criteria)
Magical thinking/odd beliefs Experiences unusual perceptions Paranoid ideation Eccentric behavior or appearance Constricted (or inappropriate) affect Unusual thinking and speech Lack close friends Ideas of reference Anxiety in social situations R/o psychotic disorder
“I prefer to be alone; my world is empty and that’s fine.” Describes what PD?
Schizoid
“Others are untrustworthy and they take advantage of me.” Describes what PD?
Schizoid PD
“I’d like to have friends but it’s hard because people find me pretty strange.” Describes what PD?
Schizotypal PD
“I enjoy taking advantage of people and I never feel bad about it.” Describes what PD?
Antisocial
“I need people desperately and fall apart completely when they reject me.” Describes what PD?
Borderline PD
