Anxiety disorders Flashcards
What does neurosis mean?
“Abnormal / diseased neurone”
Functional illness
Distress without psychosis (delusions / hallucinations)
What is Lang’s three system model?
Interaction between thoughts, feelings, and behaviours
What are the systems involved in anxiety?
Perceived danger > + autonomic nervous system (sympathetic)
> fight / flight / freeze
What effect does anxiety have?
Physiological arousal (sympathetic)
Racing thoughts, inability to concentrate
Cognitive bias
What is Padesky’s anxiety equation?
Anxiety = estimate of danger / estimate of coping
How do phobias present?
Marked feat of object / situation
Marked avoidance of objects / situations
What is panic disorder (+/- agoraphobia)
Fear of own physiological / psychological reactions
Bodily changes viewed as signs of impending collapse, insanity, or death
Avoidance of situations that may trigger these reactions = agoraphobia
What are the physical symptoms of panic disorder?
Sense of dread
Choking
Rapid heart beat
Shaky
Wobbly legs
Feeling faint
What is the cognitive model of panic?
Internal / external trigger > perceived threat > anxiety
misinterpretation > anxiety > physical / cognitive symptoms
> avoidance and safety behaviour
What is the difference between type 1 and type 2 worries?
Type 1 = worry about external events and physical symptoms
Type 2 = which concerns negative appraisals of worrying (ie. worry about worrying)
What is social anxiety disorder?
Fear of negative evaluation by others
Leads to avoidance of feared situations, anticipatory anxiety, unhelpful ‘post mortems’
What are the symptoms of OCD?
Unwanted recurring distressing intrusive thoughts or images = OBSESSIONS
These obsessions are ego dystonic (thoughts, impulses, behaviours that are distressing / repugnant / against morals or self-concept)
Obsessions > compulsions
Neutralising behaviours = COMPULSIONS
What are the types of neutralising behaviours (OCD)?
Overt = washing, checking, ordering / aligning
Covert = praying, counting, repeating words
What is body dysmorphic disorder?
Characterised by preoccupation with imagined defect in appearance
> time consuming behaviours
e.g. mirror gazing
> excessive camouflaging tactics
e.g. skin picking
> reassurance seeking
What is PTSD caused by?
Exposure to event / situation of exceptionally threatening or catastrophic nature which would be likely to cause pervasive distress in almost anyone
