Personality disorders Flashcards
What is the definition of a personality disorder?
Conditions in which individual differs significantly from an average person in how they think, perceive, feel, or relate to others
Characterised by enduring maladaptive patterns of behaviour, cognition, and inner experience exhibited across many contexts
Patterns develop early, are inflexible and are associated with significant distress or disability
3 Ps - persistent, problematic, pervasive
What are the different types of personality disorders?
10 different types (3 clusters)
Cluster A - Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal
Cluster B - Borderline, Narcissistic, Antisocial, Histrionic
Cluster C - Obsessive Compulsive, Dependent, Anxious-Avoidant
What is the presentation of paranoid disordered personalities?
Suspicious and mistrustful
Misinterpreting events as persecutory
Bearing grudges
Strong sense of personal rights
What is the presentation of Schizoid disordered personalities?
Detached, solitary, aloof, indifferent
Little interest in people / sex
Lack close friends
What is the presentation of Chizotypal disordered personalities?
Eccentric
Odd behaviours / thinking
Unconventional beliefs
What is the presentation of Borderline disordered personalities?
AKA emotionally unstable
emotional instability
impulsive
parasuicidal acts
chronic feeling of emptiness
intense and unstable relationships
fear of abandonment
What is the presentation of Narcissistic disordered personalities?
grandiose
self-important
degrade others
What is the presentation of Antisocial disordered personalities?
unconcern for feelings of others
disregard for rules
impulsive
low tolerance to frustration
failure to take responsibility
What is the presentation of histrionic disordered personalities?
theatrical
dramatic
exhibit superficial emotionality
seductive
suggestible
What is the presentation of Obsessive Compulsive disordered personalities?
Rigid, stubborn, perfectionistic
preoccupied with rules, order, routine
high sense of morality
What is the presentation of dependent disordered personalities?
need others to make decisions for them
fear of abandonment
unable to cope alone
need for reassurance
What is the presentation of Anxious-avoidant disordered personalities?
persistent anxiety
sensitive to rejection
tend to avoid relationships unless acceptance is guaranteed
Diagnostic tools for personality disorders
ICD-10 / ICD-11
DSM-V
What is the Hamilton boundary seesaw model?
Negotiator = care with explicit limits and flexible balance
Pacifier = Explotative carer (abuser), over-involved / too indulging
Controller = Controlling punisher (abuser), under-involved / too controlling
What are the treatment principles of personality disorders?
Understand importance of attachment and therapeutic relationship
Understand crisis indicators to act before crisis happens
Appropriate boundaries and contract to keep safe
Empowerment and recovery focused approach
Psychotropic medication (co-morbidities)
Metallisation / transference / group treatment therapy
