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Behavioral Health Module > Personality Disorders > Flashcards

Personality Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

egosyntonic traits

A

behaviors, values, feelings that are in harmony with needs and goals of ego; consistent with one’s self-image

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2
Q

Diagnostic criteria for all personality disorders

A

A. Pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates from expectations of individual’s culture
- Pattern manifested in 2+ areas: cognition, affectivity, interpersonal functioning, impulse control
B. Pattern inflexible and pervasive
C. Clinically significant distress or impairment
D. Pattern stable and long duration, traceable to adolescence

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3
Q

How old to be dx’d with personality disorder?

A

18 or older

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4
Q

Possible etiologies of personality disorders

A

genetics, culture and/or environmental factors (e.g. foster care, sole offspring, large family)

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5
Q

3 clusters of personality disorders

A

A: odd or eccentric (MAD)
B: dramatic, emotional, erratic (BAD)
C: anxious or fearful (SAD)

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6
Q

Cluster A examples

A

Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal

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7
Q

Cluster B examples

A

Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, Narcissistic

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8
Q

Cluster C examples

A

Avoidant, Dependent, OCPD

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9
Q

Key criteria of Paranoid PD

A

“SUSPECT” (4/7 criteria needed)

Spousal infidelity suspected
Unforgiving
Suspicious of harm, deceit, exploitation
Perceives attacks
Enemy or friend binary
Confiding in others is feared
Threats perceived in benign events
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10
Q

Epidemiology of paranoid PD

A

M>F, deaf, minorities, recent immigrants

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11
Q

What must be r/o first before dx of Paranoid PD?

A
  • personality change d/t medical condition or chronic substance abuse
  • delusional d/o, Schizophrenia, Mood d/o with psychotic features
  • consider if paranoia appropriate within culture
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12
Q

Key criteria for dx of Schizoid PD

A

“DISTANT” (four of seven criteria needed)‏

Detached (flat) affect 
Indifferent to criticism or praise 
Sexual experiences of little interest 
Tasks performed solitarily 
Absence of close friends 
Neither desires nor enjoys close relations 
Takes pleasure in few activities
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13
Q

Discriminating feature of what PD is suspicious?

A

Paranoid PD

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14
Q

Discriminating feature of what PD is socially indifferent?

A

Schizoid PD

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15
Q

Discriminating feature of what PD is eccentric?

A

Schizotypal

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16
Q

Discriminating feature of what PD is disagreeable?

A

Antisocial PD

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17
Q

Discriminating feature of what PD is unstable relationships?

A

Borderline PD

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18
Q

DDX of Schizoid PD

A

mild forms of Autistic and Asperger’s disorders

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19
Q

Key features of Schizotypal PD

A

“ME PECULIAR” (5+ criteria)

Magical thinking/odd beliefs 
Experiences unusual perceptions 
Paranoid ideation 
Eccentric behavior or appearance 
Constricted (or inappropriate) affect 
Unusual thinking and speech 
Lack close friends 
Ideas of reference 
Anxiety in social situations 
R/o psychotic disorder
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20
Q

“I prefer to be alone; my world is empty and that’s fine.” Describes what PD?

A

Schizoid

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21
Q

“Others are untrustworthy and they take advantage of me.” Describes what PD?

A

Schizoid PD

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22
Q

“I’d like to have friends but it’s hard because people find me pretty strange.” Describes what PD?

A

Schizotypal PD

23
Q

“I enjoy taking advantage of people and I never feel bad about it.” Describes what PD?

A

Antisocial

24
Q

“I need people desperately and fall apart completely when they reject me.” Describes what PD?

A

Borderline PD

25
Q

Over 50% of patients with Schizotypal have h/o ________.

A

Major Depressive Episodes

26
Q

Major difference between Schizoid and Schizotypal?

A

Schizoid are indifferent about having social relationships, but Schizotypal feel bad about lacking friends

27
Q

Cultural considerations of Schizotypal PD

A
  • Emotional turmoil during adolescence
  • Spiritual and religious cultural groups beliefs and practices that may appear Schizotypal (e.g. magic beliefs, psychic abilities, talking in tongues)
28
Q

Key features of Antisocial PD?

A

“CORRUPT” (3+ criteria)‏

Conformity to law is lacking 
Obligations ignored 
Reckless disregard for safety of self or others 
Remorseless 
Underhanded 
Planning insufficient (impulsive)‏ 
Temper
29
Q

Antisocial PD: after 18 yo

________: before 15 yo

A

Conduct Disorder

30
Q

Key features of Borderline PD

A

I DESPAIRR (5+ criteria)

Identity disturbance
Disordered, unstable affect
Emptiness is chronic
Suicidal behavior, gestures, and/or threats
Paranoid ideation can be transient, stress-related
Avoids abandonment
Impulsivity
Rage is inappropriate and intense
Relationships are unstable, intense, extreme

31
Q

Men: Antisocial
Female: _______

A

Borderline

32
Q

“I’m an emotional and sexually charming person and I need to be the center of attention.” Describes what PD?

A

Histrionic

33
Q

Key features of Histrionic PD?

A

PRAISE ME (5+ criteria)‏

Provocative behavior 
Relationships considered more intimate than really are‏ 
Attention-seeking‏ 
Influenced easily 
Speech affected, impressionistic
Emotions rapidly shift and are shallow
Manipulative, theatrical
34
Q

suicidal behaviors to keep people close

A

Borderline PD

35
Q

How is manipulative behavior different in histrionic vs antisocial?

A

Histrionic wants attention

Antisocial wants profit, power, and material gain

36
Q

How is histrionic distinguished from borderline?

A

histrionic does not have suicidal behavior, threats, or self-mutilation like borderline does

37
Q

Features of Narcissistic PD

A

SPEEECIAL (5+ criteria)‏

Special 
Preoccupied with fantasies of success and power
Envious 
Entitled 
Excessive need for admiration
Conceited 
Interpersonally exploitive 
Arrogant 
Lack empathy
38
Q

“I’m really afraid of what people will think of me, so I avoid making new friends.” Describes what PD?

A

Avoidant PD

39
Q

Discriminating feature of what PD is inhibited?

A

Avoidant

40
Q

Discriminating feature of what PD is attention-seeking?

A

Histrionic

41
Q

Discriminating feature of what PD is self-centered?

A

Narcissistic

42
Q

“I’m talented and special. I get angry and depressed when people don’t recognize how great I am!” Describes what PD?

A

Narcissistic

43
Q

How are Narcissistic and Histrionic different?

A

Narcissistic don’t care about the opinions or attention of other people

44
Q

Key features of avoidant personality d/o

A

“CRINGES” (4+ criteria)‏

Certainty of being liked required
Rejection-phobic
Intimacy is avoided
New relationships are avoided
Gets around interpersonal contact
Embarrassment is expected, prevents new activities
Self viewed as inept, inferior, unappealing

45
Q

Avoidant PD vs Social Phobia

A

Avoidant: avoid ANY opportunity to be negatively evaluated; more severe than social phobia

Social phobia: have few close friends (“safe people”)

46
Q

Avoidant personality d/o closely comorbid with what?

A

agoraphobia

47
Q

“I’m passive and dependent on others, and I go far out of my way to please those who are important to me.” Describes what PD?

A

Dependent PD

48
Q

Key features of dependent personality d/o

A

RELIANCE (5+ criteria)‏

Require reassurance and advice
Expressing disagreement is difficult 
Life responsibilities are assumed by others 
Inability to initiate projects
Avoid being alone‏ 
Nurturance is ultimate goal‏ 
Companionship sought urgently 
Exaggerated fears of being left to care for self
49
Q

“I keep lists, drive myself hard, and i’m very serious about life.” Describes what PD?

A

OCPD

50
Q

“I keep lists, drive myself hard, and i’m very serious about life.” Describes what PD?

A

OCPD

51
Q

Key features of OCPD

A

LAW FIRMS (4+ criteria)‏

Loses sight of greater picture due to rules, details
Ability to complete tasks is compromised by perfectionism
Worthless objects retained‏
Friends and leisure excluded in favor of work‏
Inflexible
Reluctant to delegate
Miserly, hoard $ for calamity
Stubborn, rigid

52
Q

Discriminating feature of what PD is submissive?

A

Dependent

53
Q

Discriminating feature of what PD is perfectionist?

A

OCPD

54
Q

How is OCD different than OCPD?

A

OCD is less severe and may be focused on one/few obsessions and compulsions

OCPD is more severe and affects all arenas of life

Behavioral Health Module (14 decks)

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